Copper requirement of a copper-tolerant isolate of Scenedesmus and the effect of copper depletion on tolerance

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1817-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stokes ◽  
S. I. Dreier
Keyword(s):  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Zinc Tolerance ◽  
Original State ◽  
High Copper ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Copper Depletion ◽  
Copper Tolerant

A copper-tolerant isolate of Scenedesmus from Sudbury, Ontario, cultured in medium completely lacking copper, lost its ability to grow at high copper concentrations after 10 generations. The change was sudden in onset and relatively rapid. The algae had previously been maintained on medium with micronutrient levels of copper and had retained their tolerance over 7 years of laboratory culture.The tolerance of the copper depleted cells to nickel and cobalt also decreased. Their tolerance to cadmium and silver was unchanged by copper depletion. The situation for zinc tolerance was less clear, but there was no significant decrease over the range tested.When copper-depleted cells were cultured in complete medium with micronutrient levels of copper, copper tolerance increased after four divisions and recovered to the original state after eight divisions. Plate assays indicated that all of the cells in the culture were recovering i.e., this was not a reselection of a few tolerant cells.The results are discussed in terms of possible tolerance mechanisms, and their implications for the occurrence of multiple or cotolerance.

Copper tolerance in some Californian populations of the monkey flower, Mimulus guttatus

1971 ◽  
Vol 177 (1047) ◽  
pp. 177-196 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Zinc Tolerance ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Lead Tolerance ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Normal Soil ◽  
Copper Tolerant

A preliminary investigation had been made into the evolution of copper tolerance in some Californian populations of Mimulus guttatus growing on abandoned copper mines. It has been shown that populations growing on soil with normally toxic levels of copper were tolerant to this heavy metal. There was also some indication of an increase in tolerance to zinc, lead and nickel in the copper tolerant populations, even when the soil was not particularly rich in these other metals. With one exception, populations on non-contaminated soils were non-tolerant as judged by root growth in aqueous solutions or soil containing copper. Furthermore, there was a marked difference in germination and seedling establishment on copper soil between stocks originating from mine and from non-mine environments. The superiority of the mine populations under such circumstances was less marked when established plants were potted up in mine soil. By testing the F 1 progeny of crosses involving tolerant and non-tolerant parents it was found that copper tolerance is dominant in effect at low copper concentrations, intermediate at intermediate concentrations, and recessive in effect at high copper concentrations. When the plants had been grown on normal soil there appeared to be a requirement for copper at low concentrations among the offspring of tolerant parents. It is suggested that this may result from the mechanism of tolerance by complexing the copper and thus making it unavailable to the plant. The genetic control of zinc and lead tolerance is not clear, but there is evidence that zinc tolerance may be dominant at concentrations of zinc in solution of 15 parts/10 6 .

Copper tolerance in clones of Agrostis gigantea from a mine waste site

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1043-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary D. Hogan ◽  
Gerard M. Courtin ◽  
Wilfried E. Rauser
Keyword(s):  
Mine Waste ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Waste Site ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
High Copper ◽  
Adjoining Area ◽  
High Copper Content ◽  
High Level ◽  
Copper Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Clones

A mine waste site from Sudbury, Ontario, contaminated with heavy metals is described. The dominant vegetative cover was formed by two grasses: Agrostis gigantea Roth, and Agrostis scabra Willd. Testing of 10 clones of A. gigantea from the roast bed and an adjoining area for copper tolerance showed that two clones collected from the roast bed were tolerant to increased copper levels. Copper tolerance was found in clones growing on soils with high copper contents and low pHs. The combination of high copper content and low pH brought about a high level of extractable copper within the soil. Soils with equally high copper levels but higher pHs and therefore low extractable-copper levels did not support copper-tolerant clones.

Identification of factors regulating the Cu2+ efflux in copper tolerant (Cur) strain of Nostoc calcicola

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
Omendra Kumar Prajapati ◽  
Pramod Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Metal Component ◽  
Nostoc Calcicola ◽  
Metal Efflux ◽  
Copper Tolerant

Copper is a well known micronutrient, an algaecide, metal component ofthylakoidal plastocyanin and superoxidase dismutase. The Cu 2+ efflux is thesole mechanism responsible to develop copper tolerance in Nostoc calcicola.Copper tolerant/ resistant (Cu r) strain showed time dependent (0‐60 min)Cu 2+ efflux whereas no efflux was reported in the Cu sensitive (Cus) N. calcicolacells. The Cu 2+ efflux depends on the presence of photogenic ATP whileit is inhibited around 95% in the dark growing cells. The ATP, supplied externallyto these cells could restore 50% cations efflux compared to no improvementin light growing cells which suggests that the photosynthetically generatedenergy in later case was optimum to drive Cu 2+ efflux. Metabolic inhibitorssuch as mercaptothanol, azide, N, N’ â€dicyclohexylcarbodimide and p‐Chloromercuribenzoate inhibit the metal efflux at different level. Cu 2+ effluxin the Cu r strain initiated only for 100‐fold lower Cu concentration in the externalmedium (0.6 μM Cu). The Cu2+ efflux rate for 1000‐fold diluted set at 1h suggested that higher dilution or the lower amounts of Cu (0.06 μM) offeredregulation for the efflux event. These findings suggested the use of Cu rstrain in bioleaching program for metal removal in repetitive cycles withoutany measurable loss.

