Electrochemical oxidation of 2-furylacetic acid derivatives

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1361-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Janda ◽  
Jan Šrogl ◽  
Eva Körblová ◽  
Ivan Stibor
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions

Depanding on reaction conditions, the electrochemical methoxylation of 2-furylacetonitrile (I) afforded either (2,5-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydro-2-furyl)acetonitrile (V) or (5-methoxy-2,5-dihydro-2-furfurylidene)acetonitrile (VIII). Analogous reaction of methyl 2-furylacetate (II) gave either methyl (2,5-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydro-2-furyl)acetate (VI) or methyl (5-methoxy-2,5-dihydro-2-furfurylidene)acetate (IX). The electrochemical ethoxylation of ethyl 2-furylacetate afforded- among other products - also γ-lactone of ethyl 3-hydroxy-2,4-hexadienedioate (X).

scholarly journals The First Stages of Chemical and Electrochemical Aniline Oxidation—Spectroscopic Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Morávková ◽  
Ivana Šeděnková ◽  
Patrycja Bober
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Redox Behavior ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Chemical Polymerization ◽  
Polyaniline Film ◽  
Aniline Oxidation ◽  
Aniline Oligomers

There are several types of aniline oligomers that can be formed in the early stages of aniline oxidation: linear oligomers with repeating units joined in para positions, and various branched and polycyclic oligomers, being the two most important groups. The fraction of these different oligomeric groups depends upon the reaction conditions of aniline oxidation. The aim of this study was to analyze the first products of the chemical and electrochemical oxidation of aniline at the (starting) pH 1 and 7, in order to specify the conditions of the formation of phenazine-like oligomers, and to test the theory that they have an important role in polyaniline film formation. We have confirmed that phenazine-like oligomers do not form at pH 1, neither in the chemical nor the electrochemical oxidation of aniline; however, they form in both chemical and electrochemical oxidation of aniline at pH 7. Phenazine-like oligomers are thus definitely not necessary intermediates for PANI film formation, not even in the chemical polymerization of aniline. Finally, the redox behavior of phenazine-like oligomers was demonstrated in a medium at pH 1.

Bicyclization of aza-compounds by positive halide ions. I. Cyclic amines

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Elofson ◽  
F. F. Gadallah ◽  
J. K. Laidler
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Halide Ions ◽  
Cyclic Amine ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Specific Reaction ◽  
Cyclic Amines ◽  
Bicyclic Compounds

Cyclic amines are oxidized to the bicyclic compounds by electrochemical oxidation. The presence of halide ions is found necessary for the reaction to proceed and to produce any bicyclic products. It is postulated that a positive halide species, X(+), is produced electrochemically and stabilized under the specific reaction conditions. The X(+) ion forms a complex with the parent cyclic amine which decomposes to the bicyclic product and HX. An analogy between the Hofer–Moest reaction to produce C(+) and this reaction to produce X(+) is postulated

Preparation of Biscarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane Derivatives: A Mini-Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 769-778
Author(s):  
Andrés-Felipe Villamizar-Mogotocoro ◽  
Juan-Manuel Urbina-González ◽  
Ingrid Rincón-Valdivieso
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
High Importance

Biscarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes are versatile compounds derived from stabilized α-carbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes, mainly prepared by transylidation or by analogue methodologies; other procedures include electrochemical oxidation, palladium-catalized insertions and displacements reactions with tellurol esters, as well as the use of Bestmann’s ylide with different reagents and reaction conditions. These biscarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes are usually converted into acetylenes by thermal treatments. Biscarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes and their oxidation products -vicinal tricarbonyl compounds- are of high importance due to their use as synthons of more complex molecules and their promising biological activity.

Neue Sesquisulfide der Lanthanoide im U2S3-Typ: Tb2S3 und Dy2S3/New U2S3-Type Sesquisulfides of the Lanthanides: Tb2S3 and Dy2S3

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions

New sesquisulfides of the lanthanides with the U2S3-type structure (M2S3, M = Tb and Dy) were prepared through the oxidation of TbClH0,67 and DyCl2, respectively, with appropriate amounts of sulfur in the presence of NaCl fluxes in silica protected sealed tantalum containers at 850 °C for at least seven days. The preparation from the elements (2M + 3S; M = Tb and Dy) under otherwise analogous reaction conditions and temperatures was also successful when equimolar fluxes of NaCl were applied. The crystal structure was determined from single crystal data for Tb2S3 and Dy2S3, both crystallizing with the U2S3-type structure (orthorhombic, Pnma, Z = 4; Tb2S3: a = 1067.87(8), b = 388.06(4), c = 1049.07(7) pm ; Dy2S3: a = 1062.45(7), b = 386.59(4), c = 1044.36(8) pm) when prepared under the above-mentioned conditions.

