Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in twin pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e242712
Author(s):  
Ana Araújo Carvalho ◽  
Cláudia B Silva ◽  
Maria Luísa Martins ◽  
Gonçalo Cassiano Santos
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Postnatal Treatment ◽  
Oral Valganciclovir ◽  
Maternal Administration ◽  
Infected Newborn

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the preeminent congenital viral infections, and despite its potential morbidity, uncertainty about its physiopathology, prevention and treatment remains until now. We report a case of a dichorionic and diamniotic twin pregnancy in which only one of the fetus had signs of being affected. The first twin had prenatal diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction and hyperechogenic bowel, attributable to CMV infection, while there was no evidence of infection of the second one. Prenatal treatment was done with maternal administration of valacyclovir and postnatal treatment of the infected newborn with oral valganciclovir with normal neurodevelopment assessment at 12 months corrected age. In this case, maternal CMV infection was not equally transmitted to both fetuses, suggesting that there may be intrinsic fetal and placental factors influencing both transmission and the clinical features of the infection.

Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Cause of Renal Dysplasia?

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Chan ◽  
Jonathan L. Hecht ◽  
Theonia Boyd ◽  
Seymour Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Renal Dysplasia ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Multicystic Dysplasia

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequently encountered viral infections of the fetus and induces a wide range of histologic and clinical manifestations. Congenital abnormalities are typically restricted to the central nervous system despite evidence of CMV inclusions occurring in most epithelial cells. Although tissue injury and even glomerulonephritis have been observed in congenital CMV infections, renal multicystic dysplasia has not been reported. Herein, we describe a case of unilateral renal dysplasia in a 19-week fetus with concurrent CMV infection. We believe the present case to be the first description of a virus apparently inducing renal multicystic dysplasia.

Severe fetal anaemia caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e244585
Author(s):  
Claudia Salazar-Sanchez ◽  
Pedro Llancarí ◽  
Rommy H Novoa ◽  
Walter Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Fetal Infection

A 22-year-old pregnant woman was referred to our fetal medicine unit due to severe fetal growth restriction at 26 weeks of gestation. An extensive detailed ultrasound revealed signs of bilateral periventricular hyperechogenicity, suggesting fetal infection potentially due to cytomegalovirus (CMV). Doppler ultrasound showed a high peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling confirmed fetal CMV infection and severe fetal anaemia. We present this case to highlight the importance of fetal anaemia, which can be fatal regardless of whether it is associated with generalised oedema or hydrops fetalis.

scholarly journals Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Masquerading as Antenatal Ventriculomegaly With Intraventricular Hemorrhage in a Term Neonate

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Deepanjan Bhattacharya ◽  
B. N. Anil Kumar ◽  
Inusha Panigrahi ◽  
Anupriya Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Term Neonate ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Occipital Horn

Intraventricular hemorrhage is an uncommon manifestation of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and has been described in preterm neonates. We discuss a term neonate, who was referred because of intracranial hemorrhage and hydrocephalous detected in the antenatal ultrasound. She had cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, and thrombocytopenia, with positive polymerase chain reaction for CMV. Neuroimaging revealed reduced sulcation, mildly enlarged ventricles, and multiple periventricular cysts, along with residual hemorrhage in occipital horn of left lateral ventricle. She was started on ganciclovir, following which there was improvement in platelet count, jaundice, as well as transaminase levels.

Oral valganciclovir treatment for congenital cytomegalovirus infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Imamura ◽  
Tatsuo Suzutani ◽  
Hiroshi Ogawa ◽  
Kimisato Asano ◽  
Mika Nomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Oral Valganciclovir

Clinical and epidemiological features of congenital cytomegalovirus infection globally

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy J van Zuylen
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Congenital Cmv Infection ◽  
General Community ◽  
Congenital Cmv

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common non-genetic cause of congenital disability. As a herpesvirus that infects the majority of the population, CMV is able to establish a lifelong latent infection in the host. Any time during pregnancy, a primary CMV infection, reactivation of latent CMV or a new viral strain can infect the placenta and the developing foetus, resulting in congenital CMV infection. Each year, an estimated 2000 children are born with congenital CMV infection in Australia, leaving ~500 children with permanent disabilities such as hearing or vision loss, or mental disability. Despite the clinical importance of congenital CMV, there is limited awareness and knowledge in the medical and general community about congenital CMV infection. This article reviews the global epidemiology and clinical features of maternal and congenital CMV infections.

scholarly journals Low total IgM values and high cytomegalovirus loads in the blood of newborns with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Kobayashi ◽  
Ichiro Morioka ◽  
Tsubasa Koda ◽  
Yuji Nakamachi ◽  
Yoko Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Congenital Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cmv

