scholarly journals Presence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia and uterine tumours in older pet pigs in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000924
Author(s):  
Paul Wood ◽  
Jon L Hall ◽  
Matthew McMillan ◽  
Fernando Constantino-Casas ◽  
Katherine Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
The Uk

Experience in farm animal referral centres in the UK has shown an increase in the number of pigs being presented for age-related problems. These include obesity, arthritis, skin disorders, overgrown tusks and overgrown claws. Seven pigs presented over a 7-year period to two university veterinary teaching hospitals in the UK with clinical signs including behavioural change, abnormal vaginal discharge, inappetence and abdominal distension that was found to localise to the reproductive tract. Histology of the reproductive tract found cystic endometrial hyperplasia (n=7) and uterine tumours (n=4) following ovariohysterectomy (n=4) or postmortem examination (n=3). Tumours identified were leiomyoma (n=1), fibroleiomyoma (n=1) and leiomyosarcoma (n=2).

scholarly journals Progressing the care, husbandry and management of ageing mice used in scientific studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Michael JA Wilkinson ◽  
Colin Selman ◽  
Lynn McLaughlin ◽  
Linda Horan ◽  
Lindsay Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Prior Information ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
End Points ◽  
Default Time ◽  
Background Strain ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Point

Driven by the longer lifespans of humans, particularly in Westernised societies, and the need to know more about ‘healthy ageing’, ageing mice are being used increasingly in scientific research. Many departments and institutes involved with ageing research have developed their own systems to determine intervention points for potential refinements and to identify humane end points. Several good systems are in use, but variations between them could contribute to poor reproducibility of the science achieved. Working with scientific and regulatory communities in the UK, we have reviewed the clinical signs observed in ageing mice and developed recommendations for enhanced monitoring, behaviour assessment, husbandry and veterinary interventions. We advocate that the default time point for enhanced monitoring should be 15 months of age, unless prior information is available. Importantly, the enhanced monitoring should cause no additional harms to the animals. Where a mouse strain is well characterised, the onset of age-related enhanced monitoring may be modified based on knowledge of the onset of an expected age-related clinical sign. In progeroid models where ageing is accelerated, enhanced monitoring may need to be brought forward. Information on the background strain must be considered, as it influences the onset of age-related clinical signs. The range of ageing models currently used means that there will be no ‘one-size fits all’ solution. Increased awareness of the issues will lead to more refined and consistent husbandry of ageing mice, and application of humane end points will help to reduce the numbers of animals maintained for longer than is scientifically justified.

Chronic uterine abscess in a Bolivian grey titi monkey (Plecturocebus donacophilus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e001138
Author(s):  
Sarrah Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Titi Monkey ◽  
Titi Monkeys ◽  
Uterine Abscess

An 11-year-old, reproductively active female Bolivian grey titi monkey (Plecturocebus donacophilus) in a zoological institution was presented for abdominal distension without concurrent clinical signs. Physical examination and imaging studies detected a uterine mass. Preoperative bloodwork revealed anaemia and hyperglobulinaemia. Hysterectomy was performed, but the patient died under anaesthesia. Histopathological examination found a chronic uterine abscess with effacement of the uterine wall and generalised inflammation consistent with sepsis. This case documents an uncommon reproductive tract lesion in a New World primate, and demonstrates the value of routine reproductive health monitoring in non-human primates, as not all pathologies will have clinical signs perceptible by caretakers. Earlier diagnosis may have resulted in an improved outcome in this case. Uterine abscess could be a differential diagnosis in cases of abdominal mass effect or distension in female titi monkeys.

scholarly journals Pyometra in the bitch

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
H. VERVERIDIS (Χ. ΒΕΡΒΕΡΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
C. BOSCOS (Κ. ΜΠΟΣΚΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Abdominal Radiography ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Prostaglandin F2a

Pyometra is the final stage of a developing cystic endometrial hyperplasia. The aetiopathogenesis remains unresolved. Repeated barren oestrus cycles, excessive use of progestins or oestrogens as well as a bacterial infection of the endometrium contribute to the development of pyometra. Pyometra sould be suspected if, a post-estrous, usually aged bitch is presented with a varying degree of depression, inappétence, polydipsia, polyuria, dehydration, abdominal distension, manifesting or not an abnormal vulvar discharge. Abdominal radiography or ultrasonograpy can confirm the diagnosis. Laboratory findings prove to be helpful in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Ovariohysterectomy is the treatment of choice along with proper fluid and antimicrobial therapy for aged or severely ill bitches or for those with low breeding value. Medical treatment with Prostaglandin F2a combined with bactericidal antibiotics can be recommended, provided that the bitch is young, of high breeding value and with mild clinical signs.

