Effect of seed mass on early seedling growth of five eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) families under contrasting light environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1645-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C Parker ◽  
Thomas L Noland ◽  
Andrée E Morneault
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The strong influence of seed mass on early seedling growth of forest tree species is well established, but the ecological role of intraspecific variation in seed mass on natural regeneration is poorly understood. Wide variation in initial spatial patterns of natural regeneration of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) between managed and undisturbed white pine forests of the Great Lakes region of North America has been attributed to differences in understory light levels and the frequency of substrates suitable for germination and seedling establishment. To explore the potential influence of seed mass on these observed patterns, the interaction of seed mass and light on early growth of white pine was investigated in a greenhouse study. Seedlings of five half-sib families differing in mean seed mass were grown for 8 and 14 weeks under moderate and low light conditions representing managed and undisturbed pine stands, respectively. Family differences in seedling biomass and root system development under each light environment were associated with positive, linear relationships with mean seed mass. Family and seed mass had a comparatively weak influence on biomass partitioning and relative growth rate. Moderate light improved seedling growth regardless of seed mass, but relative expression of seed mass effects on seedling traits was unaffected by light environment. These results suggest differential recruitment of white pine in managed and undisturbed stands is unrelated to variation in seed mass.Key words: biomass allocation, eastern white pine, greenhouse experiment, natural regeneration, relative growth rate, seed mass.

GROWTH OF CORN SEEDLINGS: EFFECTS OF NIGHT TEMPERATURE UNDER OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE OR UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GRZESIAK ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
S. B. ROOD ◽  
S. FRHYMAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Cool Night

Emergence and early seedling growth of two corn hybrids, Stewart 2300 and B73 × Mo17, were studied in growth cabinets in which night temperatures ranged from 5 to 20 °C. Emergence was more rapid at higher night temperatures and the two hybrids had relatively constant growing degree day (base temperature of 3 °C) requirements to reach 80% emergence. Both leaf area and dry matter increased most rapidly under 15 °C night temperatures and relative growth rate and net assimilation rate decreased with lower night temperatures when moisture was adequate. Under drought conditions, however, night temperature had little effect on growth rate. These findings indicate that cool night temperatures lead to reductions in photosynthesis. The finding that drought reduces the effects of cool night temperature is consistent with the theory that photosynthesis is reduced after cool nights because stomatal opening is inhibited by a temperature-induced water deficit.

Comparison of the seed germination and early seedling growth of soybean in saline conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khajeh Hosseini ◽  
Alison A. Powell ◽  
Ian J. Bingham
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Embryonic Axis ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Saline Solutions ◽  
Paper Towels

Germination and seedling growth of soybean (Glycine maxL.) cv. Williams were examined on paper towels pre-moistened with a range of saline solutions (germination: 0–500 mMolal NaCl; seedling growth: 0–330 mMolal NaCl). The Na+, K+and Ca2+concentrations in the embryonic axis immediately before germination and in the seedling 3.5 d after germination were measured. Germination decreased at NaCl concentrations of 330 mMolal (81% germination) and above. At 420 mMolal NaCl, only 40% of seeds germinated, and at 500 mMolal NaCl there was no germination. Seedling growth rate decreased drastically with increasing salinity. At 220 mMolal NaCl, seedling growth rate had declined to 5% of the control, whereas at 330 mMolal NaCl seedling growth was almost zero 3–4 d after germination. Thus, soybean seeds were more tolerant of salinity in the germination than in the seedling phase. The results suggest that the greater tolerance of salinity during the germination phase might, in part, be the result of a lower sensitivity to high tissue Na+concentrations. Germination (40%) was possible at a tissue Na+concentration in the embryonic axis of 9.3 mg g FW-1, whereas seedling growth was completely inhibited at a tissue Na+concentration of 6.1 mg g FW-1. Germination at higher tissue Na+concentrations was associated with higher K+and Ca2+concentrations in the embryo axis, compared with growing seedlings, suggesting that these ions may protect the seeds in the pre-germination phase against salinity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seedling Size Following Germination Using Computer-aided Analysis of Digital Images from a Flat-bed Scanner

