TAXONOMY OF PLANTAGO L. IN NORTH AMERICA: SECTIONS HOLOPSYLLIUM PILGER, PALAEOPSYLLIUM PILGER, AND LAMPROSANTHA DECNE.

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Considerable Confusion ◽  
The One

The taxonomy, chromosome numbers, distribution, and notes on phytogeography of the one introduced and the six native North American Plantago species in sections Holopsyllium Pilger, Palaeopsyllium Pilger, and Lamprosantha Decne. are presented. Although there has been considerable confusion among the species Plantago eriopoda Torr., P. tweedyi Gray, and P. canescens Adams, this investigation demonstrates that they can be readily separated and that each has a distinctive geographical distribution. Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Schlecht., P. cordata Lam., P. eriopoda Torr., P. tweedyi Gray, P. sparsiflora Michx., and P. media L. were found to have 24 somatic chromosomes and P. canescens Adams, 12.

Coccomyces papillatus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
North American ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Pinus Wallichiana

Abstract A description is provided for Coccomyces papillatus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: The ecology of this fungus is completely unknown. SHERWOOD (1980) noted strong similarities with Coccomyces strobi (IMI Descriptions No. 1292), which is known to occur on brittle dead attached twigs of native North American five-needled pines in North America and some European countries to which they have been introduced. This habitat is often associated with endobionts involved in self-pruning ecosystems which later fruit on dead twigs, best exemplified by Colpoma quercinum on Quercus and C. crispum on Picea (IMI Descriptions Nos 942. 1333), and Therrya fuckelii and T. pini on Pinus (IMI Descriptions Nos 1297, 1298) and it is tempting to speculate that C. papillatus too will prove to occupy this sort of niche. HOSTS: Pinus wallichiana (twig). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Pakistan. TRANSMISSION: Not known. Presumably by air-borne ascospores released in humid conditions.

Chromosome numbers from pollen in some North American Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2637-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Chinnappa ◽  
L. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
The One ◽  
Basic Numbers

Chromosome counts for eight species of Impatiens from North American populations have been determined from herbarium specimens. The chromosome number n = 10 for I. ecalcarata Blank, is a new report. It is apparent from the present survey that there are at least three basic numbers (n = 7, 10, and 13) represented in North America as opposed to the one (n = 10) suggested by the earlier workers.

Rhagoletis indifferens. [Distribution map].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
North American ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rhagoletis indifferens Curran Diptera: Tephritidae Western cherry fruit fly, North American Cherry fruit fly. Attacks Prunus avium and sometimes P. virginiana, P. salicina and P. subcordata Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, British Columbia, USA, California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.

Chromosome numbers and sexual compatibility in North America of Rorippa sylvestris (Cruciferae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Mulligan ◽  
Derek B. Munro
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Sexual Compatibility ◽  
Intraspecific Crossing

Tetraploid (2n = 32), pentaploid (2n = 40), and hexaploid (2n = 48) plants of Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser (Cruciferae) and a natural pentaploid (2n = 40) interspecific hybrid, R. sylvestris × R. palustris (L.) Besser, are recorded for North America. These counts are compared with published information on European plants. Tetraploids are most common in Europe (68 vs. 20%), whereas hexaploids are most common in North America (65 vs. 29%). Although self-incompatible R. sylvestris rarely sets seed in nature, indicating that plants within most sites are genetically the same clone, intraspecific crossing data, chromosome information, and field observations indicate that North American R. sylvestris results from the vegetative introduction of many different genotypes.

Epistemological Importance and Fluted Points: An Observation

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Shawn D. Haley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Fluted Points ◽  
Over Time

The earliest cultures of North America produced exquisitely made fluted projectile points. Over time, projectile points became progressively more crude in form and workmanship. A common explanation for this apparent regression is that native North American stone workers “lost the art of fine flint knapping.” This hypothesis is questioned and an alternative offered. It is suggested that regression had not occurred. Rather, there had been a shift in epistemological importance away from projectile points into more relevant areas for those more recent cultures. Points simply were no longer important to them.

