Pyropyxis, a new pyrophilous operculate discomycete with a Dichobotrys anamorph

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger
Keyword(s):  
Outer Layer ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Ectal Excipulum ◽  
Reddish Orange

The monotypic genus Pyropyxis is described based upon the type species, Peziza rubra Peck. Pyropyxis is distinguished by deeply cupulate, sessile, pink to reddish-orange apothecia. The ectal excipulum is composed of thick-walled cells forming a textura angularis tissue with the outer layer of cells occasionally giving rise to hyaline, moniliform hairs. The hymenium contains two types of paraphyses; most are hyaline, but some are filled with orange, crystalline pigments. The ascospores are eguttulate when fully mature but contain two small polar guttules when immature. A Dichobotrys anamorph is produced in axenic culture.

scholarly journals <i>Ankumia</i> van Veen, 1932 <i>(nomen dubium):</i> pathological moult retention in the Cytherellidae (Platycopida: Ostracoda)

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Outer Layer ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Oblique Cone ◽  
Dorsal Position

Abstract. The monotypic genus Ankumia is associated with the rich cytherellid fauna described by van Veen (1932) from the Upper Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) rocks of South Limburg, The Netherlands. The type species (A. bosqueti van Veen, 1932) is redescribed because the genus possesses the enigmatic combination of cytherellid (posterior sex-dimorphism and R/L overlap) and eridostracan (several concentric bands) characters. As no holotype was designated, the redescription is based on a detailed SEM examination of the syntypes in the Bonnema/van Veen composite collection. Most syntypes show that the outer layer of coarse, concentric, rings, which form an oblique cone, are retained moults of a species of cytherellid. The point of retention in the early instars is along the posteroventral margin, contrary to the dorsal position of successive lamellae in eridostracan Cryptophyllus. Other syntypes possess the typical lateral outline of adult species of Cytherellidae. The ontogeny of each individual of retained moults (‘Ankumia’) has a nine-instar pattern, with a growth increment between successive moults about 1.15, slightly less than that (about 1.20) observed by Shaver (1953) for Cytherella bullata. The name Ankumia is abandonned, and a new combination proposed for the previous type species, Platella bosqueti (van Veen, 1932).

Description of the first flightless platynine ground beetle preserved in Baltic amber (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4318 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
JOACHIM SCHMIDT ◽  
TORBEN GÖPEL ◽  
KIPLING WILL
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
A New Species

Species of the megadiverse ground beetle tribe Platynini occur on all continents except Antarctica. It has been long recognized that platynine beetles were preserved in the Eocene Baltic amber. However, thus far only a single Eocene fossil has been described to the species level. In the present paper, a new species of Platynini known only as an amber inclusion fossil is described and imaged using light microscopy and micro X-ray computed tomography. Since this species cannot be assigned to any of the recently described genera, the monotypic genus Praeanchodemus gen. n., with the type species P. punctaticeps sp. n., is erected. There is some evidence from external morphology that Praeanchodemus gen. n. is part of a lineage comprising the recent genera Paranchodemus, Rhadine, and Tanystoma. However, since some synapomorphies were not found, the true relationships of the fossil taxon remain moot. 

scholarly journals ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE BASAL DINOFLAGELLATE Ellobiopsis chattoni (ELLOBIOPSIDAE, ALVEOLATA), PARASITE OF COPEPODS

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
F. Gómez ◽  
T. Horiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Dense Substance ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Membrane Organelle ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean ◽  
Ecological Differences