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Geneve ◽  
Sharon T. Kester
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Cellulose Film ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Flat Bed Scanner

Early seedling growth rate can be used to estimate seed vigor for small-seeded vegetable and flower seeds. However, hand measurement of small seedlings is tedious and difficult to reproduce among analysts. Computer-aided analysis digital images of seedlings should improve accuracy and reproducibility. A flat-bed scanner fitted with base and top lighting provided high resolution images of even small-seeded species like petunia [Petunia ×hybrida `Blue Picotee' (Hort) Vilm.] and lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum `Mariachi Pure White' (Raf.) Shinn]. Uniform lighting was provided and images were captured and analyzed in less than 2 minutes. A clear, cellulose film was used as the germination substrate in petri dish germination assays to facilitate capturing images with a flat-bed scanner. The transparent medium permitted seedlings to be imaged without removal from the petri dish and also allowed for repeated measures of the same seedlings in order to calculate growth rate. Six species evaluated in this study included cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L., var. Botrytis), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `New Yorker'), pepper (Capsicum annuum L. `North Star'), impatiens [Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. `Impact Lavender'], vinca [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. `Little Bright Eye'], and marigold (Tagetes patula L. `Little Devil Flame'). For germination and early seedling growth, the cellulose film compared favorably with other standard germination media (blue blotter and germination paper) for five of the six species tested. Computer analysis of seedling length was possible for all six species and was statistically similar to hand measurements averaged for three analysts.

scholarly journals Regenerating eastern white pine: A cooperative research approach

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Burgess ◽  
S. Wetzel ◽  
F. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Brush Control

A 27-ha field study was set up in 1994 within the Petawawa Research Forest near Chalk River, Ontario with input and support from local research scientists, forest managers and forest technicians. The study was designed to examine the effects of partial cutting, site preparation and underplanting in natural eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) stands. A complete randomized block experimental design was followed with four replicates. Three thinning (control, one-crown and two-crown spacing) and four site preparation (control, scarification, brush control using herbicide, and both scarification and brush control using herbicide) treatments were applied. Natural regeneration and planted seedling survival and growth, soil nutrient availability and other environmental factors are being monitored and recorded. Early results have contributed to the development of a new provincial silvicultural guide and a prototype expert decision support system for white pine management. Research activities are evaluated and coordinated with field practices each year through the development of formal collaborative agreements, meetings, joint workshops and field tours. On-site staff is helping to collect field data and provide fire protection. The site has served as a field demonstration area for people interested in white pine ecosystem management. The study is described within the FERN network of sites on the Internet. Key words: eastern white pine, Pinus strobus, natural regeneration, understory planting, multidisciplinary field research, forest research sites

The Absorption of Fenitrothion During Germination of Stratified and Nonstratified White Pine Seeds and Identification of Metabolites Formed

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hallett ◽  
R. Greenhalgh ◽  
P. Weinberger ◽  
R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Germinated Seeds ◽  
Methyl Phenyl

White pine seeds, P. strobus were treated with a 1.5 × 10−4 M solution of fenitrothion, 0,0-dimethyl-0-(4-nitro-3-methyl-phenyl)-phosphorothioate. The seed coat, endosperm, and embryo were monitored for residues of the insecticide and metabolites during germination and early seedling growth. Absorption and accumulation of fenitrothion, and accumulation of fenitro–oxon, and S-methyl fenitrothion were demonstrated in the endosperm and embryos of germinated seeds and seedlings. Neither the parent compound not its metabolites adversely affected the later development of the pine seedlings.

Effects of salinity on seedling emergence and early seedling growth of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295
Author(s):  
R. Vihotogbé ◽  
C. Watson ◽  
R. Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
F. Wichern ◽  
B. Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis
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