scholarly journals Acute effect of multiple sets of fatiguing resistance exercise on muscle thickness, echo intensity, and extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Taniguchi ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Noriaki Ichihashi
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Acute Increase

Resistance exercise (RE) causes an acute increase of the muscle thickness (MT) considered to relate to an increase in tissue water content. Segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (S-BIS) is a tool used to noninvasively assess intra- and extra-cellular water (ICW and ECW, respectively) of a given limb segment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the change of MT, ultrasound echo intensity (EI), ICW, and ECW after 3 sets of exhaustive RE. Eighteen untrained young males (age, 25.4 ± 4.1 years) performed RE consisting of 3 sets of knee extension concentric and eccentric contractions with 80% of 1-repetition maximum to failure. The MT and EI of the quadriceps measured by ultrasonography, and ECW/ICW ratio of the thigh assessed by S-BIS before (baseline) and after each set of RE (PostEx1, 2, and 3). The changes (Δ) in MT, EI, and ECW/ICW ratio were calculated as values of PostEx minus baseline values. The values of MT, EI, and ECW/ICW ratio at PostEx3 were significantly higher than baseline (effect size: MT, 1.11; EI, 0.47; and ECW/ICW ratio, 0.45). In addition, ΔMT was significantly and moderately correlated with ΔECW/ICW ratio (r = 0.61). Integrated data showed weak but significant correlation between ΔEI and ΔECW/ICW ratio as well (r = 0.31). The present results suggest multiple sets of exhaustive knee extension RE induce the acute increase of EI and ECW/ICW ratio as well as MT. The acute increase of muscle size after exercise can be at least partly explained by relative ECW increase.

Unique Characteristics of Quadriceps Muscle Morphology and Function in Older Tennis Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Moroe Beppu ◽  
Naoki Chosa ◽  
Kohei Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Vastus Intermedius

We investigated the quadriceps muscle size and quantitative characteristics in older tennis players. Thirty-eight senior tennis players (70.8 ± 5.3 years) and 38 controls (71.6 ± 5.1 years) were included. To measure the muscle size and quality, we measured muscle thickness in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and muscle echo intensity in the RF and vastus lateralis using B-mode transverse ultrasound, respectively. We measured knee extension peak torque for muscle function. Muscle thickness in the RF, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were significantly larger in tennis players than in controls. Tennis players had a lower echo intensity in RF and a higher knee extension peak torque compared to controls. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis implied that echo intensity and muscle thickness were predictors of knee extension peak torque. Higher muscle quality contributes to a higher knee extension peak torque in tennis players. Playing tennis may prevent age-related muscle atrophy and maintain muscle quality in older individuals.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise Order on the Number of Repetitions Performed to Failure and Perceived Exertion in Untrained Young Males

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Romano ◽  
José Vilaça-Alves ◽  
Helder M. Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Saavedra ◽  
Gabriel Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Essential Variable ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Exercise order is an essential variable of resistance training (RT) programs which is usually related to repetition performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of different resistance exercise order on the number of repetitions performed to failure and related ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Thirteen male adolescents (age: 14.46 ± 1.39 years, body height: 165.31 ± 12.75 cm, body mass: 58.73 ± 12.27 kg, estimated body fat: 21.32 ± 2.84%), without previous experience in RT, performed four resistance exercises: incline leg press (ILP), dumbbell lunge (DL), bench press (BP) and lying barbell triceps extension (TE) in two sequences - Sequence A (SEQA): ILP, DL, BP and TE; sequence B (SEQB): ILP, BP, DL and TE. The exercise sequences were performed in a randomized crossover design with a rest interval of 72h between sessions. Within-subjects analysis showed significant differences in the number of repetitions performed to failure in both sequences, but not in the RPE. Post-hoc tests revealed significant decrements in the number of repetitions from the first to the remaining exercises in both sequences. However, pairwise comparisons did not indicate significant differences between the same exercises performed in different sequences. In conclusion, the results of the current study in adolescents suggest that the main exercises should be performed at the beginning of the RT session.

Quadriceps Thickness and Echo Intensity Predict Gait Independence in Individuals with Severe and Mild Hemiparetic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Maeda ◽  
Ken Imada ◽  
Koji Ishida ◽  
Hiroshi Akima
Keyword(s):  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Paretic Limb ◽  
Hemiparetic Stroke

Introduction: Smaller muscle size and higher adipose tissue ratio of the quadriceps femoris are often observed after stroke. However, it is unclear whether muscle size and the intramuscular fat ratio of the quadriceps measured with ultrasonography (US) reflect gait independence in individuals with mild or severe hemiparetic stroke. Objective: The present study was performed to examine the relationships of gait independence with muscle thickness (MT) and echo intensity (EI) of the quadriceps femoris in individuals with hemiparesis after stroke. Methods: We examined 43 individuals with hemiparetic stroke. We assessed functional independence measure (FIM) gait scores and measured thickness and EI of the quadriceps using US. The relationships of FIM gait scores with MT and EI were examined using Spearman’s correlation coefficients in mild (n = 21) and severe (n = 22) hemiparetic stroke groups. Results: In the mild hemiparetic group, FIM gait scores were correlated with paretic limb MT (rho = 0.60, p < 0.01) and EI (rho = −0.57, p < 0.01). In the severe hemiparetic group, FIM gait scores were correlated with paretic limb MT (rho = 0.67, p < 0.01) and EI (rho = −0.43, p < 0.05), as well as non-paretic limb MT (rho = 0.86, p < 0.01) and EI (rho = −0.56, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Quadriceps thickness and EI were associated with the degree of gait independence. Atrophy and increased intramuscular fat of the quadriceps may be limiting factors for achieving gait independence.

