Taxonomic aspects of Peronosporaceae inferred from Bayesian molecular phylogenetics

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 672-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Göker ◽  
H Voglmayr ◽  
A Riethmüller ◽  
M Weiß ◽  
F Oberwinkler
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
New Genus ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Downy Mildews

We present the results of a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of parts of the nuclear 28S rDNA of a representative sample of the Peronosporales. Peronospora s.l. is shown to be paraphyletic. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, several species of the genus Peronospora are transferred to Hyaloperonospora. Plasmopara oplismeni appears to be related only distantly to the other Plasmopara species, and is transferred to the new genus Viennotia based on molecular, morphological, and ecological evidence. The remaining Plasmopara species are likely to be paraphyletic with respect to Bremia, Paraperonospora, and Basidiophora. Phytophthora is shown to be paraphyletic with respect to the obligatory biotrophic genera. Evidence for the assumption that obligatory biotrophism arose independently at least twice in Peronosporales is demonstrated.Key words: LSU rDNA, Straminipila, Peronosporomycetes, Peronosporales, downy mildews, Bayesian phylogenetic analysis.

A new genus of Lysitermini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Lysiterminae) from Madagascar and its taxonomic placement based on 28S rDNA sequence data

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1461 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY A. BELOKOBYLSKIJ ◽  
ALEJANDRO ZALDIVAR-RIVERÓN ◽  
VIRGINIA LEÓN-REGAGNON ◽  
DONALD L.J. QUICKE
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Rdna Gene ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence

A new genus and species of Lysitermini, Atritermus pedestris Belokobylskij, Zaldivar-Riverón & Quicke, are described from Madagascar. The taxonomic placement of the new genus within Lysiterminae is discussed based on a phylogenetic analysis using 28S rDNA gene sequences. A key to world genera of Lysitermini is provided.Un nuevo género y especie de Lysitermini, Atritermus pedestris Belokobylskij, Zaldivar-Riverón & Quicke, son descritos para Madagascar. La ubicación taxonómica del nuevo género dentro de Lysiterminae es discutida con base en un análisis filogenético usando secuencias del gen ribosomal 28S. Se presenta una clave para los géneros de Lysitermini del mundo.

Convergence with naticids: phenotypic phylogenetic study on some Antarctic littorinoideans, with description of the zerotulid new genusPseudonatica, and its presence in Brazil (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365-1381
Author(s):  
Luiz Ricardo L. Simone
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Oesophageal Gland ◽  
Phenotypic Characters

Some Antarctic littorinoideans have a remarkable convergence with Naticoidea in shell and operculum features. Two naticid-like species of that group are studied in their phenotypic features in order to improve their taxonomy and to discuss the meaning of that convergence, as the former are herbivore-detritivore and the latter active predatory organisms. One of the studied species is the littorinidLaevilacunaria antarctica(Martens, 1885). The other belongs to a new genus –Pseudonatica, with the type species also newly described:P. antarctica, the genus is tentatively placed in Zerotulidae. Another Pseudonatica is also described,P. ampullarica, based only on shells collected by Marion-Dufresne French expedition off Brazilian coast, this finding expands the occurrence of zerotulids northwards. Besides the similarities of shell and operculum, other structures of these Antarctic species also show singular similarities with naticoideans, such as the wide foot, the complexity of opercular attachment in pedal opercular pad, the wide oesophageal gland, and the coiled arrangement of the pallial oviduct. The phenotypic characters were coded and inserted in a previous large phylogenetic analysis on Caenogastropoda (Simone, 2011), furnishing a wide basis for discussion on the characters, taxonomic position, evolution and adaptations of these organisms.

Cryptophaea, a new genus of byssoid Arthoniaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) and its phylogenetic position

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
DRIES VAN DEN BROECK ◽  
DAMIEN ERTZ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Phylogenetic Position

Cryptophaea, a new corticolous lichen genus, is described from the Congo basin as belonging to the cryptothecioid Arthoniaceae. It is characterized by (1) maculiform, tomentose, brownish ascomata lacking a distinct exciple, (2) the absence of a distinct hamathecium of paraphysoids, (3) a byssoid crustose thallus with a trentepohlioid photobiont, (4) greyish to brown (sub)muriform ascospores and (5) the presence of parietin, an anthraquinone, absent in the other cryptothecioid Arthoniaceae. At this moment the new genus is represented by only one species, Cryptophaea phaeospora sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis of mtSSU and RPB2 sequences shows Cryptophaea as sister genus to Glomerulophoron in the cryptothecioid Arthoniaceae.

