Rapid Branchial Excretion of Dietary Quinoline by Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Dauble ◽  
L. R. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycle ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
First Order ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Gut Epithelium

Excretion of the nitrogen heterocycle 14C-quinoline was characterized in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) following its ingestion with food. Quinoline-derived radioactivity was readily absorbed from the stomach as shown by peak serum levels that occurred 4–8 h after feeding. Pharmacokinetics were described using a two-compartment body model with first-order absorption and disposition; estimated half-lives for the α and β phase were 4.1 and 54.1 h, respectively. About 98% of the ingested dose was absorbed by gut epithelium before fecal excretion. Depending on dose, 71–83% of the ingested radioactivity was excreted during the first 24 h after feeding. Branchial elimination was the primary route of excretion since all other routes (fecal, biliary, urinary, and dermal) contributed < 5% of the eliminated dose within 48 h after ingestion. There was evidence for saturation of minor excretory pathways as the dose was increased from 1 to 100 mg quinoline∙kg−1 body weight. Apparent spillover occurred into the branchial route at the 100 mg∙kg−1 dose. Dietary quinoline was eliminated across the gills as parent compound, independent of the dose.

Zinc Influx Across the Isolated, Perfused Head Preparation of the Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in Hard and Soft Water

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 2206-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Spry ◽  
Chris M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
First Order ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrography ◽  
Primary Substrate ◽  
Stimulation Of

At a waterborne [Zn] of 1.9 mg∙L−1 in hard water (~1 mmol Ca∙L−1), Zn influx across an isolated, saline-perfused head preparation of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was about 1.5 nmol∙kg−1∙h−1 through the lamellar pathway and about 1 nmol∙kg−1∙h−1 through the filamental route. Flux rates came rapidly to steady state in both pathways. Trout preexposed to artificial soft water (~0.05 mmol Ca∙L−1) for 5 d showed differential stimulation of flux rates to about 42 and 5 nmol Zn∙kg−1∙h−1 through the lamellar and filamental pathways, respectively. Under these conditions, steady-state fluxes across the lamellae did not occur until 15–20 min after the start of perfusion. Preparations from hardwater-acclimated trout tested in soft water gave typical hardwater fluxes showing that these changes in influx were not simply due to acute exposure of the gill surface to low waterborne [Ca]. Influxes in softwater trout, studied over [Zn] from 0.4 to 7.5 mg Zn∙L−1, revealed a saturable, first-order uptake with apparent Jmax and Km of 150 nequiv∙kg−1∙h−1 and 1.5 mg Zn∙L−1 (23 μmol∙L−1), respectively. Because the apparent Km is in the toxic range, Zn is clearly not the primary substrate. Scanning electron micrography revealed hypertrophy and increased apical exposure of chloride cells; this stimulation, coupled with the increase in Zn influx, suggests that chloride cells may be the site of entry of Zn across the gill.

Effect of Aroclor 1254 and Mirex on Estradiol-lnduced Vitellogenin Production in Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T. Chen ◽  
P. C. Reid ◽  
R. Van Beneden ◽  
R. A. Sonstegard
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Sensitive Assay ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Juvenile Rainbow Trout ◽  
17Β Estradiol

A rapid sensitive assay for vitellogenin using rocket immunoelectrophoresis was developed in juvenile rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) induced with 17β-estradiol. The assay detected vitellogenin serum levels as low as 0.05 mg/mL. Significant reduction of vitellogenin levels were detected in rainbow trout fed for 6 mo on diets contaminated with Aroclor 1254, Mirex, or a mixture of Aroclor 1254 and Mirex.

Temperature Selection of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fingerlings in Vertical and Horizontal Gradients

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. McCauley ◽  
W. L. Pond
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Temperature Selection ◽  
Horizontal Gradients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients ◽  
Selection Of

Preferred temperatures of underyearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were determined in both vertical and horizontal temperature gradients. No statistically significant difference was found between the preferred temperatures by the two different methods. This suggests that the nature of the gradient plays a lesser role than generally believed in laboratory investigations of temperature preference.

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