scholarly journals Evolution of the burden of active hepatitis C virus infection in England from September 2015 to September 2016: a repeated cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029066
Author(s):  
Laure Lacoin ◽  
Michael Hurst ◽  
Nathan R Hill ◽  
Jason Gordon ◽  
Anna Maria Geretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Cure ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of treatment with new direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on the prevalent hepatitis C virus (HCV) population in England.DesignA repeated cross-sectional analysis.SettingFour secondary care hospitals in England.ParticipantsPatients who, in 2015 and/or 2016, had chronic HCV infection and were alive were eligible, regardless of the type of HCV intervention received.Outcome measuresData including intravenous drug use (IVDU) status, HCV genotype, cirrhosis status, HCV treatment history, vital status and treatment outcomes were collected at two time points in 2015 and 2016 using electronic case report forms.ResultsThere were 1605 and 1355 patients with active chronic HCV in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Between 2015 and 2016, the proportion of patients with current IVDU increased (10.3% vs 14.5%, respectively), while that of patients with cirrhosis (28.2% vs 22.4%) and treatment-experienced patients (31.2% vs 27.1%) decreased. Among patients whose treatment outcome was known by 2016, high cure rates were observed, with an overall sustained virological response rate of 93.2%. From 2015 to 2016, there was a progressive increase in the proportion of treated patients who were non-cirrhotic, with current IVDU and non-liver transplant recipients.ConclusionsThe characteristics of patients with HCV remaining in contact with specialised care evolved with a changing landscape of treatment and related health policy. With increasing access to DAAs in UK, high cure rates were achieved in the study cohort.

scholarly journals Cannabis use and work-related injuries: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 570-577
Author(s):  
J C Zhang ◽  
N Carnide ◽  
L Holness ◽  
P Cram
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cannabis User ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Work Related Injury ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although the association of cannabis use with automobile accidents has been well-studied, the impact of cannabis on workplace safety and injuries is less clear. Aims The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work-related injury and cannabis use in the past year. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2013–16) of working individuals. We used multiple logistic regression modelling to calculate the odds of experiencing a work-related injury (defined as non-repetitive strain injury) among workers who reported using cannabis more than once during the prior 12 months as compared to non-users. We repeated the analysis among participants working in high injury risk occupational groups only. Results Among the 136 536 working participants, 2577 (2%) had a work-related injury in the last 12 months. Of these 2577 who had a work-related injury, 4% also reported being a cannabis user in the same period. We found no association between past-year cannabis use and work-related injury (odds ratio for work injury among users 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.99). The association was unchanged in the subgroup analysis limited to high injury risk occupational groups. Conclusions We found no evidence that cannabis users experienced higher rates of work-related injuries. While awaiting prospective studies, occupational medicine practitioners should take a risk-based approach to drafting workplace cannabis policies.

Prevalence of hepatitis C and B virus among patients infected with HIV: a cross-sectional analysis of a large HIV care programme in Myanmar

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Ko Ko Zaw ◽  
Sai Thein Than Tun ◽  
Aye Thida ◽  
Thet Ko Aung ◽  
Win Maung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Risks of hepatitis C virus reactivation in a real-life population of oncology patients treated in an academic center

2020 ◽  
pp. 107815522096979
Author(s):  
Catherine-Audrey Boutin ◽  
Jean-Philippe Adam ◽  
Dominic Martel ◽  
Stéphane Doucet ◽  
Valérie Martel-Laferrière
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Viral Reactivation ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatic Decompensation ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hepatic Flare

Background Chemotherapy has been associated with a theoretical risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation. However, little is known about the amplitude of viral replication and the incidence of subsequent hepatic exacerbation. Method We aimed to describe the occurrence of hepatitis flare and HCV reactivation at our center. We included, over a period of 5 years, adult patients with chronic HCV receiving intravenous chemotherapy. We excluded patients with undetectable HCV RNA, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver metastases or other etiologies of hepatic disease. The primary objective was to identify hepatic flares (elevation of alanine aminotransferase 3 times above the upper limit of normal). Secondary objectives were to assess viral reactivation (HCVr, HCV-RNA ≥1 log10 IU/mL when compared to baseline value), hepatic decompensation, mortality and the impact on the chemotherapy. Descriptive statistics were used. Results A total of 11 patients with chronic HCV were identified among the 5761 oncology patients. Five patients experienced a hepatic flare with median maximal ALT value of 139 U/L (IQR 133-237). Only 2 patients met criteria for HCVr with a median RNA increase of 1.16 log IU/mL (IQR 1.1-1.2). One patient presented with both HCVr and a hepatic flare. Only one patient required chemotherapy discontinuation following hepatic flare. No hepatic decompensation or related mortality were observed. Conclusion We identified a very small number of HCV cases among our population. We observed HCVr and hepatic flares, but only one consequence on cancer treatment. Nonetheless, HCV screening is encouraged among patients undergoing chemotherapy to allow close follow-up of hepatic function.

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