Involvement of a metallothionein-like copper complex in the mechanism of copper tolerance in Mimulus guttatus

1986 ◽  
Vol 227 (1249) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Complex ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tolerant Plants ◽  
Total Copper ◽  
Excess Copper ◽  
Copper Tolerant

The possible involvement of a metallothionein-like copper complex in the mechanism of copper tolerance in Mimulus guttatus has been examined. In the roots of copper-tolerant plants, after exposure to copper, a constant proportion of the total copper content is bound to this complex. The complex is present in the roots of both copper-tolerant and non-tolerant plants, and is also induced in the roots of both by increased exposure to copper. Differences in the amount of the complex in the roots of copper-tolerant and non-tolerant plants suggest that it may be involved in the mechanism of copper tolerance. However, only a small proportion (6%) of the copper in the roots of the copper-tolerant clone is bound to the complex after growth in a high concentration (16 μm) of copper; this result suggests that the mechanism of tolerance does not simply involve the sequestration of all excess copper by the complex. The complex may have a transient function in the mechanism of copper tolerance.

Copper treatment alters the permeability of tight junctions in cultured human intestinal Caco-2 cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (6) ◽  
pp. G1138-G1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Ferruzza ◽  
Maria-Laura Scarino ◽  
Giuseppe Rotilio ◽  
Maria Rosa Ciriolo ◽  
Paolo Santaroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Transepithelial Electrical Resistance ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Zonula Occludens ◽  
Intracellular Effect ◽  
Tight Junction Permeability ◽  
Zonula Occludens 1 ◽  
Effect Of Copper

The effects of copper on tight-junction permeability were investigated in human intestinal Caco-2 cells, monitoring transepithelial electrical resistance and transepithelial passage of mannitol. Apical treatment of Caco-2 cells with 10–100 μM CuCl2(up to 3 h) produced a time- and concentration-dependent increase in tight-junction permeability, reversible after 24 h in complete medium in the absence of added copper. These effects were not observed in cells treated with copper complexed to l-histidine [Cu(His)2]. The copper-induced increase in tight-junction permeability was affected by the pH of the apical medium, as was the apical uptake of64CuCl2, both exhibiting a maximum at pH 6.0. Treatment with CuCl2produced a concentration-dependent reduction in the staining of F actin but not of the junctional proteins zonula occludens-1, occludin, and E-cadherin and produced ultrastructural alterations to microvilli and tight junctions that were not observed after treatment with up to 200 μM Cu(His)2for 3 h. Overall, these data point to an intracellular effect of copper on tight junctions, mediated by perturbations of the F actin cytoskeleton.

scholarly journals The high copper tolerance of Candida albicans is mediated by a P-type ATPase

2000 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 3520-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Weissman ◽  
I. Berdicevsky ◽  
B.-Z. Cavari ◽  
D. Kornitzer
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
High Copper ◽  
P Type

scholarly journals Effect of copper upon the actions of sulphate-reducing bacteria isolated from soil contaminated by crude oil and heavy metals / Wpływ miedzi na aktywność bakterii redukujących siarczany wyizolowanych z gleby zanieczyszczonej ropą naftową i metalami ciężkimi

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Ewa Izabela Podobas ◽  
Agnieszka Rożek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Sulphate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Abstract In the present study, copper tolerance by a mixed culture of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were evaluated. These sulphidogenic microbial communities were isolated from soils polluted by crude oil, oil-derived products and heavy metals (from selected areas of crude oil mines in south-eastern Poland). Copper tolerance of SRB was tested in modified Postgate C medium with ethanol and lactate as the sole carbon source and copper chloride at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1500 mg/l. Bacterial growth and sulphate reduction were possible between 100 and 1500 mg/l of initial copper concentration. Active sulphate reduction - maximum of 53% was observed in the cultures. Molecular analysis indicated not only the presence of SRB but also other microorganisms that are capable of living in environments contaminated by heavy metals. The high environmental sulphide concentrations produced by SRB lead to the precipitation of any biogenic mineral phases such as metal sulphides. As a result, soluble metal ion concentrations in the microenvironment of SRB are, therefore, extremely low. This process allows SRB to grow in environments containing high levels of toxic metals. Studies on SRB tolerance to heavy metals are extremely important because of the possibility of using this group of microorganisms for the bioremediation and microbial revitalisation of areas contaminated by heavy metals.

Comparative studies on the seedling copper tolerance of various hexaploid wheat varieties and of spelt in soil with a high copper content and in hydroponic culture

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Bálint ◽  
G. Kovács ◽  
J. Sutka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
High Copper ◽  
High Copper Content ◽  
Hydroponic Cultures ◽  
Physiological Tests

On areas used for agriculture copper toxicity is one of the most important forms of heavy metal pollution, especially where field crops are to be grown in fields previously used as orchards or vineyards, treated for a long period with pesticides containing copper. Only varieties with good tolerance of soil with a high copper content should be grown on such areas. The selection of copper-tolerant varieties is complicated, however, by the fact that it is difficult to study copper tolerance under field conditions. Heavy metal tolerance is generally tested in hydroponic cultures, in which interfering factors can be minimised, but it is impossible to test a large number of genotypes or segregating generations using this method. Another problem in such experiments is that the conditions existing in hydroponic cultures bear little resemblance to those found in the field, so little information is obtained on the real adaptation of the varieties. The aim of the present experiments was thus to elaborate a soil-based technique suitable for determining the copper tolerance of various genotypes and allowing the simultaneous testing of a large number of genotypes under conditions approaching those found in the field. The results indicate that the copper tolerance of seedlings can be determined by growing them to an age of 2 weeks in soil containing 1000-1500 mg/kg CuSO4 × 5 H2O, since genetic differences in copper tolerance could be clearly distinguished under these conditions. The copper tolerance of plants grown in copper-containing soil exhibited a close correlation with the results obtained in physiological tests in hydroponic culture.

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