Comparison of the Phosphorus–Chlorophyll Relationships in Mixed and Stratified Lakes

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Riley ◽  
E. E. Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Stratified Lakes ◽  
The Mean

Data from the literature were used to calculate separate regressions of summer chlorophyll a concentration ([Chl a]) on spring total phosphorus concentration ([TP]) for lakes that remain thermally stratified during the summer and lakes that mix intermittently during the summer. Significant differences were found in the spring [TP] – summer [Chl a] relationships for the two lake types (P < 0.05). The mean ratios of summer [TP] to spring [TP] were also significantly different in stratified and mixed lakes (P < 0.001); this difference is the explanation offered for why the spring [TP] – summer [Chl a] relationships were different in stratified and mixed lakes.

Longitudinal and seasonal development of planktonio chlorophyll a in the Rideau River, Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Basu ◽  
F. R. Pick
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Rideau River

Planktonic chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentrations in the Rideau River, Ontario showed longitudinal and seasonal variation and ranged from 2 to 19 μg∙L−1. Chlorophyll a concentrations in the river were not simply a reflection of the concentrations in the headwaters. On movement from the lentic headwaters into the lotic river waters there was usually a significant decrease in chl-a concentration. Downstream there were reaches of net increase in chl-a (sources), reaches of no change in concentration, and reaches of net decrease (sinks). Increases in concentration only occurred over reaches with retention times of 72 h or longer. No increases in chl-a concentration occurred over a reach with a retention time less than 50 h. Chlorophyll a concentration was not significantly correlated with discharge. Chlorophyll a concentration was positively related to total phosphorus concentration (R2 = 0.15, p = 0.016). About 50% of the variation in chl-a concentration could be accounted for by a combination of total phosphorus, nitrate, and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations.

Applicability of Phosphorus Budget Models to Small Precambrian Lakes, Algonquin Park, Ontario

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Scheider
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Budget ◽  
The Mean

Phosphorus and hydrological budgets were constructed for four small lakes with Precambrian drainage in Algonquin Park, Ontario. Lake outflow discharge ranged from 21.7 × 105 to 177 × 105 m3∙yr−1. Annual phosphorus input to the lakes from terrestrial drainage and precipitation totaled 36.3–188 kg∙yr−1. The lakes retained 16–41% of the annual input. These data were used to test a series of models that predict the spring total phosphorus concentration in lake water and the mean summer chlorophyll a. The predicted spring phosphorus concentration agreed well with measured values (within 1.3 mg∙m−3) except where human-associated phosphorus input may have contributed to the phosphorus budget of the lake. Agreement between predicted and measured chlorophyll a was not as close. A figure of 0.48 kg P∙capita−1∙yr−1 was calculated as the human-associated supply. Key words: phosphorus budget, chlorophyll a, predictive model, Precambrian lake

Forest harvest impacts on water quality and aquatic biota on the Boreal Plain: introduction to the TROLS lake program

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
E E Prepas ◽  
B Pinel-Alloul ◽  
D Planas ◽  
G Méthot ◽  
S Paquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Buffer Strip ◽  
Stratified Lakes ◽  
Lake Volume ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Eleven headwater lakes in Alberta's Boreal Plain were monitored for nutrients and plankton 2 years before and 2 years after variable watershed harvesting (harvesting mean 15%, range 0-35%). After harvesting, variations in annual precipitation resulted in lake water residence times that differed by an order of magnitude from one year to the next. During the first posttreatment year, total phosphorus concentrations increased (overall 40%) in most lakes; however, response was most consistent in lakes that were shallow and the water column mixed or weakly thermally stratified. Chlorophyll a, cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon-Anabaena), and cyanotoxins (microcystin-LR) increased after harvesting, primarily in shallow lakes. Zooplankton abundance and biomass decreased after harvesting, particularly in stratified lakes where edible phytoplankton biomass declined. In the weakly or nonstratified lakes, declines in zooplankton biomass were associated with higher cyanobacterial biomass and cyanotoxins. Posttreatment change in total phosphorus concentration was strongly related to weather (greatest response in a wet year) and relative drainage basin size (drainage basin area to lake volume, r2 = 0,78, P << 0,01). There was no evidence that buffer strip width (20, 100, and 200 m) influenced lake response. These results suggest that activities within the entire watershed should be the focus of catchment-lake interactions.

