Studying the Concentration of Microplastic Particles in Water, Bottom Sediments and Subsoils in the Coastal Area of the Neva Bay, the Gulf of Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Sh. R. Pozdnyakov ◽  
E. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. V. Guzeva ◽  
E. P. Shalunova ◽  
K. D. Martinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Neva Bay ◽  
Water Bottom

PROBLEM OF HEAVY METAL SURFACE SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION IN THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Derugina ◽  
N Derugina ◽  
А Grigoriev ◽  
A Grigoriev ◽  
Дарья Рябчук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Sediment Contamination ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Neva Bay

This project defines the pre-industrial quantities of heavy metals in sediment sequences of the Late Holocene from the Eastern Gulf of Finland. A comparative analysis reveals differences and similarities in the current concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediments and pre-industrial levels. It is found that the maximum concentrations of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Finland and Neva Bay occurred in the period of 1950-1990. Since the 1990s, the trend has been a slow decline in the contamination levels; however, the concentrations of some heavy metals in bottom sediments remain high.

PROBLEM OF HEAVY METAL SURFACE SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION IN THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Derugina ◽  
N Derugina ◽  
А Grigoriev ◽  
A Grigoriev ◽  
Дарья Рябчук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Sediment Contamination ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Neva Bay

This project defines the pre-industrial quantities of heavy metals in sediment sequences of the Late Holocene from the Eastern Gulf of Finland. A comparative analysis reveals differences and similarities in the current concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediments and pre-industrial levels. It is found that the maximum concentrations of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Finland and Neva Bay occurred in the period of 1950-1990. Since the 1990s, the trend has been a slow decline in the contamination levels; however, the concentrations of some heavy metals in bottom sediments remain high.

IMPACT OF NONYLPHENOL ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FUNGI FROM THE COASTAL AREA OF THE GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Kuzikova ◽  
Irina Kuzikova ◽  
Vera Safronova ◽  
Vera Safronova ◽  
Nadezda Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Terrestrial Fungi ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Nonylphenol (NP) is the most abundant environmental estrogen listed as one of the priority hazardous substances in the Water Framework Directive (EC 2000) and the priority pollutant of Baltic Sea (HELCOM 2010). The present study aims to compare the effects of technical nonylphenol (tNP) on the cellulase, amylase and protease activity of the terrestrial fungal strains played a significant role in aquatic ecosystems due to their high adaptive capacity and a large range of functional activity. The study also attempts to understand the mechanisms behind the varying sensitivity of the terrestrial fungi to tNP. The fungal strains were isolated from the bottom sediments of the coastal area of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland. The terrestrial fungi were identified based on their morphological characteristics and nucleotide sequence analysis of internal transcribed space region. One reason for significant differences in sensitivity to the toxicant studied among the fungi is the change in the fungal cell permeability, in particular in cell membrane permeability, induced by NP. Environmentally relevant concentrations of tNP cause significant changes in activity of hydrolytic enzymes in the terrestrial fungi Aspergillus tubingensis, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium glabrum, and Cadophora fastigiata involved in organic matter degradation in bottom sediments. There can be increasing or decreasing trend, depending on both the type of enzyme and the tNP concentration. The revealed changes may disrupt the destructive processes in bottom sediments, as well as succession and stability of microbial communities functioning in the aquatic environment. It was found that tNP contributes to the activation of proteolytic enzymes, considered as potential fungal virulence factors. This may lead to emergence fungal strains with enhanced virulence in aquatic microbiocenoses. The investigations of the physiological responses of terrestrial fungi under nonylphenol will be important for biochemical processes dynamics and their environmental consequences evaluation.

IMPACT OF NONYLPHENOL ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FUNGI FROM THE COASTAL AREA OF THE GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Kuzikova ◽  
Irina Kuzikova ◽  
Vera Safronova ◽  
Vera Safronova ◽  
Nadezda Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Terrestrial Fungi ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Nonylphenol (NP) is the most abundant environmental estrogen listed as one of the priority hazardous substances in the Water Framework Directive (EC 2000) and the priority pollutant of Baltic Sea (HELCOM 2010). The present study aims to compare the effects of technical nonylphenol (tNP) on the cellulase, amylase and protease activity of the terrestrial fungal strains played a significant role in aquatic ecosystems due to their high adaptive capacity and a large range of functional activity. The study also attempts to understand the mechanisms behind the varying sensitivity of the terrestrial fungi to tNP. The fungal strains were isolated from the bottom sediments of the coastal area of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland. The terrestrial fungi were identified based on their morphological characteristics and nucleotide sequence analysis of internal transcribed space region. One reason for significant differences in sensitivity to the toxicant studied among the fungi is the change in the fungal cell permeability, in particular in cell membrane permeability, induced by NP. Environmentally relevant concentrations of tNP cause significant changes in activity of hydrolytic enzymes in the terrestrial fungi Aspergillus tubingensis, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium glabrum, and Cadophora fastigiata involved in organic matter degradation in bottom sediments. There can be increasing or decreasing trend, depending on both the type of enzyme and the tNP concentration. The revealed changes may disrupt the destructive processes in bottom sediments, as well as succession and stability of microbial communities functioning in the aquatic environment. It was found that tNP contributes to the activation of proteolytic enzymes, considered as potential fungal virulence factors. This may lead to emergence fungal strains with enhanced virulence in aquatic microbiocenoses. The investigations of the physiological responses of terrestrial fungi under nonylphenol will be important for biochemical processes dynamics and their environmental consequences evaluation.

