Isozyme variation between species and formae speciales of the genus Puccinia

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2628-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Burdon ◽  
D. R. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Starch Gel

Soluble proteins extracted from germinating urediniospores of 11 different species of Puccinia Pers. and from three formae spéciales of each of 3 of these species were subjected to starch gel electrophoresis and the resultant isozyme banding patterns compared.Isozyme patterns obtained for the 11 different species showed considerable differentiation between species, indicating that all species were distinct taxonomic entities. Patterns obtained for the formae speciales were, in general, much more similar and suggested relationships which agree with existing knowledge from taxonomic and fertility studies.

Genetic diversity in red pine: evidence for low genic heterozygosity

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
R. W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Genetically Determined

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to survey for genetically determined enzyme mobility differences among 297 megagametophytes of red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) from five widely separated geographical sources. Consistent and reproducible enzyme banding patterns were observed with five of the seven isozyme systems assayed. No variation in band mobility was observed in any of these systems. This result stands in contrast with those reported from surveys of allozyme variation in other coniferous species but is consistent with the low degree of genetic variation observed in red pine for higher levels of genetic organization. It is concluded that red pine is genetically depauperate.Possible explanations for restricted genetic diversity are discussed. The most plausible explanation suggests that red pine was at sometime, possibly during the Pleistocene, reduced to a small refugial population and has yet to reestablish equilibrium heterozygosity.

A biochemical approach towards the taxonomy of leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1803-1805
Author(s):  
R. A. Khan ◽  
G. I. McT. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Biochemical Approach

Whole specimens of starved marine leeches of two genera, were compared by means of micro starch-gel electrophoresis. Distinct electrophoretic banding patterns were observed between Malmiana scorpii and M. brunnea and Oceanobdella microstoma and O. sexoculata and corroborate previous identifications based on conventional taxonomic characteristics. The results indicate that this technique could be used for taxonomic separation of leeches at the specific and possibly at the generic level.

Isozyme variation in the fungus Atkinsonella hypoxylon within and among populations of its host grasses

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2600-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Leuchtmann ◽  
Keith Clay
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Multilocus Genotype ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Multilocus Genotypes ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon

Isozyme variation of 291 isolates of Atkinsonella hypoxylon (Clavicipitaceae, tribe Balansieae) from 24 populations of its four known host grasses (Danthonia compressa, Danthonia sericea, Danthonia spicata, and Stipa leucotricha) was examined using starch gel electrophoresis. In total, there were 20 distinct multilocus genotypes. Eleven out of 13 enzyme loci (84.6%) exhibited more than one allele (mean 2.8) per locus. Nei's total gene diversity (HT) within all isolates was 0.229. Between isolate samples from S. leucotricha and the three Danthonia hosts, Nei's genetic identity (I) ranged from 0.21 to 0.31 and among isolate samples from the three Danthonia species I ranged from 0.65 to 0.88, with isolates from D. spicata and D. compressa being most similar. Variation of A. hypoxylon occurred both within and among populations of D. spicata and D. compressa, where up to 53 isolates were sampled per host population. In contrast, all 20 isolates from S. leucotricha were identical, as were all 6 from D. sericea. A few isolates from D. spicata exhibited the same, unusual multilocus genotype with unique alleles at six different loci. The occurrence of several multilocus genotypes in isolates from the same ascostroma and the 1:1 segregation of genotypes among ascospores from a single ascus indicated gene exchange among sexually reproducing individuals, consistent with a heterothallic mating system for A. hypoxylon.

scholarly journals Identifying Crabapple Cultivars by Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

Forty-five crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars were evaluated for 16 isozyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. Of the 16 systems evaluated, 6 were useful in separating among cultivars. Enzyme systems used to distinguish among the cultivars included alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Each enzyme system produced one well-resolved polymorphic region except for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which produced two. Most crabapple selections could be identified when all six enzymes were evaluated. Alcohol dehydrogenase had the most diagnostic banding patterns useful for cultivar identification.

scholarly journals Identifying Olive Cultivars by Isozyme Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Trujillo ◽  
Luis Rallo ◽  
Pere Arús
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Different Origins

Pollen samples of 155 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars from different origins were analyzed to study isoenzymatic variability in five enzyme systems: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and malic enzyme (ME) using starch gel electrophoresis. Polymorphism was observed in all of the isozyme systems. ME, GPI, EST, and LAP were the most useful systems for identification of cultivars. Different combinations of banding patterns of these systems allowed us to identify 85% of the cultivars. The remainder were separated into groups of two or three cultivars that could be identified using morphological characteristics. No intracultivar polymorphisms were observed.

