Diel Movement of Walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, in West Blue Lake, Manitoba, as Determined by Ultrasonic Tracking

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2070-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. M. Kelso
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Blue Lake ◽  
Diel Movement ◽  
Ultrasonic Tracking ◽  
Sloping Bottom ◽  
Ultrasonic Transmitters

Eight walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) between 2 and 5 yr of age were equipped with ultrasonic transmitters, released, and followed for periods up to 24 h. During the study period, September 24–October 2, 1975, West Blue Lake was thermally stratified. Movement was limited to the homothermous epilimnion, above 10 m, and to the region of steeply sloping bottom of about 5–10 m which was usually within 100 m of shore. Midbasin crossings of the lake were infrequent. Transmitter attachment caused temporary high activity after which a more normal rhythm was apparent with peaks of activity at dusk and dawn. The majority, 86%, of observed swimming speeds were under 1 body length s−1. Since much localized activity, too restricted to measure, was apparent, these observations must be regarded as only approximations of natural activity.

Estimated swimming speeds of migrating adult sockeye salmon

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2160-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Current Speed ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Ultrasonic Tracking

Laboratory studies have indicated that the most efficient swimming speeds for adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) are about 1.8 km/h, corresponding to 0.82 body length/s. Swimming is relatively efficient within the range of 1.0–2.6 km/h. To estimate the actual swimming speeds of migrants, ultrasonic tracking data for the ground speeds of 25 sockeye salmon returning to the Fraser River, British Columbia, were combined with simultaneous current speed data from drogues. There was significant variation in speed among fish but all estimates were within the range predicted from experimental results. The average estimated swimming speed, 66.75 cm/s (2.40 km/h) corresponded to 1.0 body length/s.

Net Avoidance Behavior in American Shad (Alosa sapidissima) as Observed by Ultrasonic Tracking Techniques

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1167-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Leggett ◽  
Robert A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
American Shad ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Alosa Sapidissima ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Ultrasonic Tracking ◽  
Ultrasonic Transmitters

During tracking of 13 adult American shad (Alosa sapidissima) with ultrasonic transmitters in 49 approaches to commercial drift gillnets in the lower Connecticut River, only one shad was captured. Typically, shad moved to within 1–2 m of the net before sensing its presence, then turned and swam along the net, close to the mesh, to its end, where they turned and continued their upriver migration. Sight appeared to play an important role in net detection. However, 14 avoidances were observed when light intensities were inadequate to allow visual detection of the mesh. It was concluded that other senses, perhaps the lateral line, also function in net avoidance, especially when sight is impaired.

Effects of Fry and Fingerling Introductions on Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Production in West Blue Lake, Manitoba

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2133-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob F. Schweigert ◽  
F. J. Ward ◽  
J. W. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Total Catch ◽  
Introduced Fish ◽  
Fish Introduction ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Blue Lake ◽  
Wet Weight

Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) were introduced into West Blue Lake, Manitoba, as fry in 1971 and as fry and fingerlings in 1972. Introduced fish were selected to possess malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isozyme phenotypes different from native walleye. The fingerlings were also fin clipped. During the summer months of 1973, 1974, and 1975 fish were recaptured by gill net. Muscle from recaptured fish was used for the determination of MDH isozyme phenotype whereby the contribution of the introduced fish to year-class abundance, biomass, and production was calculated.The 1971 introduction augmented the year-class by 38% but this brood provided only 1.3% of the total catch during the September 1974 to August 1975 period. In contrast, the 1972 introductions formed 99% of the year-class and contributed 37.8% of the total catch in the same 1974–75 period. The fingerling introduction formed only 7.0% of the 1972 year-class abundance in 1975.Introduced fish provided 54% of the total walleye production of 260 kg (wet weight) during the period September 15, 1974 to August 8, 1975. Production by introduced fish was apportioned as follows: 1972 fry 91%; 1972 fingerlings 7.4%; 1971 fry 1.7%. This investigation demonstrates the important contribution that introduced walleye fry may make to production and the utility of isozyme "tagging" in the evaluation offish introductions. Key words: walleye, Stizostedion, production, fry introductions, malate dehydrogenase, MDH, isozymes, fish, introduction evaluation

Swimming Depth of Adult American Eels (Anguilla rostrata) in a Saltwater Bay as Determined by Ultrasonic Tracking

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Stasko ◽  
S. A. Rommel Jr.
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Anguilla Rostrata ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Intermediate Depth ◽  
Swimming Depth ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Ultrasonic Tracking ◽  
American Eels ◽  
Ultrasonic Transmitters

Pressure-sensing ultrasonic transmitters in the gut were used to determine the swimming depth of five American eels (Anguilla rostrata) in Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, in autumn. The eels made frequent dives from surface to bottom, in places diving at least 45 m deep, at vertical speeds to 76 cm/s. About one quarter of the time was spent near the surface; very little time was spent near the bottom or at any constant intermediate depth range.

