An evaluation of the performance of XLD, DCA, MLCB, and ABC agars as direct plating media for the isolation of Salmonella enterica from faeces

Detecting internal contamination of eggs with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) is an important aspect of efforts to identify infected laying flocks. When egg contents pools are tested for Salmonella Enteritidis, a preliminary incubation step is often employed to allow small initial populations of contaminants to multiply to more easily detectable numbers. Consistent detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg pools by direct plating requires the presence of at least 105 CFU/ml, whereas some very rapid methods can require as many as 107 CFU/ml. The present study determined the rates at which initial inocula of approximately 10 Salmonella Enteritidis cells multiplied in 10-egg pools, some of which were supplemented with concentrated nonselective enrichment broth or with a source of iron. At 37°C, Salmonella Enteritidis concentrationsin supplemented egg pools usually reached 105 CFU/ml within 12 h and 107 CFU/ml by 12 to 15 h of incubation. At 25°C, Salmonella Enteritidis concentrations in supplemented egg pools typically attained 105 CFU/ml by 18 to 27 h and 107 CFU/ml by 27 to 36 h of incubation. At both temperatures, Salmonella Enteritidis multiplication was significantly slower in unsupplemented pools. Accordingly, the length of incubation time necessary for consistent detection of small numbers of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg contents pools depends on the incubation temperature used, on whether the egg pools are supplemented to increase the rate of bacterial multiplication, and on the sensitivity of subsequent tests applied to the incubated pools.

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Rapid estimation of Salmonella enterica contamination level in ground beef – Application of the time-to-positivity method using a combination of molecular detection and direct plating

Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.fm.2020.103615 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. 103615

Author(s):

Dayna M. Harhay ◽

Margaret D. Weinroth ◽

James L. Bono ◽

Gregory P. Harhay ◽

Joseph M. Bosilevac

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Ground Beef ◽

Contamination Level ◽

Rapid Estimation ◽

Direct Plating ◽

Time To Positivity

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Regulation of the gastrointestinal epithelial cell expression of CFTR protein by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, and its importance to infection and development of typhoid fever

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)83516-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A706-A706

Author(s):

J LYCZAK ◽

G PIER

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cell ◽

Typhoid Fever ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽

Cftr Protein ◽

Cell Expression

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Cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and selected organic acids affect expression of immune related genes in IPEC-J2 cells exposed to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium or Escherichia coli K88

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1352211 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (13) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SA Burt ◽

D Ahad ◽

M Kinjet ◽

RR Santos

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Affect Expression ◽

Immune Related Genes

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ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CULTURE POSITIVE ENTERIC FEVER

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i7.357 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Manish Kulshrestha ◽

Dr. Anjali Kulshrestha

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Blood Culture ◽

Nalidixic Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Enteric Fever ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Bone Marrow Culture ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Culture Positive

INTRODUCTION: Enteric fever includes typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Peak incidence is seen in children 5–15 years of age; but in regions where the disease is highly endemic, as in India, children younger than 5 years of age may have the highest infection rates. There are about 22 million new typhoid cases occur each year. Young children in poor, resource limited areas, who make up the majority of the new cases and there is a mortality figures of 215,000 deaths annually. A sharp decline in the rates of complications and mortality due to typhoid fever is observed as a result of introduction of effective antibiotic therapy since 1950s. MDR-ST became endemic in many areas of Asia, including India soon after multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi (MDR-ST) that were resistant to all the three first-line drugs then in use, namely chloramphenicol, amoxycillin and co-trimoxazole emerged in early 1990s. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Only blood culture or bone marrow culture positive cases were included. The patients with culture isolated enteric fever were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion method using antibiotic discs. The analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out as per CLSI interpretative guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 82 culture positive cases were included in the present study. 80 culture isolates were from blood culture and 2 from the bone marrow culture. Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serovartyphi (S typhi) was isolated from 67 (81.70%) patients while Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarparatyphi (S paratyphi A) was isolated from 13 (15.85%) cases and 2 (2.44%) were Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarschottmuelleri (S paratyphi B). Of the 82 cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid, one (1.2%) case each was resistant to Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, 2 (2.4%) were resistant to chloramphenicol, 10 (12.2%) were resistant and to cotrimoxazole 3 (3.7%) were resistant. CONCLUSION: In a culture positive cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid. Multidrug resistant isolates were 65(79.3%).

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