Factors Affecting the Relation Between Phosphorus and Chlorophyll a in Midwestern Reservoirs

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark V. Hoyer ◽  
John R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Inorganic Solids ◽  
Flushing Rate ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
The Mean

The mean chlorophyll a (mg/m3) yield per unit of total phosphorus (mg/m3) (P–C relation) in 96 midwest reservoirs and the variance about this yield was similar to relations for natural lakes reported in the literature. The remaining error term for this relation could not be reduced by adding variables for nitrogen, zooplankton abundance, or hydrologic flushing rate. In reservoirs with ratios of total nitrogen to total phosphorus of less than 10, nitrogen accounted for the same amount of variance in chlorophyll a as did phosphorus. Using partial regression path analysis, we found that when the concentration of phosphorus was held constant, increasing the concentration of inorganic suspended solids (mg/L) significantly decreased chlorophyll a. The following multivariate equation was developed to account for the effect of inorganic solids on the P–C relation:[Formula: see text]This equation accounted for 7% more variance than the univariate equation and the 95% predictive confidence interval, at an average phosphorus concentration, was reduced by 10%. This equation should be useful for predicting chlorophyll a in lakes with inorganic turbidities. When Secchi transparency data were regressed on both chlorophyll a and inorganic suspended solids, they accounted for 42% more variance in transparency than did chlorophyll a.Key words: lake trophic state, nitrogen, zooplankton, flushing rate, suspended solids, reservoirs

Applicability of Phosphorus Budget Models to Small Precambrian Lakes, Algonquin Park, Ontario

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Scheider
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Budget ◽  
The Mean

Phosphorus and hydrological budgets were constructed for four small lakes with Precambrian drainage in Algonquin Park, Ontario. Lake outflow discharge ranged from 21.7 × 105 to 177 × 105 m3∙yr−1. Annual phosphorus input to the lakes from terrestrial drainage and precipitation totaled 36.3–188 kg∙yr−1. The lakes retained 16–41% of the annual input. These data were used to test a series of models that predict the spring total phosphorus concentration in lake water and the mean summer chlorophyll a. The predicted spring phosphorus concentration agreed well with measured values (within 1.3 mg∙m−3) except where human-associated phosphorus input may have contributed to the phosphorus budget of the lake. Agreement between predicted and measured chlorophyll a was not as close. A figure of 0.48 kg P∙capita−1∙yr−1 was calculated as the human-associated supply. Key words: phosphorus budget, chlorophyll a, predictive model, Precambrian lake

Comparison of the Phosphorus–Chlorophyll Relationships in Mixed and Stratified Lakes

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Riley ◽  
E. E. Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Stratified Lakes ◽  
The Mean

Data from the literature were used to calculate separate regressions of summer chlorophyll a concentration ([Chl a]) on spring total phosphorus concentration ([TP]) for lakes that remain thermally stratified during the summer and lakes that mix intermittently during the summer. Significant differences were found in the spring [TP] – summer [Chl a] relationships for the two lake types (P < 0.05). The mean ratios of summer [TP] to spring [TP] were also significantly different in stratified and mixed lakes (P < 0.001); this difference is the explanation offered for why the spring [TP] – summer [Chl a] relationships were different in stratified and mixed lakes.

Forest harvest impacts on water quality and aquatic biota on the Boreal Plain: introduction to the TROLS lake program

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
E E Prepas ◽  
B Pinel-Alloul ◽  
D Planas ◽  
G Méthot ◽  
S Paquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Buffer Strip ◽  
Stratified Lakes ◽  
Lake Volume ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Eleven headwater lakes in Alberta's Boreal Plain were monitored for nutrients and plankton 2 years before and 2 years after variable watershed harvesting (harvesting mean 15%, range 0-35%). After harvesting, variations in annual precipitation resulted in lake water residence times that differed by an order of magnitude from one year to the next. During the first posttreatment year, total phosphorus concentrations increased (overall 40%) in most lakes; however, response was most consistent in lakes that were shallow and the water column mixed or weakly thermally stratified. Chlorophyll a, cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon-Anabaena), and cyanotoxins (microcystin-LR) increased after harvesting, primarily in shallow lakes. Zooplankton abundance and biomass decreased after harvesting, particularly in stratified lakes where edible phytoplankton biomass declined. In the weakly or nonstratified lakes, declines in zooplankton biomass were associated with higher cyanobacterial biomass and cyanotoxins. Posttreatment change in total phosphorus concentration was strongly related to weather (greatest response in a wet year) and relative drainage basin size (drainage basin area to lake volume, r2 = 0,78, P << 0,01). There was no evidence that buffer strip width (20, 100, and 200 m) influenced lake response. These results suggest that activities within the entire watershed should be the focus of catchment-lake interactions.

