Proposal and validation of a new grading system for pterygium (SLIT2)

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-315831
Author(s):  
Darren Shu Jeng Ting ◽  
Yu-Chi Liu ◽  
Moushmi Patil ◽  
Angel Jung Se Ji ◽  
Xiao Ling Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Slit Lamp Examination ◽  
Independent Assessment

Background/aimsTo propose and validate a new pterygium grading system based on slit-lamp evaluation.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional study included 217 patients with pterygium. All patients underwent slit-lamp examination, and slit-lamp photographs were independently graded by two graders twice. A total of eight parameters were evaluated and all parameters were assigned with a score of 1–4 (normal–severe). Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability as determined by weighted Cohen’s kappa analysis.ResultsA total of 868 independent assessment, based on 217 slit-lamp images, were performed by two graders. For conjunctival assessment, the intra-rater reliability was excellent for body thickness (κ=0.81–0.89) and size at limbus (κ=0.87–0.92), substantial-to-excellent for body vascularity (κ=0.72–0.86), and moderate-to-excellent for body length (κ=0.57–0.81), whereas the inter-rater reliability was excellent for size at limbus (κ=0.86), substantial for body thickness (κ=0.72–0.73) and body vascularity (κ=0.66–0.75), and moderate for body length (κ=0.54–0.57). For corneal assessment, the intra-rater reliability was excellent for all four parameters (κ=0.84–0.90) whereas the inter-rater reliability was excellent for head length (κ=0.86–0.87), substantial-to-excellent for head vascularity (κ=0.78–0.82), substantial for Stocker’s line (κ=0.79–0.80) and head thickness (κ=0.67–0.69). The grading system was named SLIT2, which included Stocker’s line, Size at limbus, Length of head/body, Injection/vascularity of body/head, and Thickness of body/head.ConclusionThe proposed SLIT2 grading system, consisting of eight components, may serve as a reliable tool to standardise the reporting of pterygium severity and disease recurrence for clinical and research applications.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Subclinical Keratoconus with a Combined Model of Biomechanical and Topographic Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2746
Author(s):  
Antonio Pérez-Rueda ◽  
Diana Jiménez-Rodríguez ◽  
Gracia Castro-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slit Lamp Examination ◽  
Topographic Parameters

This study sought to develop a diagnostic model with aberrometry and biomechanical variables for subclinical keratoconus. The design was a cross-sectional study. The topographic data were obtained with a rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam HR), and biomechanical data were obtained with Corvis ST. The study included 81 eyes distributed in 61 healthy corneas and 20 subclinical keratoconus (SCKC), defined as eyes with suspicious topographic findings, normal slit-lamp examination, and a manifestation of keratoconus. Analyses of the topographic and biomechanical data were performed, and a classifying model of SCKC was elaborated. The model for the diagnosis of SCKC includes posterior coma to 90°, Ambrósio’s Relational Thickness in the horizontal profile (ARTh), and velocity when the air pulse is off (A2 velocity). The sensitivity was 89.5%, specificity 96.7%, accuracy 94.9%, and precision 89.5%. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the model was 0.951. Diagnosis of subclinical keratoconus depends on the aberrometry variable posterior coma to 90° and the biomechanical variables A2 velocity and ARTh.

scholarly journals Inter-Rater Reliability of a Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Scale for Home Care: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 2031-2041
Author(s):  
Masushi Kohta ◽  
Takehiko Ohura ◽  
Kunio Tsukada ◽  
Yoshinori Nakamura ◽  
Mishiho Sukegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Pressure Injury

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20-1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.

scholarly journals Penile Size in Term Neonates in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisu Meskele ◽  
Aman Yesuf ◽  
Bereket Fantahun ◽  
Fikir Meseret
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Penile Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Term Newborns

Abstract Background: Proper genital examination including stretched penile size in neonates is important. Stretched penile size is different from one nation to another nation, it needs a standard for a particular population.Objectives: is to establish the standard penile size for term newborns in Ethiopia.Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on 221 term neonates delivered from March 1, 2020 to July 30, 2020 in St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) Results: The minimum and maximum measured penile length was 2.5, and 5 cm respectively with mean (± SD) of 3.28 ± 0.42. There was a weak positive correlation between stretched penile length and head circumference and body length. Neonates born via instrumental delivery had larger penile length.Conclusion: Mean stretched penile length in our study was 3.28 ± 0.42 cm. Based on our findings, penile length at ±2SD were 2.43 cm and 4.12 cm respectively.

Inter-rater reliability of the Top Down Motor Milestone Test: a cross-sectional study

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Shanker Tedla ◽  
Sailakshmi Ganesan ◽  
Srinadh Katragadda
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Motor Milestone

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.

scholarly journals Pyridinium Crosslinks (Pyd) in the Urine is Associated with Stunting in Neonates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aslis Wirda Hayati ◽  
Alkausyari Aziz ◽  
Siti Rohaiza Ahmad ◽  
Sri Widia Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pyridinium Crosslinks ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Neonates ◽  
Height For Age

Aims: The aim of the research is to evaluate the reliability of bone resorption biomarkers called Pyridinium Crosslinks (Pyd) in the urine of the neonates as an evaluation to bone growth of the neonate, as an indicator of stunting. Study Design:  A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Andini Mothers and Children Hospital (Pekanbaru, Indonesia). Duration of the study was between, August until September 2014. Methodology: Subjects of study were 35 healthy neonates. Subjects were recruited at the first 3 days of life.  Body length gauges, digital weighting scale, family socioeconomic questionnaires and Pyd kit were used to collect the data.  Differences in the mean of the research variables were tested using an Independent t-test.  Results: Results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.01) in terms of height for age and Pyd in the urine of stunted (body length <48 cm) versus normal (body length ≥48 cm) neonates.  The contents of Pyd in the urine of stunted neonates were 982.9±61.6 and normal neonates was 594.1±266.1 nmol/mmol. Conclusion: Therefore, there is a possible association between height for age and Pyd in the urine as a potential early indicators to identify stunted and normal neonates.

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6, 28.0, 15.0, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20–1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68–4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86–6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18–1.99)). Conclusions There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.

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