scholarly journals P5.089 Confirmation of High Specificity of an Automated ELISA Test For Serological Diagnosis of Syphilis - Results from Confirmatory Testing After Syphilis Screening and Sensitivity Analysis in the Absence of a Gold Standard

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A362.3-A363
Author(s):  
L van Dommelen ◽  
C J P A Hoebe ◽  
F H van Tiel ◽  
C Thijs ◽  
V J Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Confirmatory Testing ◽  
Syphilis Screening

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid approach on neuro-oncology

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (9B) ◽  
pp. 677-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio Rodrigues Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Csf Cytology ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Effective Prophylaxis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Standard Marker

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a major complication of haematological and solid tumors with an incidence that ranges from 10% in solid malignances up to 25% in specific leukaemia or lymphoma subtypes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) patterns are unspecific. Though CSF cytology has a high specificity (up to 95%), its sensitivity is generally less than 50% and no diagnostic gold standard marker is available, yet. New technologies such as flow cytometry, molecular genetics and newer biomarkers may improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, leading to the CNS involvement diagnosis, and consequently, to an effective prophylaxis and successful treatment.

scholarly journals Agreement in the diagnosis of dental fluorosis in central incisors performed by a standardized photographic method and clinical examination

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Castro Martins ◽  
Loliza Chalub ◽  
Ynara Bosco Lima-Arsati ◽  
Isabela Almeida Pordeus ◽  
Saul Martins Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Photographic Method ◽  
Pediatric Dentists

The aim of this study was to assess agreement in the diagnosis of dental fluorosis performed by a standardized digital photographic method and a clinical examination (gold standard). 49 children (aged 7-9 years) were clinically evaluated by a trained examiner for the assessment of dental fluorosis. Central incisors were evaluated for the presence or absence of dental fluorosis and were photographed with a digital camera. Photographs were presented to three pediatric dentists, who examined the images. Data were analyzed using Cohen's kappa and validity values. Agreement in the diagnosis performed by the photographic method and clinical examination was good (0.67) and accuracy was 83.7%. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was reported to be higher in the clinical examination (49%) compared with the photographic method (36.7%). The photographic method presented higher specificity (96%) than sensitivity (70.8%), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.4% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.4%. The diagnosis of dental fluorosis performed using the photographic method presented high specificity and PPV, which indicates that the method is reproducible and reliable for recording dental fluorosis.

scholarly journals Point-of-care ultrasound to diagnose appendicitis in a Canadian emergency department

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Sharif ◽  
Steven Skitch ◽  
Dean Vlahaki ◽  
Andrew Healey
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Delays

ABSTRACTObjectivesAppendicitis is a common surgical condition that frequently requires diagnostic imaging. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosing appendicitis. Ultrasound offers a radiation-free modality; however, its availability outside business hours is limited in many emergency departments (EDs). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the test characteristics of emergency physician-performed point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to diagnose appendicitis in a Canadian ED.MethodsA health records review was performed on all ED patients who underwent POCUS to diagnose appendicitis from December 1, 2010 to December 4, 2015. The sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated. The gold standard used for diagnosis was pathology, laparoscopy, CT scans, and a radiologist-performed ultrasound.ResultsNinety patients were included in the study, and 24 were diagnosed with appendicitis on POCUS. Ultimately, 18 were confirmed to have appendicitis through radiologist-performed imaging, laparoscopy, and pathology. The sensitivity and specificity of POCUS to diagnose appendicitis were 69.2% (95% CI, 48.1%-84.9%) and 90.6% (95% CI, 80.0%-96.1%), respectively.ConclusionPOCUS has a high specificity for diagnosing acute appendicitis and has very similar characteristics to those of a radiologist-performed ultrasound. These findings are consistent with the current literature and have the potential to decrease patient morbidity, diagnostic delays, ED length of stay, and need for additional imaging.

scholarly journals Correction to: Effects of metaperiodate and urea solutions on the serological diagnosis of human sporotrichosis using an indirect ELISA test

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-579
Author(s):  
Letícia Maria Leomil Coelho ◽  
Julianne Caravita Grisolia ◽  
Maria Lúcia ◽  
Míriam Boczar ◽  
Eric Batista Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Serological Diagnosis

scholarly journals Feasibility of Capturing Cancer Treatment Data in the Utah All-Payer Claims Database

