Retrospective examination of habitat use by blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) using otolith microchemical methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly L. Payne Wynne ◽  
Karen A. Wilson ◽  
Karin E. Limburg
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
First Year ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
Sr:Ca Ratios ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
Retrospective Examination ◽  
Diadromous Species

Understanding the location and duration of habitat use by young fish is important for management and restoration efforts, but is largely unknown in anadromous species. We used otolith microchemistry and ambient water concentrations of Ca, Ba, Mn, and Sr to identify habitat use in the first year of growth for 131 returning adult blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) collected in seven spawning runs along the coast of Maine, USA. Ambient Sr:Ca ratios were correlated with salinity and were used as primary indicators of habitat use. Results revealed variable individual migration histories with several discrete migratory patterns; some fish migrated into seawater well before the end of the first year, while the majority exhibited longer residency in freshwater or low salinity habitat. Total area of available habitats ranged from approximately 213 to 6053 ha fresh water and 204 to 3395 ha estuary. Residency in freshwater or low salinity habitats was positively correlated with extent of freshwater habitat (r = 0.37, P < 0.001). Results emphasize the importance of conserving a variety of habitat types to maintain variation in life histories and ensure plasticity in migratory behavior of diadromous species.

Anomalous migrations of anadromous herrings revealed with natural chemical tracers

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin E Limburg
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
American Shad ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Chemical Tracers ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
Spawning Run

Anadromous herrings of the genus Alosa are generally thought to leave their natal river or estuary at the end of the first growing season and return as mature adults to spawn. Nevertheless, immature yearling alosines have been observed in large numbers in the Hudson River estuary during and after the spring spawning run. I analyzed the stable isotopic ( delta 13C, delta 15N) compositions of 26 blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), eight American shad (Alosa sapidissima), and 10 alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) collected from 55-225 km above the estuary mouth during April-July and compared them with isotopic compositions of young-of-year (resident) alosines, as well as adults (marine phase). delta 13C of the May-caught American shad and alewife indicated a marine origin (greater than -22.5omicron); blueback herring split into both marine and freshwater ( delta 13C less than -25.5omicron) groups. June-caught fish had intermediate values. Microprobe traces of Sr in these fishes' otoliths helped further to discriminate between resident fishes and those that had migrated to sea (or brackish water) and then moved back upriver for a period of several weeks. The combination of biogeochemical tracer methods holds promise for elucidating complex life histories of fishes and helps to pose questions about plasticity of migration.

JUVENILE BLUEBACK HERRING (ALOSA AESTIVALIS) SURVIVAL VIA TURBINE AND SPILLWAY

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Mathur ◽  
Paul G. Heisey ◽  
Kevin J. McGrath ◽  
Thomas R. Tatham
Keyword(s):  
Blueback Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis

Making Sense of “Outsiderness”: How Life History Informs the College Experiences of “Nontraditional” Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lanford
Keyword(s):  
Nontraditional Students ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
College Experiences ◽  
First Year ◽  
College Level ◽  
Nontraditional College Students ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Return To College

This article presents the life histories of two “nontraditional” college students—Demetrius and Christine—as a means to explore the concept of “outsiderness” and its impact on undergraduate student success. Through multiple interviews and observations conducted over the course of a full year, the article first outlines the life circumstances that compelled both students to leave formal education during adolescence. Then, the article details how Demetrius and Christine managed to return to college despite formidable personal and financial challenges. Although both students demonstrate tremendous promise in their college-level coursework, they are wary of their own college readiness, primarily due to their “nontraditional” educational trajectories and a lack of clarity about instructors’ expectations. Hence, the article concludes by considering the forms of support that might help similar nontraditional students succeed in first-year coursework, and eventually graduate from college.

scholarly journals Genetics and Hatchery Management: A Parentage-based Tagging Approach to Blueback Herring Conservation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather K. Evans ◽  
Kara B. Carlson ◽  
Russ Wisser ◽  
Morgan E. Raley ◽  
Katy M. Potoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Method ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
River Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
Additional Challenge ◽  
Nextgeneration Sequencing

