Study of the genetic structure of a Brassica napus canola population derived from six interspecific crosses of B. napus × B. oleracea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Nikzad ◽  
Berisso Kebede ◽  
Jani Bhavikkumar ◽  
Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Exotic Alleles

Broadening the genetic base of the C genome of Brassica napus canola is needed for continued improvement of this crop. For this, we developed few hundred canola lines from B. napus × B. oleracea interspecific crosses involving a B. napus canola line and six B. oleracea accessions belonging to four varieties, viz. vars. alboglabra, botrytis, capitata and italica, and following two breeding methods (F2- and BC1 (F1 × B. napus)-derived lines). The objective of this study was to understand the genetic structure of this population regarding the alleles introgressed from B. oleracea by using SSR markers, and to investigate the inheritance of B. oleracea alleles in these re-constituted canola lines. Marker analysis showed that the four B. oleracea varieties were genetically quite distinct. Several canola lines derived from these six crosses tended to group together with their B. oleracea parent demonstrating that the wide diversity of the B. oleracea gene pool can be exploited for broadening the genetic base of the C genome of B. napus canola. Loss of several B. oleracea alleles occurred during the development of these inbred lines. While comparing the two breeding methods for introgression of B. oleracea alleles, significantly greater loss of alleles occurred in the F2-derived population as compared to the BC1-derived population. Thus, the knowledge from this study can be used for efficient introgression of exotic alleles from B. oleracea into B. napus for broadening the genetic base of this crop.

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Brassica napus L. Gene Pool Using SSR Markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hasan ◽  
F. Seyis ◽  
A. G. Badani ◽  
J. Pons-Kühnemann ◽  
W. Friedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and genetic diversity studies of Indian soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars using SSR markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Jeevan Kumar ◽  
C. Susmita ◽  
K. V. Sripathy ◽  
Dinesh K. Agarwal ◽  
Govind Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Purity Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Abstract Background The genetic base of soybean cultivars in India has been reported to be extremely narrow, due to repeated use of few selected and elite genotypes as parents in the breeding programmes. This ultimately led to the reduction of genetic variability among existing soybean cultivars and stagnation in crop yield. Thus in order to enhance production and productivity of soybean, broadening of genetic base and exploring untapped valuable genetic diversity has become quite indispensable. This could be successfully accomplished through molecular characterization of soybean genotypes using various DNA based markers. Hence, an attempt was made to study the molecular divergence and relatedness among 29 genotypes of soybean using SSR markers. Methods and results A total of 35 SSR primers were deployed to study the genetic divergence among 29 genotypes of soybean. Among them, 14 primer pairs were found to be polymorphic producing a total of 34 polymorphic alleles; and the allele number for each locus ranged from two to four with an average of 2.43 alleles per primer pair. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values of SSRs ranged from 0.064 to 0.689 with an average of 0.331. The dendrogram constructed based on dissimilarity indices clustered the 29 genotypes into two major groups and four sub-groups. Similarly, principal coordinate analysis grouped the genotypes into four major groups that exactly corresponded to the clustering of genotypes among four sub-groups of dendrogram. Besides, the study has reported eight unique and two rare alleles that could be potentially utilized for genetic purity analysis and cultivar identification in soybean. Conclusion In the present investigation, two major clusters were reported and grouping of large number of genotypes in each cluster indicated high degree of genetic resemblance and narrow genetic base among the genotypes used in the study. With respect to the primers used in the study, the values of PIC and other related parameters revealed that the selected SSR markers are moderately informative and could be potentially utilized for diversity analysis of soybean. The clustering pattern of dendrogram constructed based on SSR loci profile displayed good agreement with the cultivar’s pedigree information. High level of genetic similarity observed among the genotypes from the present study necessitates the inclusion of wild relatives, land races and traditional cultivars in future soybean breeding programmes to widen the crop gene pool. Thus, hybridization among diverse gene pool could result in more heterotic combinations ultimately enhancing genetic gain, crop yield and resistance to various stress factors.

scholarly journals Performance of testers with different genetic structure for evaluation of maize inbred lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro José Moreira Guimarães ◽  
Glauco Vieira Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima ◽  
Ciro Maia ◽  
Lucimar Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this study was to evaluate four maize testers for identification of superior inbreed lines in testcross. The four testers evaluated are cultivars with narrow or wide genetic base (single-cross hybrids and open pollinated varieties) and two kernel types (flint or dent). SynD and SynF testers are open pollinated varieties with dent and flint kernels, respectively, and FSH and DSH testers are single-cross hybrids with flint and dent kernels, respectively. SynD tester showed the biggest genetic variance among the maize inbreed lines in crosses. The effects of general combining ability (GCA) for lines and specific combining ability (SCA) for lines x testers were significant, whereas GCA effects for testers were not significant. SynD and SynF testers identified the largest number of lines with higher GCA. The DSH and FSH testers showed suitable to identify lines with high SCA. It was concluded that SynD and SynF testers are adequate to identify inbreed lines with high GCA effects, and it's possible to identify new lines with high heterotic potential in each one of the four testers.