Ellobiopsis chattoni is the type species of the ellobiopsids, an enigmatic lineage of parasitic alveolates that branched between the syndinean dinoflagellates and the perkinsids. We have investigated the ultrastructure of four trophonts from three calanoid copepod hosts collected from the port of Valencia, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. The cell wall showed a thick and homogenous layer and flask-shaped mucocysts that excreted an electron-dense substance that forms the outer layer. The cell wall in the attachment peduncle of Ellobiopsis was thicker and with numerous invaginations. The inner section showed numerous longitudinal channels here interpreted as conduits for the transport of host fluids. Trophomere and gonomere were separated by a thin septum with a central pore. Before the mature gonomere detached from the trophomere, the area of junction became undulated. Deficiencies in the fixation of the membrane organelle preclude discussing on other ultrastructural features. To date the ultrastructure of three ellobiopsid genera have been examined. The trophonts of Ellobiopsis and Thalassomyces showed a high similarity in the cell wall, with characteristic flaskshaped mucocysts. The lack of flask-shaped mucocysts in Ellobiocystis and other morphological and ecological differences argue against the monophyly of the ellobiopsids. Caracteres ultrastucturales del dinoflagelado basal Ellobiopsis chattoni (Ellobiopsidae, Alveolata), un parásito de copépodos Ellobiopsis chattoni es la especie tipo de los ellobiópsidos, un enigmático linaje de alveolados parásitos que se sitúa entre los dinoflagelados Syndiniales y los perkinsoides. Hemos examinado la ultraestructura de cuatro trofontes que parasitaban tres copépodos calanoides procedentes del puerto de Valencia, Mediterráneo noroccidental. La pared celular presenta una capa gruesa y homogénea con mucocistos con forma de matraz que excretan una substancia electro-densa que forma la capa externa. El pedúnculo de adhesión de Ellobiopsis presenta una pared celular más ancha y con numerosas invaginaciones. El pedúnculo en su sección interna muestra numerosos canales longitudinales cuya función se ha interpretado como conductos para el transporte de los fluidos del hospedador. El trofonte y el gonómero están separados por un fino septo con un poro central. Esa región de unión es undulada cuando el gonomero maduro se separe del trofonte. Otros caracteres ultrastructurales no pueden ser descritos debido a deficiencias en la fijación de las membranas de los orgánulos. Hasta ahora se ha examinado la ultrastructura de tres géneros de ellobiopsidos. Los trofontes de Ellobiopsis y Thalassomyces muestran una gran similitud en su pared celular que presenta el mismo tipo de mucocistos. En contraste, la falta de mucocistos con forma de matraz en Ellobiocystis, además de otras diferencias morfológicas y ecológicas, pone en duda el supuesto origen monofilético de los ellobiópsidos.

scholarly journals Delimitation, new species and teleomorph-anamorph relationships in Codinaea, Dendrophoma, Paragaeumannomyces and Striatosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae)

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 17-74
Author(s):  
Martina Réblová ◽  
Jana Nekvindová ◽  
Jacques Fournier ◽  
Andrew N. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
The Family ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
First Time

The Chaetosphaeriaceae are a diverse group of pigmented, predominantly phialidic hyphomycetes comprised of several holomorphic genera including Chaetosphaeria, the most prominent genus of the family. Although the morphology of the teleomorphs of the majority of Chaetosphaeria is rather uniform, their associated anamorphs primarily exhibit the variability and evolutionary change observed in the genus. An exception from the morphological monotony among Chaetosphaeria species is a group characterised by scolecosporous, hyaline to light pink, multiseptate, asymmetrical ascospores and a unique three-layered ascomatal wall. Paragaeumannomyces sphaerocellularis, the type species of the genus, exhibits these morphological traits and is compared with similar Chaetosphaeria with craspedodidymum- and chloridium-like synanamorphs. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS-28S sequences of 35 isolates and vouchers with these characteristics revealed a strongly-supported, morphologically well-delimited clade in the Chaetosphaeriaceae containing 16 species. The generic name Paragaeumannomyces is applied to this monophyletic clade; eight new combinations and five new species, i.e. P. abietinussp. nov., P. eleganssp. nov., P. granulatussp. nov., P. sabinianussp. nov. and P. smokiensissp. nov., are proposed. A key to Paragaeumannomyces is provided. Using morphology, cultivation studies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA, two additional new species from freshwater and terrestrial habitats, Codinaea paniculatasp. nov. and Striatosphaeria castaneasp. nov., are described in the family. A codinaea-like anamorph of S. castanea forms conidia with setulae at each end in axenic culture; this feature expands the known morphology of Striatosphaeria. A chaetosphaeria-like teleomorph is experimentally linked to Dendrophoma cytisporoides, a sporodochial hyphomycete and type species of Dendrophoma, for the first time.

Taxonomic re-evaluation of the monotypic genus Pararhabdophis Bourret, 1934 (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) with discovery of its type species, P. chapaensis, from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4486 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
JIN-LONG REN ◽  
KAI WANG ◽  
TAO THIEN NGUYEN ◽  
CHUNG VAN HOANG ◽  
GUANG-HUI ZHONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
History Data ◽  
Lao Cai ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

The Asian monotypic genus Pararhabdophis Bourret, 1934 has long been known from a single holotype of the type species Pararhabdophis chapaensis Bourret, 1934 only. The limited available information hampered the identification of the natricine species. On the basis of eight newly collected specimens of P. chapaensis from the type locality in Sa Pa, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam and from Pingbian, Yunnan Province in southwestern China, the taxonomic position of the genus Pararhabdophis was re-evaluated using both morphological and molecular datasets for the first time. Pararhabdophis chapaensis is nested within the genus Hebius Thompson, 1913 with strong support, and morphologically indistinguishable from the latter genus. As a consequence, we herein synonymize the genus Pararhabdophis with Hebius and discuss about the existing paraphyly of some Hebius species. In addition we report Hebius chapaensis for the first time from China and provide redescription and natural history data of this poorly known species. To facilitate future taxonomic work, an identification key to all known natricine genera from China and Vietnam is also provided. 