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Hashibe ◽  
Judy Y. Ou ◽  
Kimberly Herget ◽  
Dan Bolton ◽  
Jordan McPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Health Care Information ◽  
Claims Database ◽  
Cancer Registry Data ◽  
Treatment Data

Purpose Incompleteness of treatment data is a recognized limitation of cancer registry data. An all-payer claims database (APCD) is a tool that states use to capture health care information across systems and payer. We linked the Utah Cancer Registry (UCR) records to Utah’s statewide APCD and evaluated how this linkage led to improvements in the capture of cancer treatment information. Methods We linked cancers diagnosed and reported to the UCR with Utah APCD claims for the calendar years 2013 and 2014 using LinkPlus Software. For patients with breast or colorectal cancers, manual abstraction was completed to provide a gold-standard comparison for the treatment data obtained from the claims. Results Among 10,759 reportable cancer occurrences linked to the APCD, the claims identified additional patients with cancer who received therapies that had been unknown to the registry, increasing the proportion treated with chemotherapy from 23.7% to 27.6%, hormone therapy from 14.1% to 18.8%, immunotherapy from 4.3% to 13.2%, and radiation therapy from 24.9% to 27.5%. The APCD increased the sensitivity of treatment variables compared with the abstraction gold standard. Notably, sensitivity of hormonal therapy for breast cancer increased from 78.6% to 95.2% when augmented with APCD claims data. However, the APCD alone did not achieve as high specificity for treatment data as did the data collected through traditional registry methods. Conclusions This is the first study, to our knowledge, showing that linking cancer registry data with a statewide claims database that covers multiple insurance companies improves cancer treatment data collection. Linking of cancer registry and APCD data can improve comprehensiveness of cancer registry treatment data.

scholarly journals Nested-PCR using MPB64 fragment improves the diagnosis of pleural and meningeal tuberculosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz C. Martins ◽  
Ilma A. Paschoal ◽  
Angela Von Nowakonski ◽  
Silvana A.B. Silva ◽  
Fernando F. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Tuberculous Pleural Effusion ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Meningeal Tuberculosis ◽  
Gold Standards

Fluids in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis are seldom found, such as pleural and cerebrospinal liquids, are good candidates to be studied using PCR techniques. We detail our experience with a PCR assay applied to pleural and cerebrospinal fluids using the primer MPB64. Seventy three specimens were analyzed: 30 pleural fluids (PF), 26 pleural biopsies (PB) and 17 cerebrospinal fluids (CSF). The gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis was the positive culture for M. tuberculosis in CSF. Tuberculous pleural effusion was diagnosed when cultures of PF and/or PB were positive for M. tuberculosis, or the PB histology showed granulomas. Our results, compared to the gold standards employed, showed a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 88%, positive predictive value of 82% and negative predictive value of 80%. The high specificity of the MPB64 fragment while still retaining a good sensitivity makes it very well suited for pleural and cerebrospinal tuberculosis diagnosis.

scholarly journals Diagnostic tests for tuberculous lymphadenitis: fine needle aspirations using tissue culture in mycobacteria growth indicator tube and tissue PCR

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakpoom Supiyaphun ◽  
Somying Tumwasorn ◽  
Nibondh Udomsantisuk ◽  
Somboon Keelawat ◽  
Wilailuck Songsrisanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Open Biopsy ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Indicator Tube ◽  
Moderate Sensitivity ◽  
Growth Indicator