Abstract Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis populations throughout the East Coast have declined precipitously since the late 1980s and were listed as a Species of Concern in 2006 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Natural resource agencies are attempting to restore this species to viable and sustainable levels with fry stockings cultured in hatcheries. To evaluate the long-term contribution of stockings to populations, agencies need an accurate method to track these stocking efforts. Genetic parentage-based tagging is recognized as a feasible means of assessing hatchery contribution of stocked fish to rivers of interest. However, Blueback Herring lack a reliable set of genetic markers to conduct parentage-based tagging. To this end, we analyzed previously described microsatellites as well as new microsatellite markers identified through NextGeneration sequencing to create a suite of 14 Blueback Herring markers useful for parentage-based tagging. The markers were successful in parentage analysis for Blueback Herring collected from the Chowan River, North Carolina. An additional challenge in the management of Blueback Herring is the ability to phenotypically distinguish Blueback Herring from the closely related Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus. Furthermore, recent studies provide evidence that these two species, collectively referred to as river herring, may be hybridizing with one another in some systems. Microsatellite marker AsaC334 can be utilized to discriminate between the two species, as well as to identify their F1 hybrids, thereby providing another genetic tool for hatchery management.

scholarly journals Ovarian dynamics and fecundity regulation in blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis , from the Connecticut River, US

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foivos A. Mouchlianitis ◽  
Eric T. Schultz ◽  
Thassya C. Santos Schmidt ◽  
Justin P. Davis ◽  
Kostas Ganias
Keyword(s):  
Connecticut River ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
Ovarian Dynamics

scholarly journals A sea-ice thickness retrieval model for 1.4 GHz radiometry and application to airborne measurements over low salinity sea-ice

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kaleschke ◽  
N. Maaß ◽  
C. Haas ◽  
S. Hendricks ◽  
G. Heygster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Brightness Temperature ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
L Band

Abstract. In preparation for the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, we investigated the potential of L-band (1.4 GHz) radiometry to measure sea-ice thickness. Sea-ice brightness temperature was measured at 1.4 GHz and ice thickness was measured along nearly coincident flight tracks during the SMOS Sea-Ice campaign in the Bay of Bothnia in March 2007. A research aircraft was equipped with the L-band Radiometer EMIRAD and coordinated with helicopter based electromagnetic induction (EM) ice thickness measurements. We developed a three layer (ocean-ice-atmosphere) dielectric slab model for the calculation of ice thickness from brightness temperature. The dielectric properties depend on the relative brine volume which is a function of the bulk ice salinity and temperature. The model calculations suggest a thickness sensitivity of up to 1.5 m for low-salinity (multi-year or brackish) sea-ice. For Arctic first year ice the modelled thickness sensitivity is less than half a meter. It reduces to a few centimeters for temperatures approaching the melting point. The campaign was conducted under unfavorable melting conditions and the spatial overlap between the L-band and EM-measurements was relatively small. Despite these disadvantageous conditions we demonstrate the possibility to measure the sea-ice thickness with the certain limitation up to 1.5 m. The ice thickness derived from SMOS measurements would be complementary to ESA's CryoSat-2 mission in terms of the error characteristics and the spatiotemporal coverage. The relative error for the SMOS ice thickness retrieval is expected to be not less than about 20%.

