Landslide hazard assessment by smoothed particle hydrodynamics with spatially variable soil properties and statistical rainfall distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1953-1969
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi Mori ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Yat Fai Leung ◽  
Daisuke Shimokawa ◽  
Man Kong Lo
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Runout Distance ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Loose Fill ◽  
Landslide Runout

Rainfall-induced landslides have caused significant damage to structures and casualties in the past decades, and it is of great importance to assess the post-failure behavior of slopes. This study proposes a probabilistic framework to evaluate the hazards associated with landslide runout arising from loose-fill slope failures. The failure process is simulated by the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, which is capable of capturing large deformations of landslides. The shear strength parameters of the soils are modeled as random variables, and random field simulations are performed to explore the effects of soil variability on the runout distance. In addition, the uncertainty in rainfall characteristics is represented by the Gumbel distribution, with the ensuing rainfall infiltration simulated in multiple seepage analyses to obtain pore pressure profiles in the slope, which are then adopted as initial conditions for the SPH method. Combining these various sources of uncertainty, the hazard factors indicating the risks for nearby structures are quantified based on the response uncertainty in landslide runout distances. To demonstrate this framework, the hazard levels associated with two typical layouts of loose-fill slopes are evaluated, and the results may serve as risk zoning indicators for adjacent developments.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Quasistatic Modeling of Deformation and Failure in Rock-Like Solids by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. W. Tang ◽  
Y. D. Zhou ◽  
Y. L. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Failure Evolution ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

As a Lagrangian mesh-free numerical method, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been traditionally applied for modeling astrophysics, fluid flows and thermal problems, and there has been a growing interest in applying SPH to solid deformation problems. However, the potential of this method for quasistatic analysis of rock-like brittle materials has not been clearly explored. The major aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of key factors in SPH on the load-deformation response of rock-like solids, including variations in the particle approximation theory, the magnitude of the smoothing length and its variable method. Simple uniaxial compression (UC) loading conditions were chosen, and a series of numerical studies were carried out sequentially on an idealized elastic case and an actual test of marble material. Typical results of the axial stress-strain response from infinitesimal to finite deformation as well as the progressive failure process for the marble tests are given and the influences of various factors are discussed. It is found that only provided proper choices of particle momentum equation and the smoothing length parameter, the SPH method is capable for favorably reproducing the deformation and progressive failure evolution in rock-like materials under quasistatic compression loads.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Non-Homogeneous Viscous Debris-Flows Based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Anping Shu ◽  
Matteo Rubinato ◽  
Mengyao Wang ◽  
Jiping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Sph Model ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetic And Potential Energies

Non-homogeneous viscous debris flows are characterized by high density, impact force and destructiveness, and the complexity of the materials they are made of. This has always made these flows challenging to simulate numerically, and to reproduce experimentally debris flow processes. In this study, the formation-movement process of non-homogeneous debris flow under three different soil configurations was simulated numerically by modifying the formulation of collision, friction, and yield stresses for the existing Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The results obtained by applying this modification to the SPH model clearly demonstrated that the configuration where fine and coarse particles are fully mixed, with no specific layering, produces more fluctuations and instability of the debris flow. The kinetic and potential energies of the fluctuating particles calculated for each scenario have been shown to be affected by the water content by focusing on small local areas. Therefore, this study provides a better understanding and new insights regarding intermittent debris flows, and explains the impact of the water content on their formation and movement processes.

scholarly journals Progress in the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method to Simulate and Post-process Numerical Simulations of Annular Airblast Atomizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1147
Author(s):  
G. Chaussonnet ◽  
T. Dauch ◽  
M. Keller ◽  
M. Okraschevski ◽  
C. Ates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Liquid Sheet ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Fragmentation Spectrum ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Primary Breakup ◽  
Smoothed Particle

AbstractThis paper illustrates recent progresses in the development of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate and post-process liquid spray generation. The simulation of a generic annular airblast atomizer is presented, in which a liquid sheet is fragmented by two concentric counter swirling air streams. The accent is put on how the SPH method can bridge the gap between the CAD geometry of a nozzle and its characterization, in terms of spray characteristics and dynamics. In addition, the Lagrangian nature of the SPH method allows to extract additional data to give further insight in the spraying process. First, the sequential breakup events can be tracked from one large liquid blob to very fine stable droplets. This is herein called the tree of fragmentation. From this tree of fragmentation, abstract quantities can be drawn such as the breakup activity and the fragmentation spectrum. Second, the Lagrangian coherent structures in the turbulent flow can be determined easily with the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE). The extraction of the FTLE is particularly feasible in the SPH framework. Finally, it is pointed out that there is no universal and ultimate non-dimensional number that can characterize airblast primary breakup. Depending on the field of interest, a non-dimensional number (e.g. Weber number) might be more appropriate than another one (e.g. momentum flux ratio) to characterize the regime, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Application of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) for the Simulation of Flow-like Landslides on 3D Terrains

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghui Cui ◽  
Liaojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Landslide Event ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Mitigation Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Flow-type landslide is one type of landslide that generally exhibits characteristics of high flow velocities, long jump distances, and poor predictability. Simulation of it facilitates propagation analysis and provides solutions for risk assessment and mitigation design. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been successfully applied to the simulation of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) flow-like landslides. However, the influence of boundary resistance on the whole process of landslide failure is rarely discussed. In this study, a boundary algorithm considering the friction is proposed, and integrated into the boundary condition of the SPH method, and its accuracy is verified. Moreover, the Navier-Stokes equation combined with the non-Newtonian fluid rheology model was utilized to solve the dynamic behavior of the flow-like landslide. To verify its performance, the Shuicheng landslide event, which occurred in Guizhou, China, was taken as a case study. In the 2D simulation, a sensitivity analysis was conducted, and the results showed that the shearing strength parameters have more influence on the computation accuracy in comparison with the coefficient of viscosity. Afterwards, the dynamic characteristics of the landslide, such as the velocity and the impact area, were analyzed in the 3D simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the field investigations. The simulation results demonstrate that the SPH method performs well in reproducing the landslide process, and facilitates the analysis of landslide characteristics as well as the affected areas, which provides a scientific basis for conducting the risk assessment and disaster mitigation design.