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) ranges from therapeutic diagnosis to open biopsy with tissue culture. The open biopsies are accepted as the gold standard to diagnose TBLN, but it requires skin incision that leaves unwanted scars. Objective: Test the sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration (FNA) using tissue culture in mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) and tissue polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for comparison with open biopsy using tissue culture. Subject and methods: Forty patients with clinically suspected cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis were recruited at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The patients underwent FNA followed by open biopsies either excisional or incisional. Specimens from FNA were collected for tissue culture in MGIT and for tissue PCR. The specimens from open biopsies were divided into two portions for tissue culture in MGIT (the gold standard) and for hispathology. Results: FNA for tissue culture in MGIT had a moderate sensitivity (65%) but high specificity (83%) (73% positive and 76% negative predictive value). FNA for tissue PCR had a moderate sensitivity (53%) but very high specificity (96%) (90% positive and 73% negative predictive values). Combination of either FNA for tissue culture or FNA tissue PCR revealed an increase in sensitivity and specificity to 83.6% and 80.0%, respectively. However, a combination of both FNA for tissue culture and FNA tissue PCR revealed a decrease in sensitivity (34.5%) but a highly increase in specificity (99.0%). Conclusion: Either the FNA using tissue culture in MGIT or tissue PCR had a moderate sensitivity but high specificity. FNA using tissue culture or FNA tissue PCR may be used as an alternative test for diagnosis TBLN. The techniques may replace the open biopsies because of its effectiveness and low complication rate.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of APRI and FIB-4 for Confirming Cirrhosis in Indonesian HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy Yunihastuti ◽  
Bramantya Wicaksana ◽  
Adrian Wiraguna ◽  
Ainum Jhariah Hidayah ◽  
Fhadilla Amelia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Apri Score ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract BackgroundAfter successful of antiretroviral therapy, highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA) make HCV elimination reasonable in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. However, in achieving this target, there are still barriers to start DAA treatment, particularly in the area of liver fibrosis assessment that determine the duration of therapy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients using hepatic transient elastography (TE) as gold standard.MethodThis is an retrospective study on HIV/HCV co-infected patients who concomitantly performed hepatic TE measurement, APRI, and FIB-4 evaluation before HCV treatment initiation at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta from 2014 to 2019. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of indirect biomarkers for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 12.5 kPa was determined by receiver operator characteristics curves. Results233 HIV/HCV co-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy were included, of whom 91.5% were male with mean age of 37 (SD 5) years. Only 28.7% of patients were classified as cirrhosis (F4). Using TE as gold standard (≥12.5 kPa), the low threshold of APRI (1) had specificity 95%, sensitivity 48.4%, correctly classified 81.6% of patients, with moderate performance, AUROC at 0.72 (95% CI 0.63-0.80). The optimal cut-off of FIB-4 was 1.66 [specificity 92.5%, sensitivity 53.1%, AUROC at 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.81)] and correctly classified 81.1% of the patients.ConclusionAPRI score > 1 and FIB-4 score > 1.66 had moderate performance with high specificity in diagnosing cirrhosis. These biochemical markers could be used while TE is not available.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of APRI and FIB-4 for Confirming Cirrhosis in Indonesian HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy Yunihastuti ◽  
Bramantya Wicaksana ◽  
Andrian Wiraguna ◽  
Ainum Jhariah Hidayah ◽  
Fhadilla Amelia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Apri Score ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background After successful of antiretroviral therapy, highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA) make HCV elimination reasonable in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. However, in achieving this target, there are still barriers to start DAA treatment, particularly in the area of liver fibrosis assessment that determine the duration of therapy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients using hepatic transient elastography (TE) as gold standard.Method This is a retrospective study on HIV/HCV co-infected patients who concomitantly performed hepatic TE measurement, APRI, and FIB-4 evaluation before HCV treatment initiation at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta from 2014 to 2019. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of indirect biomarkers for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 12.5 kPa was determined by receiver operator characteristics curves. Results 223 HIV/HCV co-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy were included, of whom 91.5% were male with mean age of 37 (SD 5) years. Only 28.7% of patients were classified as cirrhosis (F4). Using TE as gold standard (≥12.5 kPa), the low threshold of APRI (1) had specificity 95%, sensitivity 48.4%, correctly classified 81.6% of patients, with moderate performance, AUC at 0.72 (95% CI 0.63-0.80). The optimal cut-off of FIB-4 was 1.66 [specificity 92.5%, sensitivity 53.1%, AUC at 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.81)] and correctly classified 81.1% of the patients.Conclusion APRI score > 1 and FIB-4 score > 1.66 had moderate performance with high specificity in diagnosing cirrhosis. These biochemical markers could be used while TE is not available.

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