A Simple Method for Predicting the Capacity of a Lake for Development Based on Lake Trophic Status

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1519-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Dillon ◽  
F. H. Rigler
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Load ◽  
Secchi Disc ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Trophic Status

A general technique is presented for calculating the capacity of a lake for development based on quantifiable relationships between nutrient inputs and water quality parameters reflecting lake trophic status. Use of the technique for southern Ontario lakes is described. From the land use and geological formations prevalent in a lake’s drainage basin, the phosphorus exported to the lake in runoff water can be calculated, which, when combined with the input directly to the lake’s surface in precipitation and dry fallout, gives a measure of the natural total phosphorus load. From the population around the lake, the maximum artificial phosphorus load to the lake can be calculated and, if necessary, modified according to sewage disposal facilities used. The sum of the natural and artificial loads can be combined with a measure of the lake’s morphometry expressed as the mean depth, the lake’s water budget expressed as the lake’s flushing rate, and the phosphorus retention coefficient of the lake, a parameter dependent on both the lake’s morphometry and water budget, to predict springtime total phosphorus concentration in the lake. Long-term average runoff per unit of land area, precipitation, and lake evaporation data for Ontario provide a means of calculating the necessary water budget parameters without expensive and time-consuming field measurements. The predicted spring total phosphorus concentration can be used to predict the average chlorophyll a concentration in the lake in the summer, and this, in turn, can be used to estimate the Secchi disc transparency. Thus, the effects of an increase in development on a lake’s water quality can be predicted. Conversely, by setting limits for the "permissible" summer average chlorophyll a concentration or Secchi disc transparency, the "permissible" total phosphorus concentration at spring overturn can be calculated. This can be translated into "permissible" artificial load, which can then be expressed as total allowable development. This figure can be compared to the current quantity of development and recommendations made concerning the desirability of further development on the lake.

Empirical Prediction of Crustacean Zooplankton Biomass and Profundal Macrobenthos Biomass in Lakes

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Hanson ◽  
Robert Henry Peters
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Surface ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Surface Area

We used data taken from the literature to develop and compare several estimators of crustacean zooplankton biomass (49 lakes) and profundal macrobenthos biomass (38 lakes). Both mean zooplankton biomass (r2 = 0.72, P < 0.001) and mean profundal macrobenthos biomass (r2 = 0.48, P < 0.001) correlated better with mean total phosphorus concentration than with Secchi depth, mean depth, maximum depth, or lake surface area. Mean total phosphorus concentration was also superior to mean chlorophyll a concentration (r2 = 0.57, P < 0.001) as an estimator of zooplankton biomass, but data were insufficient to evaluate chlorophyll a concentration as an estimator of macrobenthos biomass. Inclusion of maximum depth as a variable in a multiple regression resulted in a slight but significant (P < 0.030) improvement in the zooplankton–total phosphorus relationship (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.001). Inclusion of lake surface area as a variable in a multiple regression significantly (P < 0.001) improved the predictive power of the profundal macrobenthos–total phosphorus relationship (R2 = 0.59, P < 0.001).

Seasonal pattern and inferred phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton biomass in two tropical reservoirs in northern Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon A. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
River Reservoir ◽  
Annual Range

