Comparing naturally occurring stable isotopes of nitrogen, carbon, and strontium as markers for the rearing locations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P Kennedy ◽  
C Page Chamberlain ◽  
Joel D Blum ◽  
Keith H Nislow ◽  
Carol L Folt
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
C Isotopes ◽  
Naturally Occurring

We compared the success of using naturally occurring stable isotopes of N, C, and Sr as markers for the rearing locations of juvenile salmon. We analyzed the isotopic signatures (δ15N and δ13C in muscle and scales and 87Sr/86Sr in otoliths) of >200 juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from 12 tributaries of the Connecticut River, USA. Young salmon had distinct N and C signatures 5 weeks after stocking. Signatures were stable over the summer although δ13C varied more than δ15N or 87Sr/86Sr. Scale and muscle signatures were highly correlated, demonstrating the feasibility of nonlethal sampling using fish scales. Some C (but not N) signature from the hatchery was retained in scales of 3-month-old fish, implicating scale annuli as a repository for past C signatures. The δ15N values successfully differentiated fish from tributaries with differences in land use (e.g., agricultural versus forested; ≈ 33% of sites); the δ13C values differentiated fish from 45% of sites. Based upon a discriminant-function analysis, group membership of individuals was correctly predicted in 44.3% (74 of 167) of cases for which both N and C were analyzed. In combination, N and C isotopes differentiated 73% of study sites, which was close to the success of Sr isotopes in the same system (83%).

Long-term changes in migration timing of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at the southern edge of the species distribution

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2392-2400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Juanes ◽  
Stephen Gephard ◽  
Kenneth F Beland
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Migration Timing ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Term Changes

The Connecticut River historically represented the southernmost extent of the North American range of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), but the native population was extirpated 200 years ago by dam construction. An extensive restoration effort has relied upon stock transfers from more northerly rivers, especially the Penobscot River (Maine). Recent work has shown differences in age structure between donor and derivative populations. Here we focus on a related life-history trait, the timing of the adult migration. We examined 23 years of migration timing data collected at two capture locations in the Connecticut River drainage. We found that both dates of first capture and median capture dates have shifted significantly earlier by about 0.5 days·year–1. To conclude whether this is a consequence of local adaptation or a coast-wide effect, we also quantified changes in migration timing of more northerly stocks (in Maine and Canada). We found that the changes in migration timing were not unique to the Connecticut River stock and instead observed coherent patterns in the shift towards earlier peak migration dates across systems. These consistent shifts are correlated with long-term changes in temperature and flow and may represent a response to global climate change.

Pasteurellosis in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.: immunohistochemistry of the naturally-occurring disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Foyle ◽  
T Turnbull ◽  
A Ellis ◽  
A Barnes ◽  
A Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Stocks and Management Implications in the Canadian Atlantic Provinces and New England, USA

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1612-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
New England ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Mixed Stock

This paper discusses the diversity of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) expressed as anatomical, physiological, and behavioral differences among stocks in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada and New England, USA. Evidence is reviewed for environmental and genetic influence on a number of stock-specific traits. Unique qualities of particular stocks are described. The loss of salmon from much of its former range is documented and discussed in relation to stock characteristics important in rehabilitation efforts. The mixed stock fisheries in Greenland and Newfoundland are considered from the point of view of interception. It is concluded that identification and management of specific stocks in the Greenland fishery are impracticable at present but that identification of North American components, using discriminant function analysis of scale growth patterns and smolt tagging, should be continued. In Newfoundland knowledge gained from tagging studies allows a significant degree of management of stocks from mainland Canada together with those from Newfoundland and Labrador. Since it is impracticable now to manage the fisheries off Greenland and Newfoundland and off the major Canadian Maritimes salmon-producing rivers—the Miramichi, Restigouche, and Saint John—in strict recognition of stocks, it is suggested that it may be possible to characterize an assemblage of like stocks from given areas and to identify and manage for these in large mixed-stock fisheries. Possible impacts of hatchery plantings are discussed in relation to prospects of success and effects on native stocks. It is concluded that we have the biological basis for evaluating likelihood of success and degree of danger to native stocks from extensive plantings of hatchery-reared juvenile salmon and that such evaluation should be conducted when embarking on projects involving use of hatchery-reared fish as part of a major salmon enhancement program in Atlantic Canada.Key words: genetics, environmental influence, rehabilitation, enhancement, interception, hatcheries, aquaculture