An Electrolyte- and Catalyst-Free Electrooxidative Sulfonylation of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Han ◽  
Mengmeng Huang ◽  
Yabo Li ◽  
Jianye Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
By Products

The direct electrochemical oxidation has been widely applied in organic synthesis due to the simple and mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, few by-products, high product purity and high productivity. Up...

Can enantiomer ligands produce structurally distinct homochiral MOFs?

CrystEngComm ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (43) ◽  
pp. 8202-8206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrigendra Dubey ◽  
Ashish Kumar ◽  
Vishal M. Dhavale ◽  
Sreekumar Kurungot ◽  
Daya Shankar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductance ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions

Here, we report the synthesis, characterization and proton conductance study of two structurally distinct homochiral MOFs [Cu1.5(H2Ll-leu)(Ac)H2O]n·3H2O (1) and [Cu1.5(H2Ld-leu)H2O]n·10H2O (2) obtained from the l/d-leucine derived enantiomer ligands and Cu(Ac)2·H2O in 1 : 1 ratio under analogous reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Electrochemical oxidation of cholesterol

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 392-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek W Morzycki ◽  
Andrzej Sobkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Hydroxy Group ◽  
Electrophilic Addition ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Reaction Conditions

Indirect cholesterol electrochemical oxidation in the presence of various mediators leads to electrophilic addition to the double bond, oxidation at the allylic position, oxidation of the hydroxy group, or functionalization of the side chain. Recent studies have proven that direct electrochemical oxidation of cholesterol is also possible and affords different products depending on the reaction conditions.

1,n-Radical ions. Photosensitized (electron transfer) and electrochemical oxidation of 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylcyclopropane

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danial D. M. Wayner ◽  
Donald R. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Radical Ions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Aromatic Nitriles ◽  
Redox Behaviour ◽  
Transfer Study

The photosensitized (electron transfer) and the electrochemical oxidation of 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylcyclopropane (1) have been studied. The products obtained from the photosensitized (electron transfer) study are 1,1,3,3-tetraphenylpropene (2), 1,3,3-triphenylindene (3), tetraphenylallene (4), and 3-methoxy-1,1,3,3-tetraphenylpropene (8). The product ratios are dramatically dependent upon the reaction conditions, particularly sensitizer (aromatic nitriles, tetracyanoethylene, chloranil, and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone were used), and solvent. The variations in product ratios are attributed to variations in the redox behaviour of the sensitizer radical anion and upon the basicity and nucleophilicity of the medium. The products in the electrochemical study are 3, 4, and 8. Common intermediates have been identified and a mechanism for the formation of products is proposed.

Attempts to Mimic Key Bond-Forming Events Associated with the Proposed Biogenesis of the Pentacyclic Lamellarins

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine C. Axford ◽  
Kate E. Holden ◽  
Katrin Hasse ◽  
Martin G. Banwell ◽  
Wolfgang Steglich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxy Group ◽  
Pyrrole Ring ◽  
Lactone Ring ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Oxidative Cyclization ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Cyclization Reactions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Bond Forming

The pyrrole-tethered veratroles 16 and 27 each engage in PIFA-induced oxidative cyclization reactions to give compounds 22 and 29, respectively, which incorporate a key tricyclic fragment associated with the title natural products. In contrast, the corresponding catechols 11 and 12 only produce polymeric materials on subjection to analogous reaction conditions. Efforts to study lactone ring formation by the oxidative cyclization of catechol 30 and veratrole 38 have been thwarted by an inability to prepare the former substrate and decomposition of the latter. The reported conversions 44 → 45 and 46 → 47 suggest that a C2-carboxy group attached to the pyrrole ring can ‘direct’ the oxidative cyclization of N-tethered aryl groups. The acquisition of compound 22 by the means described herein provides an adventitious and concise route to the racemic modification of the pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline alkaloid crispine A (52).

scholarly journals Voltammetric optimisation of TEMPO-mediated oxidations at cellulose fabric

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 3322-3327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Jin ◽  
Karen J. Edler ◽  
Frank Marken ◽  
Janet L. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Cellulose Fabric ◽  
Optimum Ph

A simple method for rapid voltammetric screening of N-oxyl based mediators and reaction conditions for electrochemical oxidation of cellulose is described. Using immobilised cellulose (cotton cloth) the screening requires small quantities of mediator and yet yields information about relative efficiency of mediator, optimum pH, and preferred buffer identity.

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