OP02 Socioeconomic Patterning of fat and lean mass in Later Life: Findings from a British Birth Cohort Study

Abstract Background There is an existing link between two of the most common diseases, obesity and depression. These are both of great public health concern, but little is known about the relationships between the subtypes of these conditions. We hypothesized that non-melancholic depressive symptoms have a stronger relationship with both body composition (lean mass and fat mass) and dysfunctional glucose metabolism than melancholic depression. Methods For this cross-sectional study 1 510 participants from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study had their body composition evaluated as lean mass and fat mass (Lean Mass Index + Fat Mass Index = Body Mass Index). Participants were evaluated for depressive symptoms utilizing the Beck Depression Inventory, and had laboratory assessments including an oral glucose tolerance test. Results Higher than average Fat Mass Index (kg/m2) was associated with a higher percentage of participants scoring in the depressive range of the Beck Depression Inventory (p=0.048). Higher Fat Mass Index was associated with a higher likelihood of having depressive symptoms (OR per 1-SD Fat Mass Index=1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65), whereas higher Lean Mass Index (kg/m2) was associated with a lower likelihood of having depressive symptoms (OR per 1-SD Lean Mass Index=0.76, 95% CI: 0.64-0.91). Participants with an above average Fat Mass Index more frequently had non-melancholic depressive symptoms (p=0.008) regardless of Lean Mass Index levels (p=0.38). There was no difference between the body composition groups in the likelihood of having melancholic depressive symptoms (Fat Mass Index p=0.83, Lean Mass Index p=0.93). The non-melancholic group had higher Fat Mass Index than either of the other groups (p<0.001), and a higher 2-hour glucose concentration than the non-depressed group (p=0.005). Conclusion As hypothesized, non-melancholic depressive symptoms are most closely related to high fat mass index and dysfunctional glucose metabolism.

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Modeling multisystem biological risk in later life: Allostatic load in the lothian birth cohort study 1936

American Journal of Human Biology ◽

10.1002/ajhb.22406 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 538-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Tom Booth ◽

John M. Starr ◽

Ian Deary

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Allostatic Load ◽

Later Life ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Biological Risk ◽

Lothian Birth Cohort

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At 5 years of age daily accelerometry counts were associated with lean mass, appendicular lean mass, and total body BMC in boys but not girls: The FLAME birth cohort study

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2009.01.230 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. S106

Author(s):

A. Goulding ◽

A.M. Grant ◽

S.M. Williams ◽

R.W. Taylor ◽

D.F. Gerrard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Appendicular Lean Mass ◽

Total Body

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Identifying the lifetime cognitive and socioeconomic antecedents of cognitive state: seven decades of follow-up in a British birth cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. e024404 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M Richards ◽

Sarah-Naomi James ◽

Alison Sizer ◽

Nikhil Sharma ◽

Mark Rawle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Life Course ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Later Life ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive State ◽

Occupational Complexity

ObjectivesThe life course determinants of midlife and later life cognitive function have been studied using longitudinal population-based cohort data, but far less is known about whether the pattern of these pathways is similar or distinct for clinically relevant cognitive state. We investigated this for Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination third edition (ACE-III), used in clinical settings to screen for cognitive impairment and dementia.DesignLongitudinal birth cohort study.SettingResidential addresses in England, Wales and Scotland.Participants1762 community-dwelling men and women of European heritage, enrolled since birth in the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development (the British 1946 birth cohort).Primary outcomeACE-III.ResultsPath modelling estimated direct and indirect associations between apolipoprotein E (APOE) status, father’s social class, childhood cognition, education, midlife occupational complexity, midlife verbal ability (National Adult Reading Test; NART), and the total ACE-III score. Controlling for sex, there was a direct negative association betweenAPOEε4 and the ACE-III score (β=−0.04 [–0.08 to –0.002], p=0.04), but not betweenAPOEε4 and childhood cognition (β=0.03 [–0.006 to 0.069], p=0.10) or the NART (β=0.0005 [–0.03 to 0.03], p=0.97). The strongest influences on the ACE-III were from childhood cognition (β=0.20 [0.14 to 0.26], p<0.001) and the NART (β=0.35 [0.29 to 0.41], p<0.001); educational attainment and occupational complexity were modestly and independently associated with the ACE-III (β=0.08 [0.03 to 0.14], p=0.002 and β=0.05 [0.01 to 0.10], p=0.02, respectively).ConclusionsThe ACE-III in the general population shows a pattern of life course antecedents that is similar to neuropsychological measures of cognitive function, and may be used to represent normal cognitive ageing as well as a screen for cognitive impairment and dementia.

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Clustering & trajectories of multimorbidity across the lifecourse: a 70 year birth cohort study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

A R Khanolkar ◽

P Patalay

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Later Life ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Challenge ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Multiple Conditions

Abstract Background Multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases) is increasingly prevalent in ageing populations and presents a public health challenge in successful disease management. Most evidence for multimorbidity at different ages comes from cross-sectional data, hindering understanding the extent and types of multimorbidity across the lifecourse, how they develop and associated risk factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the clustering and patterning of multimorbidity over the lifecourse using one of the longest running national birth cohort studies. Methods This ongoing study is based on the National Survey of Health & Development (NSHD), a birth cohort study following 5,362 individuals born in 1946 with detailed sociodemographic and clinical data collected from 22 waves across the lifecourse till date. This study will investigate the trajectories and clustering of 24 diseases (physical and mental health) and potential differences by sex and socioeconomic status using mixed-effects linear spline modelling. Results Preliminary analyses indicate that as expected, the rates of many conditions increase with age (e.g. 13% obese at age 43 to 31% at age 69), increasing the likelihood of individuals suffering from multiple conditions with age. At age 63, 73% with diabetes had hypertension, increasing to 85% with hypertension at age 69. We will estimate longitudinal trajectories of multimorbidity for individuals and whether the age of onset and rate of accumulation vary by sex, life-period and SES. Given the longitudinal nature of the data, we will investigate the extent to which multimorbidity earlier in the lifecourse predicts the rate of further multimorbidity later in the lifecourse. Conclusions Understanding patterning and trajectories of multimorbidity over the lifecourse and associated inequalities will better inform health care provision planning including appropriate window periods for intervention, specifically for the disadvantaged at higher risk of high multimorbidity. Key messages This is the first study to investigate trajectories of multimorbidity with data from birth to old age. Understanding how early life factors predict later life multimorbidity will better inform healthcare planning.

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