STUDIES ON SOLIDAGO L.: IV. THE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF CERTAIN TAXA OF THE GENUS SOLIDAGO

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean R. Beaudry ◽  
Denise L. Chabot
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Basic Number ◽  
Western North America

The authors report the chromosome numbers of 25 taxa of the genus Solidago which had not yet been studied from this standpoint, and review the literature. The chromosome numbers of 42 taxa have now been published. The basic number of the genus is nine. Thirty-three taxa are diploid (2n = 18), five are tetraploid (2n = 36), three are aggregate taxa containing both diploid and tetraploid cytodemes, and one is hexaploid (2n = 54). Polyploidy has thus contributed to the evolution of the genus Solidago but it seems that most of the species have differentiated gradually. S. decemflora DC. of western North America differs from S. nemoralis Ait. of the same continent by morphological characters, its geographical distribution, and its chromosome number, the first taxon being tetraploid and the second diploid; the two are thus good species and not only varieties of the same species. The S. rigida of authors is an aggregate made up of two entities which are distinguished not only by their morphology and geographical distribution but also by their chromosome numbers; the eastern one (S. rigida L.) is tetraploid, whereas the western one (S. parvirigida Beaudry) is diploid. The bog and marsh goldenrods, S. Purshii and S. uliginosa, also possess different chromosome numbers, the first being diploid and the second tetraploid.

scholarly journals Cosmology and Native North American Mystical Traditions

Théologiques ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-142
Author(s):  
John A. Grim
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
North American ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Indigenous Nations ◽  
First Peoples ◽  
Dynamic Performances

ABSTRACT Different indigenous nations in North America provide examples of mystical participation in the processes of creation. Some observers dismiss native communities as fragmented or romantically reimaged as "ecological Indians", yet, the tenacity of their religious insights deserve attention. Intellectually framed in images of interactions between specific peoples with particular geographical places, these images are also embedded in dynamic performances. This paper presents a comparative study of mystical paths among First Peoples in which personal and communal symbols fuse psychic, somatic, and social energies with local landscapes. Experienced as synesthetic intuitions, these images are made more conscious in rituals. These dynamic performances link words, actions, sounds, sights, and sensory observations. Ritualized expressions of native mystical life are themselves interpretive reflections back upon the personal, communal, spiritual, and ecological realms from which they emerge. Native American religious ways, thus, are lifeway complexes that address the limits and problems of the human condition, and foster mature mystical understanding.

Hypoderma rubi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

Abstract A description is provided for Hypoderma rubi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: This species has been reported on leaves, petioles and twigs of a wide range of woody plants, mostly dicotyledons, but even including one species of conifer. The principal host, however, and the one on which it is most commonly collected, is Rubus. DISEASE: Hypoderma rubi usually fruits only after the apparently normal senescence and death of the host plant, but on Rubus idaeus and related species ascocarp initials are occasionally found developing on current year's living floricanes in pale spots surrounding the point of peduncle attachment. The fruit on affected panicles is frequently then aborted, and it has been surmised that in these cases the fungus enters the biennial cane at the end of the first season through the petioles of senescent deciduous leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe and North America, apparently also occurring in temperate South America and Asia. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.

Speciation and hybridisation in North American quillworts

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carl Taylor ◽  
Neil T. Luebke ◽  
Mary B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spore Formation ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Natural Hybrids ◽  
Natural Hybridisation

SynopsisSpecies of Isoetes in northeastern North America may have evolved through hybridisation and allopolyploidy. Evidence for natural hybridisation was obtained from overlapping distribution patterns, abortive and polymorphic spore formation, chromosome numbers ranging from diploid to decaploid, and additive enzyme electrophoresis profiles. The ease with which hybrids form in culture supports the hypothesis that natural hybrids occur and that hybridisation could be involved in the evolution of new species.

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