scholarly journals Isozymes for Cultivar Identification in Kiwifruit

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Messina ◽  
R. Testolin ◽  
M. Morgante
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison

The usefulness of isozyme banding patterns as genetic markers in kiwifruit [Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson] was investigated using starch gel electrophoresis. Fifty-four entries putatively belonging to seven female and two male kiwifruit cultivars were examined for 13 enzyme systems (AAT, ACO, GDH, G6PDH, IDH, MDH, ME, MNR, NDH, 6PGD, PGI, PGM, and SKDH). Four enzyme systems, ACO, MDH, NDH, and SKDH, showed identical banding patterns in all clones surveyed. Of the remaining enzymes, AAT, PGI, and PGM had the best discriminating power. Six enzyme systems (GDH, G6PDH, IDH, ME, MNR, and 6PGD), though showing polymorphic banding patterns, were poorly resolved. All the New Zealand cultivars were uniquely identified by the simultaneous comparison of the AAT, PGI, and PGM zymograms. Some enzyme systems were also polymorphic among plants within the same cultivar, thus proving the heterogeneity of kiwifruit material introduced into Europe in the early 1970s.

scholarly journals Extensive Protein Similarity of the Hybridizing Chickadees Parus atricapillus and P. carolinensis

The Auk ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Braun ◽  
Mark B. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Parus Atricapillus ◽  
Parus Gambeli ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Emerging Pattern ◽  
Electrophoresis Of Proteins

Abstract Starch gel electrophoresis of proteins was used to assess genetic differentiation and introgression across a contact zone between Parus atricapillus and P. carolinensis. Little or no differentiation was found at 35 presumed genetic loci, even between distantly allopatric population samples. Nei's (1978) genetic distance (D) was ≤0.001 for all comparisons. In contrast, Parus gambeli, another chickadee known to hybridize with atricapillus, was well differentiated at 3 loci (D ≈ 0.065). While the data suggest that atricapillus and carolinensis are closely related, they do not allow conclusions on the extent of introgression across the contact zone. The implications of these data are discussed in the light of the emerging pattern of isozyme variation in birds.

scholarly journals Identifying Pecan Cultivars by Isozymes and Inheritance of Leucine Aminopeptidase

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Larry J. Grauke ◽  
Tommy E. Thompson ◽  
Ruth S. Janos
Keyword(s):  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Phosphoglucose Isomerase ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Leaf Material ◽  
Isozyme Patterns ◽  
Starch Gel

More than 170 pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars were evaluated formalate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and diaphorase (DIA). Isozymes of LAP were observed in two regions after starch gel electrophoresis. The faster region of activity (Lap-1) was polymorphic and consistently expressed in leaves, wood, and roots. Controlled crosses suggest that Lap-1 is simply inherited and controlled by at least two alleles. DIA was well resolved and storable only from leaf material and produced a complex banding pattern. The ability to differentiate among cultivars by isozymes was good. The 177 cultivars sorted into 72 classes. Forty of the cultivars (23%) possessed a unique series of isozyme patterns. Most cultivars (124 of 177) shared common banding patterns with less than four other cultivars. From the inheritance models of four isozymes, some historical pedigrees can be questioned. Most notably,' Western Schley' could not have been parented by `San Saba' based on the inheritance of Mdh-1 and Lap-1.

scholarly journals VERIFICATION OF AN INTERGENERIC HYBRID BETWEEN DESERT WILLOW AND CATALP A

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1067d-1067
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Jimmy L. Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Chilopsis Linearis ◽  
Rna Genes

Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis) is native to the arid southwestern U.S. and is used as a landscape shrub. Catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides) is a small tree common in the southern U.S. that is used as a landscape plant. Both species have showy flowers and are members of the Bignoniaceae family. Controlled crosses were made using pollen from a single catalpa tree and desert willow stigmas of the cv. `Marfa Lace'. Fruit developed normally and seven seedlings were produced that had leaf morphology intermediate between the parents. From starch gel electrophoresis, putative hybrids had isozyme banding patterns consistent with hybridization between the parent species. A second biochemical verification is being conducted using probes for ribosomal RNA genes.

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