scholarly journals Mixed-methods process evaluation of SafeTea: a multimedia campaign to prevent hot drink scalds in young children and promote burn first aid

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2020-043909
Author(s):  
Laura Elizabeth Cowley ◽  
C Verity Bennett ◽  
Isabelle Brown ◽  
Alan Emond ◽  
Alison Mary Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Multifaceted Intervention ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesSafeTea is a multifaceted intervention delivered by community practitioners to prevent hot drink scalds to young children and improve parents’ knowledge of appropriate burn first aid. We adapted SafeTea for a national multimedia campaign, and present a mixed-methods process evaluation of the campaign.MethodsWe used social media, a website hosting downloadable materials and media publicity to disseminate key messages to parents/caregivers of young children and professionals working with these families across the UK. The SafeTea campaign was launched on National Burns Awareness Day (NBAD), October 2019, and ran for 3 months. Process evaluation measurements included social media metrics, Google Analytics, and quantitative and qualitative results from a survey of professionals who requested hard copies of the materials via the website.ResultsFindings were summarised under four themes: ‘reach’, ‘engagement’, ‘acceptability’ and ‘impact/behavioural change’. The launch on NBAD generated widespread publicity. The campaign reached a greater number of the target audience than anticipated, with over 400 000 views of the SafeTea educational videos. Parents and professionals engaged with SafeTea and expressed positive opinions of the campaign and materials. SafeTea encouraged parents to consider how to change their behaviours to minimise the risks associated with hot drinks. Reach and engagement steadily declined after the first month due to reduced publicity and social media promotion.ConclusionThe SafeTea campaign was successful in terms of reach and engagement. The launch on NBAD was essential for generating media interest. Future campaigns could be shorter, with more funding for additional social media content and promotion.

scholarly journals What families in the UK use to manage attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a survey of resource use

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000771
Author(s):  
Philippa Fibert ◽  
Clare Relton
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveTo identify interventions being used to manage attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the UK.DesignA survey within the Sheffield Treatments for ADHD Research project. A convenience sample of participants in the UK who consented to join an observational cohort were asked closed questions about medication, behavioural change programmes and service use, and an open-ended question about what else they used.SettingA broad variety of non-National Health Service, non-treatment seeking settings throughout the UK, including local authority organisations, schools, ADHD and autism spectrum condition support groups and social media.ParticipantsFamilies of children aged 5–18 with carer reported ADHD and Conners Global Index (CGI) T scores of 55+.ResultsResponses from 175 families were analysed. The mean age of the children was 10.21 (2.44), and two-thirds (n=114) had additional diagnoses. The majority used medications to manage ADHD (n=120) and had participated in a parenting class (n=130). Just over a quarter (28%, n=49) did not use ADHD medications, and used sleep medications. Just under half had consulted psychologists (n=83), and 32 had participated in other talking therapies such as psychotherapy, counselling and cognitive–behavioural therapy. A few used aids such as reward charts or fiddle toys (n=17) and participated in activities (mostly physical) (n=14). A substantial minority (78/175) had used non-mainstream treatments, the most popular being homoeopathy (n=32), nutritional interventions (n=21) and bodywork such as massage or cranial osteopathy (n=9).ConclusionsFamilies reported use of a wide variety of treatments to help with management of their children with ADHD in addition to their use of mainstream treatments.

scholarly journals Questionnaire survey assessing the leisure-time physical activity of hospital doctors and awareness of UK physical activity recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A Cuthill ◽  
Martin Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Scottish Population ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Activity Recommendations