Improvements in Quantifying the Phosphorus Concentration in Lake Water

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Prepas ◽  
F. H. Rigler
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Water Bottle ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
The Mean

Vertical and horizontal patterns in limnetic phosphorus concentrations ([P]) were detected in an oligotrophic lake by dividing the total phosphorus pool into two fractions: dissolved and particulate matter smaller than 250 μm (smaller fraction) and particulate matter larger than 250 μm (larger fraction). The smaller fraction was estimated from samples collected with a water bottle, and the larger fraction was estimated with tow net samples taken at several stations and to various depths. Our samples were digested with potassium persulfate which gave less variable results than other acid digestion techniques. The average variance associated with the mean [P] (n = 3) for samples collected and analyzed according to our procedure was less than 0.05 mg P/m3. During summer stratification there was a consistent metalimnetic maximum in the smaller fraction, and there were small but significant differences in the concentrations found at two stations less than 1 km apart. During the same period the larger fraction was a significant portion (14–28%) of the phosphorus pool in the epilimnion which varied from 3 to 5 m in depth. It was a relatively constant portion of the phosphorus in the trophogenic zone (0–10 m) and in the 0- to 20-m portion of the water column i.e. 10–14% and 7.3–8.8%, respectively. In a separate experiment it was shown that by removing the larger fraction, the average variance associated with the mean [P] was reduced from 1.0, to 2.4 × 10−2 mg/m3. This reduction occurred because the larger fraction contained zooplankters with relatively high but variable amounts of phosphorus, and which occur in densities too low to be adequately sampled with the smaller fraction.Key words: phorphorus, lakes, phosphorus in zooplankton

A Simple Method for Predicting the Capacity of a Lake for Development Based on Lake Trophic Status

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1519-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Dillon ◽  
F. H. Rigler
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Load ◽  
Secchi Disc ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Trophic Status

A general technique is presented for calculating the capacity of a lake for development based on quantifiable relationships between nutrient inputs and water quality parameters reflecting lake trophic status. Use of the technique for southern Ontario lakes is described. From the land use and geological formations prevalent in a lake’s drainage basin, the phosphorus exported to the lake in runoff water can be calculated, which, when combined with the input directly to the lake’s surface in precipitation and dry fallout, gives a measure of the natural total phosphorus load. From the population around the lake, the maximum artificial phosphorus load to the lake can be calculated and, if necessary, modified according to sewage disposal facilities used. The sum of the natural and artificial loads can be combined with a measure of the lake’s morphometry expressed as the mean depth, the lake’s water budget expressed as the lake’s flushing rate, and the phosphorus retention coefficient of the lake, a parameter dependent on both the lake’s morphometry and water budget, to predict springtime total phosphorus concentration in the lake. Long-term average runoff per unit of land area, precipitation, and lake evaporation data for Ontario provide a means of calculating the necessary water budget parameters without expensive and time-consuming field measurements. The predicted spring total phosphorus concentration can be used to predict the average chlorophyll a concentration in the lake in the summer, and this, in turn, can be used to estimate the Secchi disc transparency. Thus, the effects of an increase in development on a lake’s water quality can be predicted. Conversely, by setting limits for the "permissible" summer average chlorophyll a concentration or Secchi disc transparency, the "permissible" total phosphorus concentration at spring overturn can be calculated. This can be translated into "permissible" artificial load, which can then be expressed as total allowable development. This figure can be compared to the current quantity of development and recommendations made concerning the desirability of further development on the lake.

