scholarly journals P3.371 Reduction in HPV Prevalence Among Young Women Following Introduction of HPV Vaccine in the United States and Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A265.2-A265
Author(s):  
L E Markowitz ◽  
S Hariri ◽  
C Lin ◽  
E Dunne ◽  
M Steinau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Hpv Prevalence

scholarly journals Vaccine Effectiveness Against Prevalent Anal and Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men—United States, 2016–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (12) ◽  
pp. 2052-2060
Author(s):  
Elissa Meites ◽  
Rachel L Winer ◽  
Michael E Newcomb ◽  
Pamina M Gorbach ◽  
Troy D Querec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background In the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended for young adult men who have sex with men (MSM) since 2011. Methods The Vaccine Impact in Men study surveyed MSM and transgender women aged 18–26 years in 3 US cities during 2016–2018. Self-collected anal swab and oral rinse specimens were assessed for 37 types of HPV. We compared HPV prevalence among vaccinated and unvaccinated participants and determined adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Among 1767 participants, 704 (39.8%) self-reported receiving HPV vaccine. Median age at vaccination (18.7 years) was older than age at first sex (15.7 years). Quadrivalent vaccine-type HPV was detected in anal or oral specimens from 475 (26.9%) participants. Vaccine-type HPV prevalence was lower among vaccinated (22.9%) compared with unvaccinated (31.6%) participants; aPR for those who initiated vaccination at age ≤18 years was 0.41 (CI, 0.24–0.57) and at age >18 years was 0.82 (CI, 0.67–0.98). Vaccine effectiveness of at least 1 HPV vaccine dose at age ≤18 years or >18 years was 59% and 18%, respectively. Conclusions Findings suggest real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination among young adult MSM. This effect was stronger with younger age at vaccination.

scholarly journals Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization in the United States, 2019-2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W Tenforde ◽  
H Keipp Talbot ◽  
Christopher H Trabue ◽  
Manjusha Gaglani ◽  
Tresa M McNeal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Hospital Resources ◽  
Negative Controls

Abstract Background Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality and stresses hospital resources during periods of increased circulation. We evaluated the effectiveness of the 2019-2020 influenza vaccine against influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States. Methods We included adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness at 14 hospitals and tested for influenza viruses by reserve transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in test-positive influenza cases versus test-negative controls, adjusting for confounders. VE was stratified by age and major circulating influenza types along with A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic subgroups. Results 3116 participants were included, including 18% (553) influenza-positive cases. Median age was 63 years. Sixty-seven percent (2079) received vaccination. Overall adjusted VE against influenza viruses was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27-52). VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses was 40% (95% CI: 24-53) and 33% against B viruses (95% CI: 0-56). Of the two major A(H1N1)pdm09 subgroups (representing 90% of sequenced H1N1 viruses), VE against one group (5A+187A,189E) was 59% (95% CI: 34-75) whereas no significant VE was observed against the other group (5A+156K) [-1%, 95% CI: -61-37]. Conclusions In a primarily older population, influenza vaccination was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of hospitalized influenza illness.

scholarly journals Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During the 2016–2017 Season

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S451-S452
Author(s):  
Brendan Flannery ◽  
Jessie Chung ◽  
Arnold S Monto ◽  
Emily T Martin ◽  
Edward Belongia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness

scholarly journals Influenza vaccine effectiveness among patients with high-risk medical conditions in the United States, 2012–2016

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (52) ◽  
pp. 8047-8053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Shang ◽  
Jessie R. Chung ◽  
Michael L. Jackson ◽  
Lisa A. Jackson ◽  
Arnold S. Monto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Medical Conditions

Part-Time Residency Training

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 484-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Fisman ◽  
Lynne Ginsburg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Royal College ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Physicians ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Part Time

The development of part-time training in the United States and Canada is described. The flexibility required for young women physicians who attempt to combine childbearing and career development, together with the increasing number of women entering medicine, underlines the importance of part-time training schedules. A variety of flexible training options have been defined and a set of guidelines has been produced by the Canadian Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons. The experiences of part-time psychiatry residents at Queen's University, Kingston is presented. Thus far this has involved a total of six residents over a four year period, including the authors of this paper. The advantages and disadvantages, viewed from both the resident and system viewpoint, are discussed.

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