Interactions of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and trout (Salvelinus fontinalis and Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Vermont tributaries of the Connecticut River

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Raffenberg ◽  
Donna L Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Competitive interactions among stream salmonids in resource-limited environments have been linked to reduced success for many species. Few studies have focused on interactions at scales larger than individual fish or stream reach. We chose to focus our study on these larger scales to provide information for managing species that have complex life histories transcending multiple scales. Our objective was to explore age-0 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) growth and survival in relation to trout abundance (introduced rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and native brook (Salvelinus fontinalis) trout) and prey resources at 24 stream reaches across two Vermont watersheds that flow into the Connecticut River. Simple linear and multilinear regressions were conducted on response and predictor variables related to fish and invertebrate prey. Age-0 Atlantic salmon survival was greatest at the site with highest trout abundance; however, no linear relationships to trout abundance were detected possibly because Atlantic salmon growth and survival were highly variable across sites. In contrast, a positive significant multivariate relationship was identified among age-0 Atlantic salmon survival, the abundance of age-1+ brook trout (i.e., 100–130 mm), and benthic prey abundance. These results suggest that stocking streams based on trout abundance may not increase Atlantic salmon growth and survival during the first summer of life.

scholarly journals Increased dietary protein‐to‐lipid ratio improves survival during naturally occurring pancreas disease in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Jens‐Erik Dessen ◽  
Turid Mørkøre ◽  
Jan Ivar Bildøy ◽  
Stig N. Johnsen ◽  
Lars Thomas Poppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Pancreas Disease ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Lipid Ratio

scholarly journals Antibody against infectious salmon anaemia virus among feral Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco C. Cipriano
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
River System ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Penobscot River ◽  
Infectious Salmon Anaemia

AbstractCipriano, R. C. 2009. Antibody against infectious salmon anaemia virus among feral Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 865–870. Archived sera from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that returned to the Penobscot River (Maine), Merrimack River (Massachusetts), and Connecticut River (in Massachusetts) from 1995 to 2002 were analysed for antibodies against infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Up to 60 samples were archived per river system per year. In a given year, the number of fish sampled by ELISA for ISAV antibodies in the Penobscot River ranged from 2.9 to 11.2%, and the range of salmon sampled in the Merrimack River and the Connecticut River was 31.3–100% and 20.0–67.5%, respectively. Archived sera were not available for the 1995 and 2002 year classes from the Connecticut River. In all, 1141 samples were processed; 14 serum samples tested positive for antibodies to ISAV. In the Penobscot River, serum from one fish tested positive in each of the 1995 and 1999 year-class returns, and sera from two fish tested positive in the 1998 returns. In the Merrimack River, sera from four fish tested positive in each of the 1996 and 1997 returns, and sera from two fish were positive in the 2002 return. None of the archived sera from Atlantic salmon that returned to the Connecticut River tested positive.

Parentage and grandparentage assignment with known and unknown matings: application to Connecticut River Atlantic salmon restoration

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1812-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H Letcher ◽  
Tim L King
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Parentage Assignment ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Assignment Success

Large-scale use of parentage assignment of stocked Connecticut River, U.S.A., Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry to determine stocking tributary of emigrating smolts and returning adults requires both parentage assignment and grandparentage assignment. Using computer simulations, we explored the levels of genetic diversity necessary to provide adequate parentage and grandparentage assignment. When matings were known, as in a hatchery, 95% correct grandparentage assignment typically required at least twofold more alleles per locus than did 95% correct parentage assignment. Parentage assignment with unknown matings (as in the wild when parental genotypes can be assayed) required an intermediate number of alleles per locus and grandparentage assignment with unknown matings required the greatest genetic diversity. Computer simulations using empirical parental genotypes (14 loci) and known P1 matings indicated that the genetic diversity of Connecticut River Atlantic salmon broodstock is sufficient to assign all F1 and 97% of F2 offspring to the correct set of two parents or four grandparents, respectively. Grandparentage assignment with unknown P1 matings was ineffective (assignment success = 20%). These results indicate that the combination of parentage and grandparentage assignment can be used as a non-lethal, permanent, heritable "mark" to identify stocking tributary or other management directed characteristics of stocked fry.

Use of stable isotopes to distinguish farmed from wild Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Dempson ◽  
M. Power
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

The Capture of an Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar salar) in the Connecticut River

Copeia ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 1949 (3) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Daniel Merriman ◽  
Yves Jean
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar
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