Cayuga Lake: Effects of Exploitation and Introductions on the Salmonid Community

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Youngs ◽  
Ray T. Oglesby
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
New York State ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Cayuga Lake ◽  
Hypolimnetic Oxygen

Cayuga Lake, a glacially formed, warm monomictic lake in New York State, has an area of 172.1 km2 and a mean depth of 54.5 m. It now exhibits qualitative signs of eutrophication in phytoplankton composition and aquatic vegetation. However, hypolimnetic oxygen depletion has not changed to any great extent over the last fifty years.Early commercial fisheries were for nonsalmonid species. Whitefish have apparently never been common in the lake, though cisco have at times been abundant. In recent times the lake and rainbow trouts have provided an appreciable sport fishery. The lake trout population is maintained by annual stocking at a level that provides good sport fishing. Natural reproduction is not successful for lake trout, presumably due to siltation of spawning areas.Introduced species appear to have caused some changes in the native fish community. The alewife appears to have replaced the cisco and now is the major forage species in the lake. Other important introductions include the smelt and the sea lamprey. The salmonine populations were built up despite the presence of sea lamprey. Life history information on other species common in the lake is presented.

PCB Uptake by Five Species of Fish in Lake Michigan, Green Bay of Lake Michigan, and Cayuga Lake, New York

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Jensen ◽  
S. A. Spigarelli ◽  
M. M. Thommes
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lake Whitefish ◽  
Bioenergetic Model ◽  
Green Bay ◽  
Cayuga Lake

We applied a bioenergetic model to describe uptake of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), brown trout (Salmo trutta), lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Lake Michigan; lake trout and lake whitefish in Green Bay of Lake Michigan; and lake trout in Cayuga Lake, New York. The model describes PCB uptake in terms of metabolism, food consumption, size, and growth. Concentrations of PCBs differ significantly among species; for the same species there are large differences among habitats. The pattern of PCB uptake by brown trout is different from that of the other species. Application of the model with uptake and metabolic parameters estimated by Norstrom et al. describes the trend in the brown trout data; to describe uptake for other species we increased the exponent of weight for metabolism γ. An increase in γ changes the shape of the relation between PCB concentration and body weight from asymptotic to non-asymptotic. In all species tested except brown trout, uptake of PCBs was not asymptotic and concentrations did not approach an equilibrium; accumulation of contaminants was first rapid, decreased toward a plateau, and then began a second rapid increase. Simulation studies indicate that differences in PCB concentrations among species and in the same species among different environments result from differences in metabolic parameters, exposure, size, and rate of growth.Key words: PCBs, bioenergetic model, contaminant uptake, toxicology, fish, Great Lakes, salmon, trout, whitefish

Mercury content of smelt in Cayuga lake in central New York State

Chemosphere ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-392
Author(s):  
Walter H. Gutenmann ◽  
Charlotte M. Reid ◽  
Donald J. Lisk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
York State ◽  
Cayuga Lake ◽  
Central New York

The White Sucker Population of South Bay, Lake Huron, and Effects of the Sea Lamprey on It

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2117-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Lake Trout ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Minimal Distance ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Relationship Of

Information on ecology and dynamics of white suckers, Catostomus commersoni (Lacépède), in South Bay, Lake Huron, was obtained from experimental fishing over more than a decade and from a tagging program in 1955 and 1956. (A total of 1667 suckers were tagged and 8% of them were subsequently recovered.) The fish moved about extensively in the bay, minimal distance travelled averaging 3.8 km during a summer. Nevertheless, it was necessary to divide the bay into discrete fishing areas for calculating population and mortality estimates. The length–weight relationship of adult suckers in June was W = 5.883 × 10−4 L2.92262; where W is weight in pounds and L is fork length in inches. Growth averaged only about 7.6 mm/year, and an annulus was not formed on the scales every year. In 1956 the population may have amounted to about 160,000 adult white suckers, or 23 fish per hectare or 17.5 kg/hectare, for the part of the bay less than 36 m deep. The exploitation rate appeared to be less than 2%. The annual survival rate of suckers larger than approximately 38 cm appeared to be about 70–75% decreasing with size of fish. Although it is not known if the size of the population has changed, the size composition changed between 1953 and 1964 through the loss of larger fish. Marked changes in the fauna of South Bay subsequent to the late 1940's include the invasion of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, and the alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus (Wilson), the disappearance of the lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum), and the decline of the population of the cisco, Coregonus (= Leucichthys) artedii LeSueur. The loss of the larger fish in the white sucker population was probably caused by the sea lamprey, for it occurred after the destruction of the lake trout population and corresponded with increased incidence of lamprey scarring of suckers.

