The Absorption of Fenitrothion During Germination of Stratified and Nonstratified White Pine Seeds and Identification of Metabolites Formed

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hallett ◽  
R. Greenhalgh ◽  
P. Weinberger ◽  
R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Germinated Seeds ◽  
Methyl Phenyl

White pine seeds, P. strobus were treated with a 1.5 × 10−4 M solution of fenitrothion, 0,0-dimethyl-0-(4-nitro-3-methyl-phenyl)-phosphorothioate. The seed coat, endosperm, and embryo were monitored for residues of the insecticide and metabolites during germination and early seedling growth. Absorption and accumulation of fenitrothion, and accumulation of fenitro–oxon, and S-methyl fenitrothion were demonstrated in the endosperm and embryos of germinated seeds and seedlings. Neither the parent compound not its metabolites adversely affected the later development of the pine seedlings.

Carbohydrate mobilisation in germinating seed of Enterolobium contortisiliquum and Peltophorum dubium (Fabaceae), two tropical trees used for restoration

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Marina Belloni Veronesi ◽  
Kelly Simões ◽  
Nelson Augusto dos Santos-Junior ◽  
Marcia Regina Braga
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Impermeable Seed Coat ◽  
Early Seedling Development

Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. and Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) are two leguminous species native to Brazil that are frequently used to restore degraded areas. Seed of E. contortisiliquum are exalbuminous, whereas seed of P. dubium have a mucilaginous endosperm and both are orthodox, dormant and have a water-impermeable seed coat. There is little information about the dynamics of their germination and understanding this process is important for propagation, conservation and satisfactory practices for restoration of degraded areas. Thus, in this study we evaluated and compared the carbohydrate mobilisation of the seed of both species during germination and early seedling development. Data obtained showed differences in the composition and in the mobilisation of the storage carbohydrates in the studied species. Whereas the main storage of the E. contortisiliquum embryo is starch, the main reserve found in P. dubium is the galactomannan stored in the endosperm. The carbohydrates first hydrolysed in both species are raffinose family oligosaccharides that are used in the embryo development during germination. Starch found in cotyledons of E. contortisiliquum or accumulated after galactomannan degradation in the embryo of P. dubium is not used during germination and early seedling growth in either species.

Effect of seed mass on early seedling growth of five eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) families under contrasting light environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1645-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C Parker ◽  
Thomas L Noland ◽  
Andrée E Morneault
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The strong influence of seed mass on early seedling growth of forest tree species is well established, but the ecological role of intraspecific variation in seed mass on natural regeneration is poorly understood. Wide variation in initial spatial patterns of natural regeneration of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) between managed and undisturbed white pine forests of the Great Lakes region of North America has been attributed to differences in understory light levels and the frequency of substrates suitable for germination and seedling establishment. To explore the potential influence of seed mass on these observed patterns, the interaction of seed mass and light on early growth of white pine was investigated in a greenhouse study. Seedlings of five half-sib families differing in mean seed mass were grown for 8 and 14 weeks under moderate and low light conditions representing managed and undisturbed pine stands, respectively. Family differences in seedling biomass and root system development under each light environment were associated with positive, linear relationships with mean seed mass. Family and seed mass had a comparatively weak influence on biomass partitioning and relative growth rate. Moderate light improved seedling growth regardless of seed mass, but relative expression of seed mass effects on seedling traits was unaffected by light environment. These results suggest differential recruitment of white pine in managed and undisturbed stands is unrelated to variation in seed mass.Key words: biomass allocation, eastern white pine, greenhouse experiment, natural regeneration, relative growth rate, seed mass.

Effects of salinity on seedling emergence and early seedling growth of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295
Author(s):  
R. Vihotogbé ◽  
C. Watson ◽  
R. Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
F. Wichern ◽  
B. Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

scholarly journals The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sujuan Shi ◽  
Lulu An ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko ◽  
Zia Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.

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