Fertilization and Egg Retention in Artificially Inseminated Female American Lobsters, Homarus americanus

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1954-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Waddy ◽  
D. E. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Wild Stock ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Molt Stage ◽  
Egg Retention ◽  
Poor Fertilization

Female American lobsters, Homarus americanus, seldom are receptive to mating more than 24 h after they molt, a fact that complicates breeding programs in large facilities where animals are held individually. Artificial insemination can eliminate this problem, but preliminary studies have indicated poor fertilization success from intermolt inseminations. In the present study, 86 female American lobsters of wild and cultured stock were artificially inseminated in all postmolt and intermolt stages, 64 subsequently spawned, and 98% successfully fertilized their eggs, indicating no constraint of molt stage on success of insemination. Of artificially inseminated females, 50% of wild stock and 7% of cultured stock carried their eggs to hatch.

scholarly journals Mogućnosti provedbe genomske selekcije za male populacije goveda - primjer Hrvatske

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Marija Špehar ◽  
Zdenko Ivkić ◽  
Zdravko Barać ◽  
Davor Pašalić ◽  
Maja Dražić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Genomic Evaluation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Selection Of

The implementation of genomic selection (GS) together with the changes caused by globalization and trade liberalization of breeding material often raise the question of sustainability of breeding programs in small cattle populations/countries. The objective of this study was to describe the steps in the implementation of GS in small populations of Croatian Simmental (SIM) and Holstein (HOL) breeds; to show the results of its implementation; and to present the perspectives of GS for these populations. In order to improve the selection of SIM bulls, Croatia joined the German-Austrian genomic evaluation system in July 2013. The main goal of the GS in HOL population was selection of bull’s dams at a young age which started in 2016 through the inclusion in German HOL genomic evaluation system. In total, 268 SIM and 96 HOL calves were selected, genotyped, and genomically tested until the end of 2017. The criterion for the entry of SIM bulls in the artificial insemination (AI) centres is the total merit index over 130 and candidates should not be carriers of specific monogenic defects or be recessive for them. Based on these criteria, seven young bulls were selected as for AI. The criteria for the selection of HOL females are the total merit index of 150, without monogenic defects and so far none of them reached these standards. The future perspective for HOL breed is international IgHol project for small HOL populations representing the possibility for cost-efficient solutions of GS. The implementation of GS brought opportunity to Croatian breeders to use semen of bulls from the national breeding program. Genomics for females becomes an attractive option to capitalise the benefits of using this technology.

Intermolt Insemination, an Alternative Mating Strategy for the American Lobster (Homarus americanus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2402-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Waddy ◽  
D. E. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Male Aggression ◽  
Female Receptivity ◽  
Molt Stage ◽  
Alternative Mating Strategy ◽  
Ovarian Stage

American lobster (Homarus americanus) have a dual mating strategy. Although most females mate when they are newly molted, mating can occur at any molt stage if necessary, in the laboratory, virtually all uninseminated preovigerous females mate prior to spawning. Male aggression is a major factor in the success of intermolt mating and males can discriminate between immature and mature females, and between inseminated and uninseminated females. Female receptivity is affected by both ovarian stage and the presence of stored sperm, but not by molt stage. Most females become unreceptive after insemination, but their receptivity returns once the supply of stored sperm is exhausted. Intermolt mating occurs in smaller lobster that for some reason did not mate at molt, and it is an important part of the reproductive strategy of larger lobster. Lobster s[Formula: see text] carapace length frequently spawn twice without molting and often fail to store sufficient sperm to fertilize consecutive spawnings. Intermolt mating ensures these females will produce fertile second broods.

scholarly journals Improved Fertilization Success Using Laparoscopic Oviductal Artificial Insemination with Low Sperm Numbers in Domestic Cats.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 173-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria A. Conforti ◽  
Helen L. Bateman ◽  
Mandi M. Vick ◽  
Jackie Newsom ◽  
Leslie A. Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Domestic Cats

Artificial Insemination of Carpathian Goats with Semen Preserved in Different Forms

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Anghel Andreea ◽  
Dorina Nadolu ◽  
Anghelescu Claudiu ◽  
Sonea Cristinel
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Fecundity Rate ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Semen Preservation

Abstract The artificial insemination (AI) technique is an essential tool in goat breeding programs, since it increases the efficiency of sire genetic evaluation and the extension of genetic improvements; at the same time, it enables control of parturition dates with a view to meeting market demands. The objective of this study was to determine the fecundity rate according to the mode of semen preservation before artificial insemination. The percentage of kidding was influenced by the duration of storage: 3 h = 88%; 14 h =821%.

Electrically Induced Ejaculation and Artificial Insemination of the American Lobster Homarus Americanus

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Aiken ◽  
S. L. Waddy ◽  
K. Moreland ◽  
S. M. Polar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
American Lobster

scholarly journals Reproductive Anatomy of Chondrichthyans: Notes on Specimen Handling and Sperm Extraction. I. Rays and Skates

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1888
Author(s):  
Pablo García-Salinas ◽  
Victor Gallego ◽  
Juan F. Asturiano
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
Abdominal Massage ◽  
Reproductive Anatomy ◽  
Captive Breeding Programs

The superorder Batoidea (rays, skates, and relatives), constitutes one of the most threatened group of vertebrates. Strengthening ex situ conservation programs developed in research centers and public aquaria could be a way of addressing this situation. However, captive breeding programs must be improved to prevent the capture of wild animals and to develop proper in situ reintroduction strategies. Sperm extraction and artificial insemination are two techniques commonly used in other threatened species, which could also be used in rays and the like. However, the different reproductive morphologies present within this group of animals may hamper both processes. Here, we present a comparison of the reproductive anatomies of 11 distinct batoid species, emphasizing the important differences between the species when performing sperm extraction or artificial insemination. Both male and female animals, belonging to the Rajidae, Dasyatidae, Torpedinidae and Myliobatidae families, from the Mediterranean Sea were studied. In addition, we describe the procedure to extract sperm using both cannulation and abdominal massage, either from live or dead batoids Finally, the obtention of motile sperm recovered from the oviducal gland of females is described. These techniques generate a new range of possibilities for the conservation of these threatened species.

scholarly journals Economic comparison of natural service and timed artificial insemination breeding programs in dairy cattle

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 4404-4413 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Lima ◽  
A. De Vries ◽  
C.A. Risco ◽  
J.E.P. Santos ◽  
W.W. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Economic Comparison

Proecdysis, Setal Development, and Molt Prediction in the American Lobster (Homarus americanus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1337-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Molt Stage ◽  
Holding Temperature ◽  
Stage D

Setal development and proecdysial cuticular changes can be observed in the pleopods of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) from earliest D0 through stage D3, and with pleopod staging criteria it is possible to follow proecdysis from beginning to end. A technique is described for recognition of all stages and substages of proecdysis, for evaluating effects of various treatments on proecdysis, and for predicting time of ecdysis where holding temperature is known. Histological comparisons between the pleopods and the general integument suggest a universal criterion for stage D2, and a need for adjustment in some accepted molt stage criteria. Development plateaus occur in stage D0 instead of C4 in this species, and this suggests that the concept of stage C anecdysis may be incorrect.

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