A review of in vitro attempts to develop the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum and genomics-based suggestions to achieve this elusive goal

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad Belkacemi ◽  
Maryam Tidjani Alou ◽  
Saber Khelaifia ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Oral Microbiology

To date, the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum remains a challenge in the field of microbiology despite countless attempts. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bibliographic analysis using several databases and search engines, namely Pubmed, Google scholar, Google, Web of Science and Scopus. Numerous unsuccessful empiric studies have been conducted and evaluated using as criteria dark-field microscopic observation of motile spiral shaped cells in the culture and virulence of the culture through rabbit infectivity. All of these studies failed to induce rabbit infectivity, even when deemed positive after microscopic observation leading to the misnomer of avirulent T. pallidum . In fact, this criterion was improperly chosen because not all spiral shaped cells are T. pallidum . However, these studies led to the formulation of culture media particularly favourable to the growth of several species of Treponema, including Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Zürich medium (OMIZ), Oral Treponeme Enrichment Broth (OTEB) and T-Raoult, thus allowing the increase in the number of cultivable strains of Treponema . The predicted metabolic capacities of T. pallidum show limited metabolism, also exhibited by other non-cultured and pathogenic Treponema species, in contrast to cultured Treponema species. The advent of next generation sequencing represents a turning point in this field, as the knowledge inferred from the genome can finally lead to the axenic culture of T. pallidum .

Hagneia kallea gen. and sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae) from North Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4861 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM STROIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
North Vietnam

A new monotypic genus of ricaniid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae), Hagneia gen. nov., is described for Hagneia kallea sp. nov. (type species). Habitus, male and female external and internal genital structures of the new species are illustrated. 

A new species of Cornucistela Campbell, 1980 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Alleculinae: Gonoderina) from Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4612 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
VLADIMÍR NOVÁK ◽  
MAXIM YU. NABOZHENKO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
South Khorasan ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

A second species of the previously monotypic genus Cornucistela (C. anichtchenkoi sp. nov.) is described, illustrated and compared with C. serrata Campbell, 1980 (type species). It is a first record of the genus in Iran (South Khorasan Province). 

Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2052 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIANA KLINGENBERG ◽  
C. ROBERTO F. BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
New Synonym

Based on the morphology of workers, gynes and males, we revise the taxonomy of nominal taxa traditionally included by authors in the fungus-growing ant genus Mycetophylax. Our results indicate that Mycetophylax Emery (Myrmicocrypta brittoni Wheeler, 1907, type species, by designation of Emery, 1913; junior synonym of Cyphomyrmex conformis Mayr, 1884 by Kempf, 1962) includes M. conformis, M. simplex (Emery, 1888), and M. morschi (Emery, 1888) new combination (formerly in Cyphomyrmex), with several synonymies. Mycetophylax bruchi (Santschi, 1916) does not belong to the same genus and is diagnosed, in addition to other characters, by a psammophore arising at the anterior margin of the clypeus. For this species we are resurrecting from synonymy Paramycetophylax Kusnezov, 1956 (Mycetophylax bruchi as type species, by original designation, with M. cristulatus as its new synonym). Myrmicocrypta emeryi Forel, 1907 is the only attine in which females lack the median clypeal seta and have the antennal insertion areas very much enlarged and anteriorly produced, with the psammophore setae arising from the middle of the clypeus and not at its anterior margin as in Paramycetophylax. Notwithstanding its inclusion in Mycetophylax by recent authors, it is here recognized as belonging to a hitherto undescribed, thus far monotypic genus, Kalathomyrmex new genus (Myrmicocrypta emeryi as its type species, here designated). We redescribe workers, gynes and males of all species in the

The nearctic genus Beeria Hatch. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smetana
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Distribution And Ecology

AbstractThe systematic position of the monotypic genus Beeria Hatch 1957 within the subfamily Staphylininae is discussed. The genus combines characters of both the tribe Staphylinini and Quediini, however the morphology of the prothorax seems to justify its assignment to the tribe Quediini. A detailed description of the genus, together with the presently known data about its distribution and ecology are given. The type species of Beeria (punctata Hatch 1957) is identical with Philonthus nematocerus Casey 1915, which results in the following new combination: Beeria nematocera (Casey 1915) with punctata Hatch 1957 as a junior synonym. The characters distinguishing the tribes Staphylinini and Quediini are discussed in detail. A key to holarctic genera of the tribe Quediini is given. The subtribe Triacri established by Bernhauer (1931) within the tribe Quediini is identical with the subtribe Xanthopygi within the tribe Staphylinini. The genera Algon Sharp, Brachycamonthus Bernh. and Rientis Sharp are removed from the tribe Quediini and reassigned to the tribe Staphylinini, subtribe Xanthopygi. The genus Rientis Sharp, 1874 is identical with Securipalpus Schubert, 1908, which becomes a junior synonym of Rientis.

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