Deniquelata barringtoniae gen. et sp. nov., associated with leaf spots of Barringtonia asiatica

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIRAN A. ARIYAWANSA ◽  
SAJEEWA S.N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
SAMANTHA C.KARUNARATHNE ◽  
EKACHAI CHUKEATIROTE ◽  
ALI H. BAHKALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pathogenicity Testing

Deniquelata barringtoniae gen. et sp. nov. (Montagnulaceae) forms numerous ascomata on distinct zonate leaf spots of Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). We isolated this taxon and sequenced the 18S and 28S nrDNA. The result of phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S nrDNA sequence data indicate that the genus belongs in the family Montagnulaceae, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota. The ascomata are immersed, dark brown to black, with bitunicate asci and brown, muriform ascospores. Deniquelata is distinguished from the other genera in Montagnulaceae based on its short, broad, furcate and pedicellate asci, verruculose ascospores with short narrow pseudoparaphyses with parasitic naturee and this is also supported by molecular data. A new genus and species is therefore introduced to accommodate this taxon. We used isolates of this species to show via pathogenicity testing that the taxon is able to cause leaf spots when leaves are pin pricked.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of the Anomura (Decapoda, Crustacea): Spermatozoa and spermatophore morphological evidence

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Tudge
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Clade

A phylogenetic analysis of selected anomuran, thalassinidean, and other decapod crustacean taxa, based on spermatozoal ultrastructural characters and spermatophore morphological characters, was performed and the following relationships of the taxa are elucidated from the trees produced. The Anomura are not a monophyletic assemblage, with the lomoid Lomis being exclusive of the remainder of the anomuran taxa, and the thalassinid Thalassina included in the anomuran clade. The synapomorphy joining the majority of the conventional anomuran taxa (Lomis excluded) is the cytoplasmic origin of the microtubular arms. When the palinurid and thalassinoid representatives are separately designated as outgroups, the Astacidea and Brachyura jointly formed a sister group to the Anomura. The superfamilies Thalassinoidea, Paguroidea, and Galatheoidea are not monophyletic groups. In all analyses the anomuran families Coenobitidae and Porcellanidae each form a monophyletic group. The paguroid family Diogenidae is paraphyletic, with the genera Clibanarius and Cancellus separate from a single clade containing the remaining diogenid genera. The families Paguridae and Parapaguridae form a monophyletic clade with the exception of Porcellanopagurus. The two representatives of the family Chirostylidae (Eumunida and Uroptychus) fail to associate with the other species in the Galatheoidea. The taxa in the family Galatheidae are not a monophyletic assemblage. The only investigated hippoid Hippa is portrayed as the sister group to the remainder of the anomuran taxa (with the exception of Lomis).

Bradynema listronoti n. sp. (Nematoda: Allantonematidae), a parasite of the carrot weevil Listronotus oregonensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Quebec, Canada

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Thomas ◽  
Guy Boivin ◽  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Robin Giblin-Davis ◽  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Listronotus Oregonensis ◽  
Carrot Weevil ◽  
Shared Characteristic

AbstractBradynema listronoti n. sp. was collected from the haemocoel of adults and the environment of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis in Quebec, Canada. It is the first species of Bradynema to be reported from weevils and is described and illustrated herein. Bradynema listronoti n. sp. appears to be closest to B. trixagi because of the shared characteristic of a peloderan bursa in males which is not present in the other seven described species in the genus. Bradynema listronoti n. sp. can be differentiated from all members of the genus by the possession of a degenerate, but sometimes visible, stylet remnant, non-degenerate pharynx in males and by the often dorsally-curved C-shaped body (ventral side is convex) of parasitic females. The vestigial stylet in all stages argues for placement of B. listronoti n. sp. within the genus Bradynema, but some characteristics, such as a non-degenerate pharynx in males, suggest placement in a new genus or affinities with other genera in the Allantonematidae, e.g., Allantonema. Molecular analysis of the near full length SSU, D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rDNA and partial mitochondrial DNA COI (mtCOI) suggest that this nematode is unique and D2/D3 analysis supports monophyly with B. rigidum, the only other member of the genus to be sequenced.

Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Cathrine Scheen ◽  
Victor A. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Lineage ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Geographically Isolated

The genus Leucas R.Br. includes 100 recognized species ranging in distribution from Africa through the Indian subcontinent to Queensland, Australia. Morphological cladistic studies have suggested that several other genera of Lamioideae – Acrotome, Isoleucas, Leonotis, and Otostegia (pro parte) – may be closely related to Leucas, or even nested within it. Here we use phylogenetic analysis of three plastid DNA loci, the trnL–F region, trnS–G spacer, and the rps16 intron and reach similar conclusions. Many of the morphological features used to maintain Leucas since 1810 are shared ancestral (symplesiomorphic) characters. The other genera (or subgeneric group in the case of Otostegia) are therefore defined by apomorphic states. This is particularly apparent in the case of Leonotis, with its highly specialized bird-pollinated flowers, derived within a paraphyletic and insect-pollinated Leucas. Some geographically isolated groups are monophyletic, including all Asian species of Leucas, a Socotran clade, and a large African lineage.

A new genus and species of Ptyctodont (Placodermi) from the Late Devonian Gneudna Formation, Western Australia, and an analysis of Ptyctodont phylogeny

2009 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATE TRINAJSTIC ◽  
JOHN A. LONG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dorsal Spine ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
New Genus And Species

AbstractAn almost complete but predominantly disarticulated ptyctodont fish, Kimbryanodus williamburyensis n. gen., n.sp. from the Late Devonian Gneudna Formation, is described. The fossils occur as three-dimensionally preserved isolated plates, and this has allowed the reconstruction of the fish. A taxonomic revision of the ptyctodonts was undertaken based on recently described Australian taxa and new reconstructions of Australian, American and European specimens. The phylogenetic analysis supports a threefold division of the ptyctodonts, with Rhamphodopsis being the most basal taxon and the other ptyctodonts divided into those possessing a median dorsal spine, spinal plate and simple V-shaped overlap of the anterior lateral and anterior dorsolateral plates and those taxa which do not.

Phylogenetic relationships in Hypomyces and allied genera, with emphasis on species growing on wood-decaying homobasidiomycetes

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1756-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Põldmaa ◽  
Ellen Larsson ◽  
Urmas Kõljalg
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Evidence

To infer phylogenetic relationships among species of Hypomyces (Fr.) Tul and allied genera, partial sequences of the 28S rDNA were obtained for 21 strains representing 19 species. On the basis of these data and 38 sequences obtained from GenBank, phylogenetic analyses were performed using the programs PAUP and Pee-Wee. Hypomyces appears to be paraphyletic, with species having wet-conidial phialidic anamorphs more closely related to other genera. Hypomyces chrysostomus Berk & Broome is a sister group to the clade that includes species of Aphysiostroma Barrasa et al., Arachnocrea Moravec, and Hypocrea Fr. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, a new genus, Sporophagomyces, is described for Hypomyces chrysostomus and two allied species. Hypomyces broomeanus Tul. forms one clade with species of Sphaerostilbella Sacc. and is transferred to this genus. The recognition of Arachnocrea is justified. The integration of Cladobotryum Nees species that are not known to undergo sexual reproduction with Hypomyces species that possess Cladobotryum anamorphs receives strong support, but the whole complex of these species appears to be paraphyletic. However, constraint trees, which require monophyly of all these ana- and pleo-morphic species, do not appear significantly less likely than the other trees obtained under maximum likelihood or parsimony criteria. For the remaining species of Hypomyces, four distinct lineages are distinguished.

scholarly journals Out of Xanthopygus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): escape from polyphyly

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1071 ◽  
pp. 83-107
Author(s):  
Stylianos Chatzimanolis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Restricted Sense ◽  
Group A

Xanthopygus as currently defined is the largest genus in the subtribe Xanthopygina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) with 40 described species. However, the genus is poorly defined, morphologically heterogeneous and previous studies have questioned whether it is a natural group. A morphological (51 characters) Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was performed to test whether Xanthopygus is a monophyletic group. The analysis indicated that Xanthopygus was polyphyletic, and therefore species were split into four different genera. Xanthopygus nigricornis Scheerpeltz was transferred to Oligotergus as Oligotergus nigricorniscomb. nov. and Xanthopygus skalitzkyi (Bernhauer) was transferred to Styngetus as Styngetus skalitzkyicomb. nov. A new genus, Photinopygusgen. nov. was erected to accommodate the majority of the species previously in Xanthopygus and Xanthopygus sensu novo is used in a new restricted sense to accommodate the remaining species. Diagnostic features are provided to distinguish species in the genera Photinopygus and Xanthopygus from each other and all other Xanthopygina genera.

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