scholarly journals 332 Leg compartment pressures in collegiate runners: a comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Miller ◽  
Nicholas Early ◽  
Christopher Kaeding
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Pressures

A dual-sensor ultrasound based method for detecting elevated muscle compartment pressures: A prospective clinical pilot study

Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meir T. Marmor ◽  
Jordan P. Barker ◽  
Jacob Matz ◽  
Erin Donohoe ◽  
Matthew J. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dual Sensor ◽  
Muscle Compartment ◽  
Compartment Pressures

Venomous Bites and Stings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Patrick Walker
Keyword(s):  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Tissue Necrosis ◽  
Black Widow ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Bites And Stings ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Compartment Pressures ◽  
Widow Spider

Approximately 8000 persons are bitten by venomous snakes in the US each year.  Mortality is low (4 to 6/yr), but morbidity can be significant, treatment costly. Overuse of surgery and antivenom is common. Simply cutting the wound with attempted aspiration is not indicated. Fasciotomy should only be used for patients with elevated compartment pressures. CroFab is a highly effective (but expensive) treatment useful for serious envenomation. Antivenom should be used in patients with life-threatening symptoms (hypotension, clinical coagulopathy) or rapid advancement of local signs, and to reduce compartment pressures to avoid fasciotomy. The most significant morbidity from insect envenomation is secondary to anaphylaxis. A bite from the black widow spider can induce abdominal cramping and pain that can mimics an acute abdomen. Brown recluse envenomation can produce tissue necrosis and long-term complications. Most events are seen rarely by the average physician; this review can be a useful guide in management.  Key words: antivenom, copperhead bite, CroFab, insect bite, rattlesnake bite, snakebite, water moccasin bite

scholarly journals Forearm compartment pressures and grip strength in elite motorbike racers with chronic exertional compartment syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic P. O’Dowd ◽  
Heike Romer ◽  
Richard Hughes ◽  
Noel Harding ◽  
Samantha Ball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Exertional Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Compartment Pressures ◽  
Forearm Flexor

Abstract Background Remarkably little research has been published on chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the forearm. This study investigated forearm flexor compartment pressure pre- and post-exercise in elite motorbike racers clinically diagnosed with CECS and assessed their grip strength before and after arm pump exercise. Methods Elite motorbike riders with a clinical diagnosis of CECS of the right forearm when racing were recruited during the opening rounds of a British Superbike season. Their grip strength and forearm flexor compartment pressures were measured before and after a set exercise programme. Results Of the 11 riders recruited to the study, 10 completed the full testing regime. The mean pre-exercise forearm compartment pressures [11.7 mmHg (range 7–17 mmHg)] significantly increased post-exercise [30.5 mmHg (range 15–45 mmHg)], with a mean increase of 18.80 mmHg (P < 0.0001). The mean pre-exercise grip strength [50.61 mmHg (range 37–66.7 mmHg)] decreased post-exercise to [35.62 mmHg (range 17.1–52.5 mmHg)], a mean decrease of 14.99 mmHg (P < 0.0001). Conclusion There is a statistically significant increase in the forearm flexor compartment pressures in elite motorbike racers with CECS, but with marked variability of these values. Grip strength decreases statistically significantly following onset of symptoms of CECS of the forearm.

Venomous Bites and Stings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Patrick Walker
Keyword(s):  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Tissue Necrosis ◽  
Black Widow ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Bites And Stings ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Compartment Pressures ◽  
Widow Spider

Approximately 8000 persons are bitten by venomous snakes in the US each year.  Mortality is low (4 to 6/yr), but morbidity can be significant, treatment costly. Overuse of surgery and antivenom is common. Simply cutting the wound with attempted aspiration is not indicated. Fasciotomy should only be used for patients with elevated compartment pressures. CroFab is a highly effective (but expensive) treatment useful for serious envenomation. Antivenom should be used in patients with life-threatening symptoms (hypotension, clinical coagulopathy) or rapid advancement of local signs, and to reduce compartment pressures to avoid fasciotomy. The most significant morbidity from insect envenomation is secondary to anaphylaxis. A bite from the black widow spider can induce abdominal cramping and pain that can mimics an acute abdomen. Brown recluse envenomation can produce tissue necrosis and long-term complications. Most events are seen rarely by the average physician; this review can be a useful guide in management.  Key words: antivenom, copperhead bite, CroFab, insect bite, rattlesnake bite, snakebite, water moccasin bite

Influence of the pressure relief door area and aspect ratio on discharge and force characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Shiyu Feng ◽  
Chenchen Wang ◽  
Xiaotian Peng ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Thrust Coefficient ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moment Coefficient ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Compartment Pressures ◽  
Force Characteristics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of the PRD geometric parameters, including the area and aspect ratio, on the discharge and force characteristics of pressure relief process under various plenum compartment pressures and Mach numbers. Design/methodology/approach Under various plenum compartment pressures and Mach numbers, the effect of the area and aspect ratio on the discharge and force characteristics of the PRD are numerically investigated via a three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations solver based on structured grid technology. Findings When the aspect ratio remains constant, the discharge coefficient CD, thrust coefficient CT and moment coefficient CM are not affected by the PRD. When the area is constant, the aspect ratio dramatically impacts the discharge and force characteristics because the aspect ratio increases, the discharge coefficient CD of the PRD decreases, and the thrust coefficient CT and the moment coefficient CM both increase. When the aspect ratio is 2, the discharge coefficient CD decreases by 14.7 per cent, the thrust coefficient CT increases by 10-15 per cent, and the moment coefficient CM increases by 10-23 per cent compared with when the aspect ratio is 1. Practical implications This study provides detailed data and conclusions for nacelle PRD researchers and actual engineering applications. Originality/value On the basis of considering the influence of operating conditions on the discharge and force characteristics of the nacelle PRD, the impact of geometric parameters, including the area and aspect ratio on the discharge and force characteristics is comprehensively considered.

Forearm compartment pressures: An in vitro analysis of open and endoscopic assisted fasciotomy

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Havig ◽  
Fraser J. Leversedge ◽  
John G. Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Compartment Pressures ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

A Handheld Noninvasive Sensing Method for the Measurement of Compartment Pressures

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Flegel ◽  
K. Singal ◽  
R. Rajamani
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Magnetic Field Measurement ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fluid Compartment ◽  
Combat Casualty ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Compartment Pressures

Compartment syndrome is a major concern in cases of extremity trauma, which occur in over 70% of military combat casualty. Without treatment, compartment syndrome can lead to paralysis, loss of limb, or death. This paper focuses on the development of a handheld sensor that can be used for the non-invasive diagnosis of compartment syndrome. Analytical development of the sensing principle is first presented in which a relation is obtained between the pressure in a fluid compartment and the stiffness experienced by a handheld probe pushing on the compartment. Then a handheld sensor that can measure stiffness of an object without requiring the use of any inertial reference is presented. The handheld sensor consists of an array of three miniature force-sensing spring loaded pistons placed together on a probe. The center spring is chosen to be significantly stiffer than the side springs. The ratio of forces between the stiff and soft springs is proportional to the stiffness of the soft object against which the probe is pushed. Small mm-sized magnets on the pistons and magnetic field measurement chips are used to measure the forces in the individual pistons. Experimental results are presented using an in-vitro test rig that replicates a fluid pressure compartment. The sensor is shown to measure pressure accurately with a resolution of 0.1 psi over the range 0.75 psi to 2.5 psi.

Compartment pressures requiring fasciotomy

Toxicon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. S18
Author(s):  
J. Lund ◽  
T. Peredy ◽  
A. Aleguas
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Pressures
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