ObjectiveThe UK Government Physical Activity Recommendations suggest that adults should aim for 150 min of physical activity each week to maintain health. We assessed the total volume, frequency, intensity and type of exercise taken by hospital doctors in association with their specialty, age and knowledge of the specific components of the recommendations.MethodsAn anonymous paper-based questionnaire was distributed to doctors working in the two largest teaching hospitals in Glasgow. 332 questionnaires were analysed with a response rate of 60.3%.Results239 (72%) doctors felt they exercised regularly with 212 (63.9%) meeting the recommended volume of cardiovascular activity, similar to an age and sex-matched cohort of the general Scottish population. Only 78 (23.5%) doctors achieved the recommended muscle-strengthening activities. 108 (35.5%) doctors were aware recommendations for activity existed but only 45 (13.6%) were able to state the recommended duration of activity per week. Doctors who were aware of the recommendations were more likely to personally achieve them (OR 1.802, 95% CI 1.104 to 2.941) although other additional factors may contribute.ConclusionAlthough this was a small study in two hospitals, our results suggest that hospital doctors are as active as the general public in the UK of a similar age. Eight years after implementation, knowledge of specific components of the current physical activity recommendations remains poor. Efforts to improve this prior to graduation, combined with improving confidence and competence in counselling practices and enhancing the opportunities for doctors to exercise, could translate into improved healthcare promotion.

The archaeology of osteoporosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Turner-Walker ◽  
Unni Syversen ◽  
Simon Mays
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Medieval Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
The Uk

The application of medical scanning technologies to archaeological skeletons provides novel insights into the history and potential causes of osteoporosis. The present study investigated bone mineral density (BMD) in medieval skeletons from England and Norway. Comparisons between the two adult populations found no statistically significant differences. This compares with a modern fracture incidence for the femoral neck in women from Norway that is almost three times that in the UK. The pattern of age-related bone loss in medieval men was similar to that seen in men today. In contrast, the pattern in medieval women differed from that of modern young women. On average, medieval women experienced a decrease in BMD at the femoral neck of approximately 23 per cent between the ages of 22 and 35. These losses were partially recovered by age 45, after which BMD values show a decline consistent with post-menopausal bone loss in modern western women. A possible explanation of the rapid decline in BMD in young medieval women is bone loss in connection with pregnancy and lactation in circumstances of insufficient nutrition.

Diffuse annular fusiform adenocarcinoma in a dog

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Prater ◽  
B Flatland ◽  
SJ Newman ◽  
DP Sponenberg ◽  
J Chao
Keyword(s):  
Large Bowel ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Colonic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
German Shepherd Dog ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion

Canine colonic intestinal adenocarcinoma typically presents as rectal polypoid or annular stenotic masses causing clinical signs consistent with large bowel disease. This report discusses an unusual case of intestinal adenocarcinoma in an 11-year-old, neutered male German shepherd dog presented for evaluation of anorexia, profuse watery diarrhea, and weight loss. In this dog, colonic adenocarcinoma diffusely infiltrated the entire large bowel and caused an annular fusiform lesion, as confirmed by endoscopic biopsies and postmortem examination. Other unique features included a paucity of desmoplasia associated with the neoplastic lesion and widespread metastasis to regional lymph nodes, lung, and prostate.

Safety and efficacy of nurse led intravitreal injection service with Precivia® injection assist device

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110609
Author(s):  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Panayiotis Maghsoudlou ◽  
Hani Hasan ◽  
Allaaeldin Abumattar ◽  
Nimish Shah
Keyword(s):  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Intravitreal Injections ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Uk

Introduction Intravitreal anti-VEGF injections are the most frequently performed outpatient procedure in the UK. Ophthalmic allied healthcare professionals are replacing medical professionals in delivering injections nationwide. The use of injection assist devices such as Precivia® has been well established and increasingly adopted to aid in their safe delivery. We present outcomes of nurse-led intravitreal injections using the Precivia® injection assist device over a five-year period in the UK. Methods A retrospective review was completed of all anti-VEGF intravitreal injections delivered at the Great Western Hospital between May 2015 and May 2020. Results Over the five-year study period, 2318 patients underwent a total of 26,923 intravitreal injections; 20,421 (75.8%) of which were delivered by appropriately trained ophthalmic nurses. The annual number of injections increased year-on-year from 2112 injections in 2015-2016 to 5410 injections in 2019-2020. The mean age of patients was 75.7±12.2 years with a female-to-male ratio was 1.17:1. Wet age-related macular degeneration represented the major indication for injections followed by retinal vein occlusion and diabetic maculopathy respectively. Three cases of post-injection endophthalmitis out of 20,421 (0.015%) injections in nurse injection group were identified during the study period. There were no cases of lens touch, retinal detachment or systemic thromboembolic events. Conclusion Use of the Precivia® intravitreal injection assist device by trained ophthalmic allied health professionals is a safe and cost-effective way to deliver intravitreal injections service.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document