An examination of changes in skeletal muscle thickness, echo intensity, strength and soreness following resistance exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Yitzchaki ◽  
Wenyuan G. Zhu ◽  
Tayla E. Kuehne ◽  
Ecaterina Vasenina ◽  
Scott J. Dankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Echo Intensity

Increased Muscle Size and Strength From Slow-Movement, Low-Intensity Resistance Exercise and Tonic Force Generation

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Michiya Tanimoto ◽  
Akane Ohgane ◽  
Kiyoshi Sanada ◽  
Motohiko Miyachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Slow Movement ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Thigh Muscle Thickness ◽  
Normal Speed

The authors investigated the effects of low-intensity resistance training on muscle size and strength in older men and women. Thirty-five participants (age 59–76 yr) were randomly assigned to 2 groups and performed low-intensity (50% of 1-repetition maximum) knee-extension and -flexion exercises with either slow movement and tonic force generation (LST; 3-s eccentric, 3-s concentric, and 1-s isometric actions with no rest between repetitions) or normal speed (LN; 1-s concentric and 1-s eccentric actions with 1-s rests between repetitions) twice a week for 12 wk (2-wk preparation and 10-wk intervention). The LST significantly increased thigh-muscle thickness, as well as isometric knee-extension and -flexion strength. The LN significantly improved strength, but its hypertrophic effect was limited. These results indicate that even for older individuals, the LST can be an effective method for gaining muscle mass and strength.

The Acute Effects of Androstenedione Supplementation in Healthy Young Males

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Ballantyne ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Jay R. Macdonald ◽  
Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
J. Duncan Macdougall
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Key Words Testosterone ◽  
Heavy Resistance Exercise

We examined the effects of androstenedione supplementation on the hormonal profile of 10 males and its interaction with resistance exercise. Baseline testosterone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and androstenedione concentrations were established by venous sampling at 3 hr intervals over 24 hr. Subjects ingested 200 mg of androstenedione daily for 2 days, with second and third day blood samples. Two weeks later, they ingested androstenedione or a placebo for 2 days, in a double-blind, cross-over design. On day 2, they performed heavy resistance exercise with blood sampled before, after, and 90 min post. The supplement elevated plasma androstenedione 2-3-fold and luteinizing hormone ∼70% but did not alter testosterone concentration. Exercise elevated testosterone, with no difference between conditions. Exercise in the supplemented condition significantly elevated plasma estradiol by ∼83% for 90 min. Androstenedione supplementation, thus, is unlikely to provide male athletes with any anabolic benefit and, with heavy resistance exercise, elevates estrogen. Key Words: testosterone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, fluid shifts, resistance exercise

scholarly journals Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Size and Function: Exploring the Influence of Aging and Exercise Training

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Jeremy P. Loenneke
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sphincter Muscle ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi Muscle ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi ◽  
And Function

The orbicularis oculi muscle is the sphincter muscle of the eyelids that blinks and closes the eyes. In this review, our aim was threefold: (1) to introduce the performance characteristics of blinking activity in young and older adults, (2) to discuss the influence of aging on the orbicularis oculi muscle in healthy adults, and (3) to provide information about the effect of facial exercise training on the orbicularis oculi muscle. To achieve the purpose of this review, a search using two electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) and a search engine (Google Scholar) was conducted. The amplitude and peak velocity of spontaneously blinking behavior, which is an index of muscle function of the orbicularis oculi, appear to be affected by aging. The muscle thickness of the orbicularis oculi tends to be low in older adults, but there are issues that need to be examined further, such as differences in sex and measurement positions. There was no study on the effect of exercise training; however, the results of a highly trained man indicate that the orbicularis oculi muscles might elicit muscle hypertrophy through non-traditional resistance exercise.

Relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass and thickness using bioelectrical impedance analysis and ultrasound imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ryo Miyachi ◽  
Nana Koike ◽  
Suzu Kodama ◽  
Junya Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Trunk Muscle Strength

BACKGROUND: Although trunk muscles are involved in many important functions, evaluating trunk muscle strength is not an easy task. If trunk muscle mass and thickness could be used as indicators of trunk muscle strength, the burden of measurement would be reduced, but the relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass and thickness has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis and trunk muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging in healthy adults. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-one healthy university students were included in this study. Trunk flexion/extension muscle strength and trunk muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and trunk muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging were measured. RESULTS: Both trunk flexion strength and trunk extension strength were significantly correlated with trunk muscle mass and oblique and rectus abdominis muscle thickness. Multiple regression analysis showed that trunk extension muscle strength had an independent relationship with trunk muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that trunk muscle mass or trunk muscle thickness can be used as an alternative means for evaluating trunk muscle strength, making the evaluation of trunk muscles less burdensome.

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