Manton River Reservoir (MRR) and Darwin River Reservoir (DRR) are two small impoundments in the Australian wet/dry tropics. Over an eight-year period, chlorophyll a concentrations in the mixed layer averaged 3.6 µg L−1 in DRR, and 7.1 µg L−1 in MRR. The seasonal pattern of chlorophyll a at MRR was influenced by wet season wash-out (February average 4.8 µg L−1 ), and dry season destratification and nutrient enrichment of the surface waters (July average 8.4 mg L−1 ). In contrast, DRR exhibited near uniform chlorophyll a concentrations over the year. The seasonal patterns of DRR and MRR chlorophyll a are typical of tropical water bodies which tend to have a smaller annual range than temperate lakes, though this can be modified by significant wash-out. Empirical evidence suggests that the phytoplankton biomass of each reservoir is phosphorus limited, relative to the potential provided by other nutrients and light energy. This conclusion is based on a regression of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations of pooled DRR and MRR data (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.90), and the high total-nitrogen to total-phosphorus concentration ratios (by weight) of 50 and 37 in DRR and MRR, respectively. Annual chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentrations for both reservoirs are in accord with the OECD regression for temperate lakes and reservoirs.

Temporal Variance Function for Total Phosphorus Concentration

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. France ◽  
Robert H. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lake Eutrophication ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Temporal Variance ◽  
Sampling Program ◽  
Regional Analyses ◽  
Mean Concentration

General relationships between means and variances can be used to determine requisite sample number for desired levels of precision but have not been developed for phosphorus, one of the best indicators of lake eutrophication. Data from 65 north-temperate lake-years are used to compare such relationships of temporal variance as functions of mean concentration for both total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (Chl a). We found TP to be less seasonally variable than Chl a, confirming several regional analyses and strengthening the established recommendations that variability in Chl a should dictate sampling program design.

Factors Affecting the Relation Between Phosphorus and Chlorophyll a in Midwestern Reservoirs

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark V. Hoyer ◽  
John R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Inorganic Solids ◽  
Flushing Rate ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
The Mean

The mean chlorophyll a (mg/m3) yield per unit of total phosphorus (mg/m3) (P–C relation) in 96 midwest reservoirs and the variance about this yield was similar to relations for natural lakes reported in the literature. The remaining error term for this relation could not be reduced by adding variables for nitrogen, zooplankton abundance, or hydrologic flushing rate. In reservoirs with ratios of total nitrogen to total phosphorus of less than 10, nitrogen accounted for the same amount of variance in chlorophyll a as did phosphorus. Using partial regression path analysis, we found that when the concentration of phosphorus was held constant, increasing the concentration of inorganic suspended solids (mg/L) significantly decreased chlorophyll a. The following multivariate equation was developed to account for the effect of inorganic solids on the P–C relation:[Formula: see text]This equation accounted for 7% more variance than the univariate equation and the 95% predictive confidence interval, at an average phosphorus concentration, was reduced by 10%. This equation should be useful for predicting chlorophyll a in lakes with inorganic turbidities. When Secchi transparency data were regressed on both chlorophyll a and inorganic suspended solids, they accounted for 42% more variance in transparency than did chlorophyll a.Key words: lake trophic state, nitrogen, zooplankton, flushing rate, suspended solids, reservoirs

Periphyton biomass and community composition in rivers of different nutrient status

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chételat ◽  
F R Pick ◽  
A Morin ◽  
P B Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chl A

Epilithic periphyton was investigated in riffle zones of 13 rivers in southern Ontario and western Quebec to describe how algal biomass and community composition vary with nutrient concentration and water velocity during summer. Algal biomass (milligrams chlorophyll a (Chl a) per square metre) was strongly correlated with total phosphorus concentration (r2 = 0.56, p < 0.001) and conductivity (r2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) of the overlying water but unrelated to water velocity over the range of 10-107 cm·s-1. Differences in periphyton Chl a were associated with changes in biomass of Chlorophyta (r2 = 0.51, p = 0.001) and Bacillariophyta (r2 = 0.64, p < 0.001) and were not related to Rhodophyta and Cyanophyta biomass (p > 0.10). The relative proportions of taxonomic divisions varied with total standing stock. Percent Chlorophyta biomass increased with periphyton Chl a and was the largest fraction at moderately eutrophic sites. Rhodophyta contributed the most biomass at sites with the lowest Chl a. Cladophora, Melosira, and Audouinella biomasses were positively correlated with total phosphorus concentration over the range of 6-82 µg·L-1 (r2 = 0.39-0.64, p < 0.005), and these genera were dominant at sites with the highest nutrient concentrations.

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