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics into the Fluid Dynamics of Classical Problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Gholami Korzani ◽  
S. Galindo Torres ◽  
Alexander Scheuermann ◽  
David J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Poiseuille Flow ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Slip Boundary Condition ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Slip Boundary ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

The study concerns the application of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method within the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the present study, some classical problems – the Poiseuille flow, the Hagen-Poiseuille flow, and the Couette flow – with the analytical solutions were investigated to verify a newly developed code of SPH. The code used for solving these problems, is an entirely parallel SPH solver in 3D and has been developed by the authors. Fluid was modelled as a viscous liquid with weak compressibility. The boundary walls were simulated with a special set of fixed boundary particles, and no-slip boundary condition was considered. Computational results were compared to available analytical solutions for transient hydraulic processes. Good agreement is achieved for the whole transient stage of the considered problems until steady state is reached. The results of this study highlight the potential of SPH to tackle a broad range of problems in fluid mechanics.

A STABLE LARGE DEFORMATION CORRECTED SPH METHOD BASED ON STABILIZED CONFORMING NODAL INTEGRATION AND LAGRANGIAN KERNELS

2012 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250057
Author(s):  
S. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Particle Methods ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Nodal Integration ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Meshless Approximation ◽  
Complex Phenomena

In this paper, we propose a Galerkin-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation with moving least-squares meshless approximation, applied to solid mechanics and large deformation. Our method is truly meshless and based on Lagrangian kernel formulation and stabilized nodal integration. The performance of the methodology proposed is tested through various simulations, demonstrating the attractive ability of particle methods to handle severe distortions and complex phenomena.

scholarly journals The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and smoothed particle hydrodynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (4) ◽  
pp. 5210-5224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence S Tricco
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Artificial Viscosity ◽  
Numerical Dissipation ◽  
Reference Solution ◽  
Helmholtz Instability ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

ABSTRACT We perform simulations of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The instability is studied both in the linear and strongly non-linear regimes. The smooth, well-posed initial conditions of Lecoanet et al. (2016) are used, along with an explicit Navier–Stokes viscosity and thermal conductivity to enforce the evolution in the non-linear regime. We demonstrate convergence to the reference solution using SPH. The evolution of the vortex structures and the degree of mixing, as measured by a passive scalar ‘colour’ field, match the reference solution. Tests with an initial density contrast produce the correct qualitative behaviour. The $\mathcal {L}_2$ error of the SPH calculations decreases as the resolution is increased. The primary source of error is numerical dissipation arising from artificial viscosity, and tests with reduced artificial viscosity have reduced $\mathcal {L}_2$ error. A high-order smoothing kernel is needed in order to resolve the initial velocity amplitude of the seeded mode and inhibit excitation of spurious modes. We find that standard SPH with an artificial viscosity has no difficulty in correctly modelling the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and yields convergent solutions.

scholarly journals SPH Simulations of the Chemical and Dynamical Evolution of the Galactic Bulge

1993 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 395-396
Author(s):  
T. Tsujimoto ◽  
K. Nomoto ◽  
T. Shigeyama ◽  
Y. Ishimaru
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Heavy Element ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Galactic Bulge ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

We simulate the chemical and dynamical evolution of the galactic bulge with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. We calculate the early phase of galaxy formation in which the bulge is formed through a burst of star formation. The calculated abundance distribution function of stars in the bulge is consistent with the observations of bulge K giants, if the heavy element yields are three times larger than those expected from Salpeter's IMF.

scholarly journals Generating Optimal Initial Conditions for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Diehl ◽  
G. Rockefeller ◽  
C. L. Fryer ◽  
D. Riethmiller ◽  
T. S. Statler
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
New Method ◽  
Voronoi Tessellations ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Resolution Requirements

AbstractWe review existing smoothed particle hydrodynamics setup methods and outline their advantages, limitations, and drawbacks. We present a new method for constructing initial conditions for smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations, which may also be of interest for N-body simulations, and demonstrate this method on a number of applications. This new method is inspired by adaptive binning techniques using weighted Voronoi tessellations. Particles are placed and iteratively moved based on their proximity to neighbouring particles and the desired spatial resolution. This new method can satisfy arbitrarily complex spatial resolution requirements.

A Numerical Study on the Pull-Out Strengths of Anchor Bolts Embedded in Concrete Using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 1111-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Sonoda
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Embedment Depth ◽  
Anchor Bolt ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Anchor Bolts

The strength of an anchor bolt in concrete structure under pull-out load is usually designed by three possible failure modes such as fracture of anchor bolt, cone failure of concrete and bond failure between anchor bolt and concrete. In general, the design load is considered the smallest load corresponding to the aforementioned failure mechanisms. However, unexpected failure often occurs in the anchorage zone due to the complex failure or the change of failure condition. Therefore, it is important to develop the accurate analysis method of ultimate load bearing capacity of the anchor bolt. In this study, we conducted an analytical study using Adaptive Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ASPH) in order to simulate the failure process of anchorage zone and discussed the effect of embedment depth of anchor bolts on their ultimate strength.

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