Conidium development in the Hyalorhinocladiella anamorphs of Ceratocystiopsis minuta-bicolor and Ophiostoma minus

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Benade ◽  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
P. S. Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Conidiogenous Cell ◽  
Transmission Electron

The genus Hyalorhinocladiella was characterized by its simple conidiophores with conidiogenous cells that proliferate sympodially. However, recent studies revealed that the Hyalorhinocladiella anamorph of Ophiostoma ips has annellidic conidium development. The aim of this study was to determine whether other species in the genus share this characteristic. Conidium development was examined in the type species, Hyalorhinocladiella minuta-bicolor, and in the Hyalorhinocladiella anamorph of Ophiostoma minus. Light and fluorescence microscopy indicated that conidia developed by sympodial proliferation. In contrast, scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed distinct annellations on the conidiogenous cells. Conidium development in Hyalorhinocladiella is therefore annellidic, and the appearance of sympodial development results from displacement of the long axis of the conidiogenous cell through percurrent proliferation. The circumscription of the genus Hyalorhinocladiella is therefore revised to include annellidic conidium development. Keywords: Hyalorhinocladiella, Ophiostoma, sympodial, annellidic, conidium development.

Comparison between conidial development in Sporendocladia bactrospora and Phialocephala virens

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 985-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marnel Mouton ◽  
Michael J. Wingfield
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Conidiogenous Cell ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Building Activity ◽  
Conidial Development

Conidium development was studied and compared in Sporendocladia bactrospora (thought to resemble Chalara spp.) and in Phialocephala virens. Techniques used in the study include bright field and fluorescence microscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Sporendocladia bactrospora had cylindrical conidia produced in true chains from phialidic conidiogenous cells with long cylindrical collarettes. An area of wall building activity at the base of the conidiogenous cell was characterized by secretory vesicles indicating ring wall building development. In Phialocephala virens, conidia were formed by apical wall building and distinct periclinal thickening was evident. From this study it was possible to confirm the fact that Phialocephala s.l. can clearly be divided into two distinct groups on the basis of conidium development. Key words: apical wall building, conidiogenesis, Phialocephala, ring wall building, Sporendocladia.

scholarly journals Correlating Fluorescence Microscopy with Electron Microscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael ◽  
Jon Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Microscopic Image ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopic Image ◽  
Auto Fluorescence

The use of fluorescent probes is becoming more and more common in cell biology. It would be useful if we were able to correlate a fluorescent structure with an electron microscopic image. The ability to definitively identify a fluorescent organelle would be very valuable. Recently, Ying Ren, Michael Kruhlak, and David Bazett-Jones devised a clever technique to correlate a structure visualized in the light microscope, even a fluorescing cell, with transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Two keys to the technique of Ren et al are the use of grids (as used in the TEM) with widely spaced grid bars and the use of Quetol as the embedding resin. The grids allow for cells to be identified between the grid bars, and in turn the bars are used to keep the cell of interest in register throughout the processing for TEM. Quetol resin was used for embedding because of its low auto fluorescence and sectioning properties. The resin also becomes soft and can be cut and easily peeled from glass coverslips when heated to 70°C.

The fine structure of conidial development in the genus Torula. I. T. herbarum (Pers.) Link ex S. F. Gray and T. herbarum f. quaternella Sacc.

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1661-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Ellis ◽  
D. A. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Conidiogenous Cell ◽  
Outer Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conidial Development ◽  
Dense Zone ◽  
Hyaline Zone ◽  
Lateral Walls

Conidiogenesis in Torula herbarum and T. herbarum f. quaternella was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Conidia of the former were shown to be made up of three equally sized cells capped by a distinctive, and easily recognizable, conidiogenous cell. Conidiogenous cells also arose terminally on erect hyphae and on prostrate hyphae. The single-layered conidial cell walls were differentiated into an inner hyaline zone and an outer electron-dense zone formed by the deposition of melanin. Conidiogenous cells lacked melanin at the apex and, before conidiation, the lateral walls were strengthened by a further deposition of melanin. The apex bulged outwards and was modified into a new multicelled conidium bearing another apical conidiogenous cell. Continued development of new conidia resulted in an acropetal chain which became disarticulated after cytolysis within the conidiogenous cell. The relative distinctions between holoblastic and enteroblastic development are discussed and it is concluded that the conidia should be referred to as blastoconidia.

scholarly journals Invasion of Spores of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Gigaspora decipiens by Burkholderia spp

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 6250-6256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avram Levy ◽  
Barbara J. Chang ◽  
Lynette K. Abbott ◽  
John Kuo ◽  
Gerry Harnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron And Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Burkholderia species are bacterial soil inhabitants that are capable of interacting with a variety of eukaryotes, in some cases occupying intracellular habitats. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic Burkholderia spp., including B. vietnamiensis, B. cepacia, and B. pseudomallei, were grown on germinating spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora decipiens. Spore lysis assays revealed that all Burkholderia spp. tested were able to colonize the interior of G. decipiens spores. Amplification of specific DNA sequences and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the intracellular presence of B. vietnamiensis. Twelve percent of all spores were invaded by B. vietnamiensis, with an average of 1.5 × 106 CFU recovered from individual infected spores. Of those spores inoculated with B. pseudomallei, 7% were invaded, with an average of 5.5 × 105 CFU recovered from individual infected spores. Scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy provided insights into the morphology of surfaces of spores and hyphae of G. decipiens and the attachment of bacteria. Burkholderia spp. colonized both hyphae and spores, attaching to surfaces in either an end-on or side-on fashion. Adherence of Burkholderia spp. to eukaryotic surfaces also involved the formation of numerous fibrillar structures.

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