AbstractNeurological outcomes differ considerably between symptomatic and asymptomatic infants with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Our objective was to characterize laboratory markers in symptomatic newborns in comparison with asymptomatic newborns with congenital CMV infection.Ten newborns with symptomatic and 13 newborns with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection were included in this 3-year prospective cohort study. Total immunoglobulin M (IgM), CMV-IgM, CMV antigenemia, and CMV-DNA in blood and urine were measured and their positive rates and quantitative values compared between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups.Fifty percent of newborns in the symptomatic group were positive based on total IgM; this was significantly lower than in the asymptomatic group (100%). Quantitative total IgM values were significantly lower, and there were significantly more copies of CMV-DNA in the blood of symptomatic newborns than in asymptomatic newborns (median values for total IgM: 14 vs. 43 mg/dL and blood CMV-DNA: 3.2×10Low total IgM values and high blood CMV loads were associated with the presence of symptoms in newborns with congenital CMV infection.

scholarly journals Birth Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a cohort of pregnant women in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Munira Jahan ◽  
Nahida Sultana ◽  
Ridwana Asma ◽  
Shahina Tabassum ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Congenital Cmv Infection ◽  
Cmv Reactivation ◽  
Congenital Cmv

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a frequent cause of congenital infection in humans in all regions of the world. In contrast to most congenital viral infections, congenital CMV infection and disease have been consistently demonstrated in populations with a high seroprevalence. Three hundred pregnant women were studied prospectively in their 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester to determine the seroprevalence and seroconversion of CMV in pregnancy. After birth, babies were also tested for anti CMV IgM to determine the rate of birth prevalence. Anti CMV IgG and IgM tests were performed by chemiluminescence methods. All 300 (100%) pregnant women were anti CMV IgG positive and 180 (60%) were subsequently anti CMV IgM positive during different trimesters of pregnancy. Birth prevalence of CMV IgM antibody was 1.3% among babies of anti CMV IgM positive mothers whereas none in CMV IgM negative mothers (OR 1.01, 95% CI .996-1.027).It may be concluded that CMV IgG seroprevalence is high among Bangladeshi pregnant women and the rate of CMV reactivation is also high during pregnancy. Despite protection by maternal immunity a certain percent of babies acquire congenital CMV infection.

scholarly journals Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection - Lessons from a Clinical Case

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
Zhivka Stoykova ◽  
Liliya Ivanova ◽  
Snejinka Cvetkova ◽  
Diana Yordanova
Keyword(s):  
Latent Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Brain

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a worldwide spread herpes virus that establishes a latent infection after the primary infection. It becomes a major problem in immunocompromised patients and in cases of primary or reactivated infection during pregnancy. CMV is the most common congenital infection and is the leading infectious cause of sensoneural deafness and cerebral mental retardation. Aim: Тo raise the attention to the discordance in our knowledge of cCMV infection and the implementation of the knowledge in prac­tice. Materials and methods: CMV-DNA was extracted from saliva and plasma samples according to the protocol of DNA-Sorb-A, Sacace, Biotechnologies, Italy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using a commercial kit based on the Taq-man principle: Quantitative RT-PCR for CMV-DNA detection (Sacace, Biotechnologies, Italy). The linear range of the CMV Real-TM Quant PCR test is 500-10000000 copies/ml, and the reported sensitivity is 400 copies/ml. Results: The infant was born with clinical manifestations involving development of hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, anemia, mi­crocephaly and simultaneous dilatation of the brain ventricles. CMV infection was confirmed using modern PCR studies. Conclusions: This case highlights the need for specific virological/PCR tests to be performed for all children with the least suspected congenital infection, especially when there is an option of a specific treatment.

scholarly journals Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 3540-3544 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lazzarotto ◽  
B. Guerra ◽  
P. Spezzacatena ◽  
S. Varani ◽  
L. Gabrielli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Better Than

We report here the results of a study on the prenatal diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The study was carried out by both PCR and virus isolation from amniotic fluid (AF) for 82 pregnant women at risk of transmitting CMV for the detection of (i) seroconversion to CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) positivity during the first trimester of pregnancy, (ii) symptomatic CMV infection in the mother during the first trimester of pregnancy or intrauterine growth retardation detected by ultrasound or abnormal ultrasonographic findings suggestive of fetal infections, and (iii) seropositivity for CMV-specific IgM. For 50 women, fetal blood (FB) was also obtained and tests for antigenemia and PCR were performed. The results indicate that AF is better than FB for the prenatal diagnosis of CMV infection. PCR with AF has a sensitivity (SNS) of 100%, a specificity (SPE) of 83.3%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 40%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%; rapid virus isolation with the same material has an SNS of 50%, an SPE of 100%, a PPV of 100%, and an NPV of 94.7%. Fewer than 10% of the women positive for IgM by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) had a congenitally infected fetus or newborn infant. When EIA IgM positivity was confirmed by Western blotting (WB) and the WB profile was considered, the percent transmission detected among women with an “at-risk” profile was higher than that observed among IgM-positive women and was the same as that among women who seroconverted during the first trimester of pregnancy (transmission rates of 29 and 25%, respectively).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document