Using novel variation in Brassica species to reduce agricultural inputs and improve agronomy of oilseed rape—a case study in pod shatter resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Morgan ◽  
Adrian Bavage ◽  
Ian Bancroft ◽  
David Bruce ◽  
Robin Child ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Pod Shatter ◽  
Novel Variation

AbstractOilseed rape is a very undeveloped crop with regard to efficiency of production and the agronomic practice used to maximize its potential. The genetic potential to modify oilseed rape is limited by the narrow genetic base found within the breeding gene pool, resulting in limited novel variation available for exploitation. Novel variation is, however, present in wild diploid ancestors of oilseed rape and has been made available by developing synthetic Brassica napus. This is illustrated through the use of this material to develop an understanding of pod shattering which is one of the most agronomically important characteristics of the crop. Through a variety of approaches it is shown how progress has been made to understand this trait and how this understanding is being used to improve the crop such that efficiency of production will be enhanced.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Diversity Among Maize Inbred Lines as Inferred From DNA Microsatellites

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 2117-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejun Liu ◽  
Major Goodman ◽  
Spencer Muse ◽  
J Stephen Smith ◽  
Ed Buckler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Core Sets ◽  
Maize Inbreds ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

AbstractTwo hundred and sixty maize inbred lines, representative of the genetic diversity among essentially all public lines of importance to temperate breeding and many important tropical and subtropical lines, were assayed for polymorphism at 94 microsatellite loci. The 2039 alleles identified served as raw data for estimating genetic structure and diversity. A model-based clustering analysis placed the inbred lines in five clusters that correspond to major breeding groups plus a set of lines showing evidence of mixed origins. A “phylogenetic” tree was constructed to further assess the genetic structure of maize inbreds, showing good agreement with the pedigree information and the cluster analysis. Tropical and subtropical inbreds possess a greater number of alleles and greater gene diversity than their temperate counterparts. The temperate Stiff Stalk lines are on average the most divergent from all other inbred groups. Comparison of diversity in equivalent samples of inbreds and open-pollinated landraces revealed that maize inbreds capture <80% of the alleles in the landraces, suggesting that landraces can provide additional genetic diversity for maize breeding. The contributions of four different segments of the landrace gene pool to each inbred group's gene pool were estimated using a novel likelihood-based model. The estimates are largely consistent with known histories of the inbreds and indicate that tropical highland germplasm is poorly represented in maize inbreds. Core sets of inbreds that capture maximal allelic richness were defined. These or similar core sets can be used for a variety of genetic applications in maize.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity analysis of the primary gene pool of chickpea using SSR markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Choudhary ◽  
S.M. Khanna ◽  
P.K. Jain ◽  
C. Bharadwaj ◽  
J. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Primary Gene Pool ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity ◽  
Primary Gene

Broadening genetic diversity inBrassica napuscanola: Development of canola-quality springB. napusfromB. napus×B. oleraceavar.alboglabrainterspecific crosses

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
Rick A. Bennett ◽  
Ginette Séguin-Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Spring Canola ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Canola Quality

Rahman, H., Bennett, R. A. and Séguin-Swartz, G. 2015. Broadening genetic diversity in Brassica napus canola: Development of canola-quality spring B. napus from B. napus × B. oleracea var. alboglabra interspecific crosses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 29–41. The narrow genetic base in spring Brassica napus (AACC) canola is a limitation for continued improvement of this crop. This research focused on broadening of genetic diversity in spring canola by using B. oleracea (CC). Seeds of B. oleracea contain high levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates, which are undesired in canola. Therefore, inheritance of these traits and the prospect of developing spring canola with allelic diversity introgressed from B. oleracea were investigated in B. napus×B. oleracea interspecific progenies. Zero-erucic plants in F2generation occurred at a lower frequency than expected based on segregation involving only the C-genome erucic acid alleles. Selection in F2to F3focused on zero erucic acid, while focus in later generation was for low glucosinolate and B. napus plants. In the F6, 31% zero-erucic families had low glucosinolate content. Flow cytometry analysis of the F8families showed no significant difference from the B. napus parent. Genetic diversity analysis by using simple sequence repeat markers from the C-genome chromosomes showed that the F8families received up to 54% alleles from B. oleracea. The results demonstrate the feasibility of enriching genetic diversity in B. napus canola by using B. oleracea.

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