Rehabilitation of Lake Trout in the Apostle Islands Region of Lake Superior

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1377-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Dryer ◽  
George R. King
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Present Rate ◽  
Trout Fishery

Marked success of rehabilitation of lake trout in Lake Superior has been due principally to the control of the sea lamprey and closure of the lake trout fishery in 1962 and large-scale plantings of yearling lake trout in 1959–66. After the sea lamprey became established in the late 1940s, spawning stocks of lake trout began to decrease and were almost nonexistent by 1960–61. After control of the sea lamprey and closure of the commercial fishery for lake trout in 1962, the abundance of spawning stocks began to rise and reached the highest levels on record in 1964–66. Successful spawning in 1964 and 1965 was demonstrated by catches of age-0 lake trout in 1965 and 1966, the first evidence of natural reproduction since 1959.Plantings of hatchery-reared lake trout in Wisconsin waters of Lake Superior began in 1952. The percentage of hatchery-reared fish in catches of juvenile lake trout increased almost steadily from 1953 to 1965 (when nearly all were of hatchery origin). The abundance of juvenile fish increased from 1959 to 1962 and remained nearly constant in 1962–66. The success of lake trout plantings was highest in 1959–61 but generally declined after 1961; the success of the plantings was inversely related to the abundance of older lake trout.Annual increments of growth of hatchery-reared lake trout varied from 1.1 to 5.0 inches after planting. The average lengths of fish of identical age-groups varied according to gear of capture, depth of water, and season. More than 65% of the season's growth of age-III lake trout took place after September.The findings indicated that the present rate of stocking lake trout may be higher than necessary to maintain optimum abundance.

A Survey of the Total Cadmium Content of 406 Fish from 49 New York State Fresh Waters

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1283-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Lovett ◽  
Walter H. Gutenmann ◽  
Irene S. Pakkala ◽  
William D. Youngs ◽  
Donald J. Lisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
New York State ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
York State ◽  
Fresh Waters ◽  
Central New York

Fish from New York State fresh waters were surveyed for total cadmium. The majority of samples contained 20 ppb or below. The remainder showed concentrations up to 100 ppb with only few above this concentration. Fishes from central New York waters rarely contained cadmium greater than 20 ppb. Fish from Adirondack waters contained cadmium above 20 ppb most consistently. These higher concentrations may be related to generally higher background cadmium levels in this Adirondack area where many metallic ore deposits are located with which cadmium is typically associated. Cadmium accumulation only occasionally appeared species-dependent. No relation was obvious between total residues of the metal and size or sex of fish or age of lake trout. The cadmium concentrations observed are comparable to those commonly present in many other foods.

Estimate of Lamprey-Induced Mortality in a Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Population

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2151-2158 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Youngs
Keyword(s):  
Lake Trout ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Cayuga Lake

A competing risk model was applied to mortality occurring in a lake trout population subjected to fishing and lamprey parasitism. Two indices are proposed as a measure of lamprey-induced mortality in the lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) population: the average number of wounds per fish (W/F) and the average number of scars per fish (S/F) accumulated by a cohort over a period of 1 yr. These indices were used as a measure of the force of lamprey-induced mortality. Fishing mortality was estimated from angler returns of tags on lake trout. Tag returns were also used in a maximum likelihood method to estimate survival of lake trout. Fishing and lamprey-induced mortality components of the model were analyzed by linear regression methods with the force of total mortality (i) as the independent variable. The component for lamprey-induced mortality (either W/F or S/F) did not contribute significantly to the reduction in variation of the force of total mortality, but the component for fishing mortality was significant. A negative coefficient for some analyses associated with the component for lamprey-induced mortality suggested a possible conditioning influence by other factors. Growth of lake trout was examined as a possible conditioning factor but analyses suggested that growth did not influence survival. Lamprey did not apparently cause any appreciable mortality in the lake trout population, age 4 and older, in Cayuga Lake during the years studied. It was not possible to consider younger age-groups of lake trout. Keywords: lake trout, lamprey, mortality

Observed and Calculated Lengths of Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Cayuga Lake, New York

1960 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
Dwight A. Webster ◽  
William A. Lund ◽  
Richard W. Wahl ◽  
William D. Youngs
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Cayuga Lake

Residues of p,p′-DDE in lake trout in Little Moose Lake in New York State

Chemosphere ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-406
Author(s):  
William D. Youngs ◽  
Walter H. Gutenmann ◽  
Daniel C. Josephson ◽  
Mark D. Miller ◽  
Donald J. Lisk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State
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