scholarly journals New data on the flora of Centrophyceae (Bacillariophyta) in the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland (Russia)

Algologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
S.I. Genkal ◽  
◽  
I.S. Trifonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Centric Diatoms ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Neva Bay ◽  
Scanning Electron

This scanning electron microscopy study of phytoplankton from the Neva Bay and analysis of valve images from S.I. Genkal’s iconotheka have provided new data on centric diatoms of the Neva Bay. Representatives of the genera Aulacoseira scalaris and Stephanodiscus lacustris, new to the flora of the Bay, have been identified. The systematic position and distribution of 14 species and varieties of Centrophyceae from the genera Aulacoseira, Conticribra, Cyclostephanos, Ellerbeckia, Handmannia, Pantocsekiella, Stephanodiscus, Thalassiosira have been refined and specified. The species composition of the class Centrophyceae of the Neva Bay has been expanded. Now it includes 42 species and varieties from 17 genera.

scholarly journals Pollution history of Neva Bay bottom sediments (eastern Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea)

Baltica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Ryabchuk ◽  
Henry Vallius ◽  
Vladimir Zhamoida ◽  
Aarno T. Kotilainen ◽  
Alexander Rybalko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Pollution History ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neva Bay

Neva Bay is the shallowest and easternmost part of the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). St. Petersburg, Russia’s second largest city, occupies the coastal area where the Neva River debouches into Neva Bay. St. Petersburg has a protracted history of industrial, transportation and urban related activity that have affected Neva Bay. By the sealing off the bay from the eastern Gulf of Finland, the St. Petersburg Flood Protective Facility, which was constructed from the 1970‘s to 2011, transformed Neva Bay into a “technogenic” lagoon. Neva Bay sediments record a unique history of pollution near the metropolis. Heavy metal concentrations of most elements studied varied consistently throughout sediment cores. Temporal trends indicate that metals started to accumulate abruptly in the first half of the 20th century. Zinc, lead and copper were the first metals to reach contaminant thresholds implicating the regional base metal industry as a source. Significant increase in cadmium levels a decade or two later suggests pollution from the regional chemical industry. Comparison of geochemical data collected from sediment cores and recent annual sediment surveys highlighted the temporal history and potential sources of pollution in Neva Bay. Intensive dredging in 2007–2008 resuspended and redistributed contaminated sediment around Neva Bay causing a dramatic increase in benthic sediment heavy metal concentrations. Concentrations of all measured metals subsequently declined from 2009–2014 relative to the elevated values observed for 2007–2008. Pollution history of Neva Bay bottom sediments is closely linked with changing of sedimentation conditions. Analyses of sedimentological data collected by 20th and 21st century scientific surveys reveal dramatic shifts in Neva Bay sedimentation processes over the last three centuries. The western part of Neva Bay has transitioned from a sanddominated system to one of mud accumulation with the aerial extent of mud deposition expanding significantly during the 20th century. This inventory coupled with an understanding of primary natural and anthropogenic processes can help inform decision makers to support the overall ecological health of the bay.

scholarly journals Upwelling characteristics in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) as revealed by Ferrybox measurements in 2007–2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2863-2898 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kikas ◽  
U. Lips
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Temperature Deviation ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Abstract. Ferrybox measurements are carried out between Tallinn and Helsinki in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) in a regular basis since 1997. The system measures autonomously water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a fluorescence and turbidity and takes water samples for further analyses at a pre-defined time interval. We aimed to show how the Ferrybox technology could be used to study the coastal upwelling events in the Gulf of Finland. Based on the introduced upwelling index and related criterion, 33 coastal upwelling events were identified in May–September 2007–2013. The number of events as well as frequency of their occurrence and intensity, expressed as a sum of daily average temperature deviations in the 20 km wide coastal area, were almost equal near the northern and southern coast. It is shown that the wind impulse needed to generate upwelling events of similar intensity differ between the two coastal areas whereas this difference is related to the average wind forcing in the area. Two types of upwelling events were identified – one characterized by a strong temperature front and the other revealing gradual decrease of temperature from the open to coastal area with maximum temperature deviation close to the shore.

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