Evidence for temperature-dependent shifts in spawning times of anadromous alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Lombardo ◽  
Jeffrey A. Buckel ◽  
Ernie F. Hain ◽  
Emily H. Griffith ◽  
Holly White
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Spawning Habitat ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
River Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

We analyzed four decades of presence–absence data from a fishery-independent survey to characterize the long-term phenology of river herring (alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus; and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis) spawning migrations in their southern distribution. We used logistic generalized additive models to characterize the average ingress, peak, and egress timing of spawning. In the 2010s, alewife arrived to spawning habitat 16 days earlier and egressed 27 days earlier (peak 12 days earlier) relative to the 1970s. Blueback herring arrived 5 days earlier and egressed 23 days earlier (peak 13 days earlier) in the 2010s relative to the 1980s. The changes in ingress and egress timing have shortened the occurrence in spawning systems by 11 days for alewife over four decades and 18 days for blueback herring over three decades. We found that the rate of vernal warming was faster during 2001–2016 relative to 1973–1988 and is the most parsimonious explanation for changes in spawning phenology. The influence of a shortened spawning season on river herring population dynamics warrants further investigation.

Migration patterns and seasonal forest use by birds in the Brazilian Pantanal

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO BATISTA DE PINHO ◽  
MÔNICA ARAGONA ◽  
KARLO YOSHIHIRO PIOTO HAKAMADA ◽  
MIGUEL ÂNGELO MARINI
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
Landscape Units

SummaryThe use of forest habitats and migratory patterns are still unclear for tropical birds. Some are described herein for the Pantanal wetlands of Brazil. Thus, our aim was to describe different patterns of forest habitat use by birds and classify the birds’ migration patterns for the northern Pantanal region, Brazil. From September 1999 to December 2003, we sampled four forest types, during which we collected standardised data with mist-net captures and point counts, with additional ad lib. observations. We recorded 214 bird species: 113 (52.8%) were total habitat generalists; 41 (19.2%) were forest generalists; 19 (8.9%) were flooded habitat specialists; and 28 (13.1%) were not classified due to the low number of records; three other categories of habitat use divide the remaining 6% of records. About half of the species showed some migratory behaviour, these were classified by us according to the season they spent in the area: 121 species (56.5%) as residents, 28 (13.1%) as run-off and dry migrants, 11 (5.1%) as run-off (winter) migrants, eight (3.7%) as dry (breeding) migrants, eight (3.7%) as dry and flooding (summer) migrants, eight (3.7%) as flooding migrants, three (1.4%) as flooding and run-off migrants, and 27 (12.6%) as uncommon. We constructed community occupancy models with six of the eight patterns of migration described; flooding migrants and run-off migrants were not modelled since the few species recorded also had very few detections. As expected, the model confirmed that species from all six tested migration patterns arrive and depart from the Pantanal across the seasons. Contrary to most Neotropical forests, there was a high percentage (43.5%) of non-resident species. The results show the need of investing heavily in preserving different landscape units within the Pantanal, but also in the surrounding Cerrado region, in order to conserve resident and short distance intra-tropical migrants.

Lipid content and energy expenditure in the spawning migration of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1902-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Crawford ◽  
R. Roland Cusack ◽  
Timothy R. Parlee
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Blueback Herring ◽  
Alosa Aestivalis ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Very High ◽  
Immature Fish

For the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) total lipid content was neither size nor sex specific. The lipid content of alewife and blueback herring from the LaHave River, Nova Scotia, was similar at 7.6 and 7.0%, respectively. However, in samples from the Margaree River there was a significant difference in lipid content between alewife and blueback herring (7.8% vs. 5.4%, respectively). The difference appeared to be a consequence of water temperature since late migrants of both species had a significantly lower lipid content. For alewife migration in the LaHave River, a distance of 31 km, lipid content declined by 22%, whereas in the Margaree River lipid loss was 18% over 32 km. Lipid content was also dependent on reproductive maturity, with lipid levels of 14.4, 8.7, and 5.4% in immature, prespawning, and spent alewife from site 1 on the Margaree River. Immature fish were characterized by a very high lipid content associated with the visceral organs. Protein utilization was not evident in the prespawning migration of alewife from the LaHave River. Based on lipid depletion the migration energetics of alewife in the two rivers were similar at 21.68 and 18.53 kJ∙kg−1∙km−1 in the LaHave and Margaree Rivers, respectively.

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