THE BIOLOGY OF THE MEADOW NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS PRATENSIS (DE MAN) FILIPJEV 1936

The meadow nematode completes its life cycle in 54 to 65 days—25 to 31 days from the larval stage to the adult, and 29 to 34 days from maturation to the second generation. Eggs are deposited by a single female at the rate of not more than one a day. The largest number of eggs laid by a single female in one place was sixteen, owing apparently to migratory habits. The total number of eggs from a single female could not be determined.The adult male and female and all larval stages of this species are capable of entering the roots of oats. They are very susceptible to desiccation. No living nematodes were recovered from invaded root tissue that was allowed to dry. In moist excised oat roots, the nematodes remained viable for more than 30 days, but in water the majority died within the same period. A ten-minute immersion of infested oat roots in hot water will destroy the meadow nematode only when the temperature is 120° F., or higher.

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Study on the biology of groundnut bruchid, Caryedon serratus Olivier [Coleoptera: Bruchidae] on stored groundnut in Ganye area, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2020.03.043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 272-276

Author(s):

C.S. Oaya

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Adult Stage ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Male And Female ◽

Incubation Stage ◽

Caryedon Serratus ◽

The Mean ◽

Total Life

Abstract. Study on the biology of groundnut bruchid, Caryedon serratus Olivier was carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Technology, Adamawa State College of Agriculture, Ganye, Adamawa State from June to September, 2015. The sex of the bruchid (male and female) was assigned the sub-treatment while the period of development was the main treatment and was replicated three times. The work considered the pre-oviposition stage, incubation stage, larval stage, pupal stage, adult stage and the total life cycle of the bruchid (male and female). The experiment was carried out under Laboratory conditions at 30-35°C temperature and 70-90% relative humidity. After the experiment was established, weekly counting of the total number of eggs laid was carried out at intervals. The results showed that, the mean developmental stages in both female and male bruchids were: 6.50 and 6.00 days; 17.00 and 18.00 days; 13.50 and 13.50 days; 12.00 and 13.50 days; 48.00 and 50.00 days for incubation stage, larval stage, pupal stage, adult stage and total life cycle of the bruchids, respectively. Moreover, the mean pre-oviposition and oviposition stages in female adult bruchid were 1.50 and 5.50 days, respectively.

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Nectopsycheof Ecuador: a new species from the high Andean páramo and redescription ofNectopsyche spiloma(Ross) (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4981 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4981

Author(s):

Ralph W. Holzenthal ◽

Blanca Rios-Touma

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Adult Male ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Male And Female ◽

Late Afternoon ◽

Leaf Packs ◽

Sampling Program ◽

A New Species

The male and female of a new species of long-horned caddisfly,Nectopsyche paramo, are described from the high Andes of Ecuador. The new species was found above 4,000 m, representing the highest recorded elevation for a species in the genus. The larval stage of the species is also described. Only a total of 13 larvae were collected during a 17-month sampling program and 11 adults, suggesting that the species is rare. Larvae were found mainly in leaf packs. A male and female were observed in a mating swarm ca. 3 m above a stream during late afternoon. In addition, we redescribe the adult male ofNectopsyche spiloma (Ross), previously known from Ecuador from unsubstantiated literature records.

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Agrotis iremeli sp. n. from the southern Ural Mountains, with description of the larval stage (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Entomologica Fennica ◽

10.33338/ef.84125 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kari Nupponen ◽

Matti Ahola ◽

Jaakko Kullberg

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Female Genitalia ◽

Close Relative ◽

New Taxon ◽

Ural Mountains ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mountain Tundra ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Agrotis iremeli sp. n. is described from the mountains Iremel and Nurgush in the southern Ural Mountains. Altogether 64 specimens were reared from larva and pupa in two localities during three different years. Both habitats were highly isolated mountain tundra regions at an elevation of 1300–1400 m. Also larval and pupal stages of the species are described. The moth belongs to the fatidica-group being a close relative to A. ruta (Eversmann, 1851). The new taxon differs from the latter by basally narrower, more unicolorous and dark reddish brown forewings with indistinct pattern, but also by the details in the structure of male and female genitalia. The larval stage indicates a relationship to A. clavis (Hufnagel, 1766). The adult, male and female genitalia, larval chaetotaxy, pupa and habitat are illustrated.

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THE NUMBER OF LARVAL STAGES OF THYMELICUS LINEOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) IN EASTERN CANADA

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1101293-12 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 110 (12) ◽

pp. 1293-1295 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jeremy N. McNeil

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Prince Edward Island ◽

Head Capsule ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

Male And Female ◽

Head Capsule Width ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Erroneous Interpretation

AbstractUsing Dyar’s Law the number of larval stages in the life cycle of the European skipper, Thymelicus lineola, was determined in Quebec (1974, 1975, 1976), Ontario (1976), and Prince Edward Island (1976). In all regions five larval stages were observed, as in Europe, and not six as previously reported in Ontario. Apparently in this latter case an erroneous interpretation of the significant differences existing between the sexes (relating to head capsule width and developmental time) resulted in male and female fifth stage larvae being considered as fifth and sixth stages respectively.