Empirical Prediction of Crustacean Zooplankton Biomass and Profundal Macrobenthos Biomass in Lakes

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Hanson ◽  
Robert Henry Peters
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Surface ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Surface Area

We used data taken from the literature to develop and compare several estimators of crustacean zooplankton biomass (49 lakes) and profundal macrobenthos biomass (38 lakes). Both mean zooplankton biomass (r2 = 0.72, P < 0.001) and mean profundal macrobenthos biomass (r2 = 0.48, P < 0.001) correlated better with mean total phosphorus concentration than with Secchi depth, mean depth, maximum depth, or lake surface area. Mean total phosphorus concentration was also superior to mean chlorophyll a concentration (r2 = 0.57, P < 0.001) as an estimator of zooplankton biomass, but data were insufficient to evaluate chlorophyll a concentration as an estimator of macrobenthos biomass. Inclusion of maximum depth as a variable in a multiple regression resulted in a slight but significant (P < 0.030) improvement in the zooplankton–total phosphorus relationship (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.001). Inclusion of lake surface area as a variable in a multiple regression significantly (P < 0.001) improved the predictive power of the profundal macrobenthos–total phosphorus relationship (R2 = 0.59, P < 0.001).

Seasonal pattern and inferred phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton biomass in two tropical reservoirs in northern Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon A. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
River Reservoir ◽  
Annual Range

Manton River Reservoir (MRR) and Darwin River Reservoir (DRR) are two small impoundments in the Australian wet/dry tropics. Over an eight-year period, chlorophyll a concentrations in the mixed layer averaged 3.6 µg L−1 in DRR, and 7.1 µg L−1 in MRR. The seasonal pattern of chlorophyll a at MRR was influenced by wet season wash-out (February average 4.8 µg L−1 ), and dry season destratification and nutrient enrichment of the surface waters (July average 8.4 mg L−1 ). In contrast, DRR exhibited near uniform chlorophyll a concentrations over the year. The seasonal patterns of DRR and MRR chlorophyll a are typical of tropical water bodies which tend to have a smaller annual range than temperate lakes, though this can be modified by significant wash-out. Empirical evidence suggests that the phytoplankton biomass of each reservoir is phosphorus limited, relative to the potential provided by other nutrients and light energy. This conclusion is based on a regression of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations of pooled DRR and MRR data (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.90), and the high total-nitrogen to total-phosphorus concentration ratios (by weight) of 50 and 37 in DRR and MRR, respectively. Annual chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentrations for both reservoirs are in accord with the OECD regression for temperate lakes and reservoirs.

The Performance of a Series of Five Deep Waste Stabilization Ponds in Northeast Brazil

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Silva ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
R. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Similar Series ◽  
The Mean

The performance was studied of a series of 2.2 m deep anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds, which had an overall retention time of 25 days, and a mean mid-depth temperature of 25°C. The mean percentage removals of BOD, COD, suspended solids and faecal coliforms were 88, 69, 83 and 99.97 respectively; there was only 4 percent reduction of ammonia and 6 percent of total phosphorus. The results are compared with those previously reported for a similar series of 1 – 1.2 m deep ponds at the same site.

Longitudinal and seasonal development of planktonio chlorophyll a in the Rideau River, Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Basu ◽  
F. R. Pick
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Rideau River

Planktonic chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentrations in the Rideau River, Ontario showed longitudinal and seasonal variation and ranged from 2 to 19 μg∙L−1. Chlorophyll a concentrations in the river were not simply a reflection of the concentrations in the headwaters. On movement from the lentic headwaters into the lotic river waters there was usually a significant decrease in chl-a concentration. Downstream there were reaches of net increase in chl-a (sources), reaches of no change in concentration, and reaches of net decrease (sinks). Increases in concentration only occurred over reaches with retention times of 72 h or longer. No increases in chl-a concentration occurred over a reach with a retention time less than 50 h. Chlorophyll a concentration was not significantly correlated with discharge. Chlorophyll a concentration was positively related to total phosphorus concentration (R2 = 0.15, p = 0.016). About 50% of the variation in chl-a concentration could be accounted for by a combination of total phosphorus, nitrate, and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document