Vital Statistics, Biomass, and Seasonal Production of an Unexploited Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Population in West Blue Lake, Manitoba

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. M. Kelso ◽  
F. J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Daily Mortality ◽  
Blue Lake ◽  
New Recruits

The population of walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, (25 cm and greater) in West Blue Lake, Man., in May 1969 decreased from 1090 to 819 in May 1970. During summer and fall, the initial population was supplemented by new recruits, age II+, reaching a maximum of 3451 in September 1969. The total population in May 1970 was 2037. Mean daily mortality for all ages was small for the year, 0.0045, but loss rate was greatest in fall and winter. Growth in length was greatest for age II+ followed by older fish. Growth in weight was similar for ages III–V and lowest for age II+. Mean biomass, approximately 800 kg, was similar in May 1969 and May 1970. Production, 340 kg, coincided with the growing season (June to October) and was greatest from June to September. Greatest contribution to walleye production and biomass was made by age II+ fish. During winter and spring, zero or negative production occurred.

High-activity samarium-153-EDTMP therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell support in unresectable osteosarcoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (06) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bielack ◽  
S. Flege ◽  
J. Eckardt ◽  
J. Sciuk ◽  
H. Jürgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Stem Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
External Radiotherapy ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Summary Purpose: Despite highly efficacious chemotherapy, patients with osteosarcomas still have a poor prognosis if adequate surgical control cannot be obtained. These patients may benefit from therapy with radiolabeled phosphonates. Patients and Methods: Six patients (three male, three female; seven to 41 years) with unresectable primary osteosarcoma (n = 3) or unresectable recurrent sites of osteosarcomas (n = 3) were treated with high-activity of Sm-153-EDTMP (150 MBq/kg BW). In all patients autologous peripheral blood stem cells had been collected before Sm-153-EDTMP therapy. Results: No immediate adverse reactions were observed in the patients. In one patient bone pain increased during the first 48 hrs after therapy. Three patients received pain relief. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell reinfusion was performed on day +12 to +27 in all patients to overcome potentially irreversible damage to the hematopoietic stem cells. In three patient external radiotherapy of the primary tumor site was performed after Sm-153-EDTMP therapy and in two of them polychemotherapy was continued. Thirty-six months later one of these patients is still free of progression. Two further patients are still alive. However, they have developed new metastases. The three patients who had no accompanying external radiotherapy, all died of disease progression five to 20 months after therapy. Conclusion: These preliminary results show that high-dose Sm-153-EDTMP therapy is feasible and warrants further evaluation of efficacy. The combination with external radiation and polychemotherapy seems to be most promising. Although osteosarcoma is believed to be relatively radioresistant, the total focal dose achieved may delay local progression or even achieve permanent local tumor control in patients with surgically inaccessible primary or relapsing tumors.

Gastric Fibrinolysis

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M Nilsson ◽  
S.-E Bergentz ◽  
U Hedner ◽  
K Kullenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Duodenal Juice ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Local Fibrinolysis ◽  
Heated Plates

SummaryGastric juice from 15 normals, 20 patients with gastric ulcer and 4 patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis was investigated in respect of its activity on unheated and heated fibrin plates and its content of FDP and plasminogen or plasmin with immunochemical methods. Gastric juice from normals showed no activity on unheated and heated fibrin plates, and no FDP or plasminogen could be demonstrated. In the patients with gastric ulcer the gastric juice showed little or no fibrinolytic activity on fibrin plates except in 2, who had regurgitation of duodenal juice and neutral pH of the juice. These patients had equally high activity on heated as on unheated plates and no plasmin could be demonstrated. It was shown that this activity was not due to fibrinolysis, but to non-specific proteolytic activity (probably trypsin). The patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis exhibited quite a different picture. The gastric juice from these patients showed extremely high activity on fibrin plates, the activity was higher on unheated than on heated plates. The activity was inhibited in vitro by addition of EACA and in vivo after administration of AMCA. The occurrence of plasmin could be demonstrated directly immunologically in the gastric juice. By comparison of plasmin and trypsin in various assays it could further be proved that the gastric juice in these cases contained plasminogen activator and plasmin. The patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis showed no increase in fibrinolysis in the blood, but low values for plasminogen and α2M, and the serum contained FDP. These findings in the blood and gastric juice were interpreted as signs of local fibrinolysis in the stomach and duodenum. There is reason to assume that this gastric fibrinolysis contributes substantially to the bleeding tendency. The effect of administration of AMCA on fibrinolytic activity and the haemorrhage lends support to the assumption of such a mechanism.

Separation of Heparin into Subtractions by DEAE-Cellulose Chromatography

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1452-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Yue ◽  
Toby Starr ◽  
Menard M Gertler
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Net Charge ◽  
Uronic Acid Content ◽  
Successful Separation ◽  
Salt Gradient ◽  
Structure And Activity ◽  
Low Activity

SummaryCommercial porcine heparin can be separated into three distinct subtractions by using DEAE-cellulose chromatography and a stepped salt gradient. Gram quantities of heparin can be fractionated by this technique. All three heparin subtractions can accelerate the inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III with different efficiency. The specific activities of the high activity heparin, intermediate activity heparin and low activity heparin are 228 units/mg, 142 units/mg and 95 units/mg, respectively. Both the uronic acid content and the quantity of N-SO4 for all three heparin subfractions have been evaluated. The high activity heparin has the lowest uronic acid and N-SO4 content. The successful separation of commercial heparin into three distinct subfractions by means of ion-exchange chromatography suggests that the net charge on these three heparin components will serve as a model system in the elucidation of the structure and activity relationship to the biological function of heparin.

Number of intrauterine eggs in female Enterobius vermicularis by body length

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yull Cho ◽  
Im Won Chang ◽  
Hyun Jung Jang
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis
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