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On two morphologically different cysticercoids of the genus Eurycestus (Cestoda: Dilepididae) in Artemia franciscana (Arthropoda: Artemiidae) in a hypersaline pond in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/helm-2019-0010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 151-156

Author(s):

R. K. Schuster

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Adult Male ◽

Artemia Franciscana ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Male And Female ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Artificial Pond ◽

High Prevalence

SummaryDuring a survey on tapeworm larval stages in Artemia franciscana from an artificial pond in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, a high prevalence of Eurycestus avoceti-like cysticercoids was established. Adult male and female crustaceans showed a prevalence of 61.9 and 62.7 %, respectively. The intensity ranged from one to four and one to three cyst, respectively. Out of 215 examined cysticercoids, 207 specimens had morphological features matching with E. avoceti. The flaky structure of the surrounding capsule, the elongated shape of the cysticercoid and the larger number of hooklets on the suckers suggest that the eight further larval cestodes belonged to another species of the genus Eurycestus.

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Description and Bionomics of Frankliniella insularis Franklin (Thysanoptera)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300021908 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 365-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Davidson ◽

J. G. Bald

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Food Plants ◽

Single Female ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Mean Temperature ◽

Complete Life Cycle ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Individuals

(1) Frankliniella insularis (Franklin) is found on various food-plants, including tomatos, in the Adelaide area.(2) The life-history and bionomics of the species have been investigated, particularly on tomato plants under glasshouse conditions. The various stages of the insect have been described.(3) The eggs are laid in the tissues of the tomato leaf, and the larvae feed on the leaves or in the flowers; when mature they leave the plants and pupate in the débris on the surface of the soil or penetrate into the upper layers of the soil. Sometimes they pupate on the plant in rolled leaves, depressions in the stem or other similar situations; this habit has been also observed on tomato plants growing in the open during the summer. In carnation flowers eggs were laid in the tissues of the sepals and petals.(4) The duration of the egg stage for 64 examples varied from 9–14 days when the mean daily temperature was 64·5° F. In a number of other observations it was found to vary from 3 days, when the mean temperature was 100° F., to 15 days, when the mean temperature was 63·1°F. The rate of oviposition is markedly affected by temperature: with a mean temperature of 77·5° F., one female laid an average of 3·9 eggs daily; two other females laid an average of 1·2 and 1·7 eggs daily when the mean temperature was 68·2°F.; and another female laid an average of 1·3 eggs when the mean temperature was 67·7° F. Below 60° F. the rate of oviposition is greatly retarded, but egg-laying may extend over a long period: one female continued oviposition over a period of 157 days. The largest number of eggs laid by a single female was 92 over a period of 70 days.(5) The duration of the larval stages for 32 individuals varied from 9 to 13 days when the mean temperature of the periods varied from 66·6° F. to 65·7° F. In a number of observations on other individuals at various times the period varied from 7 to 14 days when the mean temperature varied from 74·9° F. to 63·4° F.(6) The duration of the pupal stages obtained from 19 individuals varied from 7 to 14 days when the mean temperature of the periods varied from 72·8° F. to 66·7° F.(7) The complete life-cycle under glasshouse conditions occupied 36–39 days when the mean temperature of the period was about 66° F. Observations made on a number of individuals at various periods gave a variation in the period of the complete life-cycle from 13 to 41 days with mean temperatures varying from 89·5° F. to 64·1° F.(8) The chief distribution of Frankliniella insularis appears to be the region of Central America. It is common in the Adelaide area during the warmer period of the year (approximately November to April), and rare or absent during the remaining months. Its seasonal occurrence appears to be due to temperature, since it was readily reared at all periods of the year on tomato plants in the glasshouse.(9) The economic importance of the species is due to the fact that G. Samuel and J. G. Bald have shown experimentally that it can transmit the virus of spotted wilt disease of tomatos.

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An account of the eggs and developmental stages of Montagu's blenny, Coryphoblennius galerita (L.), with notes on the reproductive behaviour of the adults

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400040418 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 749-757 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Julie M. Fives

Keyword(s):

Incubation Period ◽

Adult Male ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Reproductive Behaviour ◽

Rock Pools ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Gas Bladder ◽

The One

Montagu's blenny, Coryphoblennius galerita was reared to late larval stage under laboratory conditions. The adult male guarded the eggs and aerated them with its tail during the incubation period. The larvae had a small amount of yolk on hatching and although they appeared to be feeding on the variety of food introduced, no food was observed in the gut. The gas bladder, observable above the gut in all larvae, was filled with gas only in the one specimen, killed at 45 mm T.l., which survived after the yolk was utilized, and in some 4 mm specimens taken from the plankton off Mweenish.Descriptions are given of the larval stages and of juveniles taken from rock pools.

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