Advection–Diffusion Modelling of Larval Capelin (Mallotus villosus) Dispersion in Conception Bay, Newfoundland

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad deYoung ◽  
John Anderson ◽  
Richard J. Greatbatch ◽  
Paul Fardy
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Advection Diffusion ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
June July ◽  
Release Location ◽  
Conception Bay

A numerical model was used to determine the residence time of capelin (Mallotus villosus) larvae in Conception Bay, Newfoundland. The larvae were observed in the surface mixed layer of the Bay following release from beaches in June–July in order to examine how they move outside the Bay and what physical factors influence their rate of transport. A diagnostic model of Conception Bay provides a fixed velocity field which drives an advection–diffusion model applied to capelin larval dispersal from the Bay. The model was run for different periods to explore dependence of the residence time on different conditions during the period 1989–90. Model results showed that the residence time depends on the release location of the larvae in the Bay. While the residence time of the larvae does vary, we estimate it to be roughly 30 d for larvae released from the head of the Bay. Residence times are much shorter for larvae near the mouth of the Bay.

Interactions multispécifiques: répartition spatio-temporelle des larves de capelan (Mallotus villosus), d'éperlan (Osmerus mordax) et de hareng de l'Atlantique (Clupea harengus harengus) an sein de la communauté planctonique de l'estuaire moyen du Saint-Laurent

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1164-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Courtois ◽  
M. Simoneau ◽  
J. J. Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Saint Lawrence River ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Clupea Harengus Harengus ◽  
Species Specific

The study of the spatial and temporal organization of the planktonic community of the middle estuary of the Saint Lawrence River revealed that fish larvae were distributed in such a way as to minimize interactions between species. Smelt (Osmerus mordax) larvae were distributed upstream whereas capelin (Mallotus villosus) and Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) larvae were found downstream in June 1979. Capelin larvae were more abundant at the surface (0–20 m) whereas herring larvae were concentrated in deeper waters (20–60 m). The ecological separation observed was maintained by multiple physical factors and appeared to be the consequence of species-specific reproductive strategies. The abundance of chaetognaths, euphausiids, and amphipods in deeper waters suggests that these forms could be important predators of fish larvae. Herring larvae may be particularly vulnerable because of their distribution in deep water. Capelin larvae which are very abundant in June could also be vulnerable to predation during the diurnal migrations of the macroplankton. Smelt larvae appear to be little affected by predation from these forms as a result of their distribution in fresher waters.

Capelin (Mallotus villosus) Spawning on the Southeast Shoal: Influence of Physical Factors Past and Present

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1743-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Carscadden ◽  
K. T. Frank ◽  
D. S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Surf Zone ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Grand Banks ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus

Co-occurrence of beach- and offshore bottom-spawning populations of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Northwest Atlantic appears to be unusual. To explain the evolution of bottom-spawning in the offshore spawning population on the Southeast Shoal, we examined relevant substrate, water temperature, and biological data. Published data indicate that the Southeast Shoal was not glaciated during the Wisconsin glaciation (about 20 000 yr ago) and was above sea level. As the glaciers melted, this area was a surf zone before it became inundated. This suggests that this stock was once a beach-spawning stock and supports our hypothesis that substrate is the ultimate factor affecting spawning location. Analysis of 7 yr of distribution, maturity, and bottom temperature data showed that the variation in the final spawning location was not large and spawning occurred where bottom temperatures exceeded approximately 2 °C. We conclude that bottom temperature is a proximate factor influencing the final spawning location. Physical data for other areas of the Grand Banks indicate that only the Southeast Shoal has favourable substrate, bottom temperatures and environmental factors subsequent to spawning to allow the long-term survival of a capelin population.

Selective Exploitation of Capelin (Mallotus villosus) Eggs by Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus): Capelin Egg Mortality Rates, and Contribution of Egg Energy to the Annual Growth of Flounder

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1294-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Frank ◽  
W. C. Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Average Energy ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Egg Mortality ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Gonad Production ◽  
Conception Bay ◽  
Spawning Sites

The consequences of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) predation on capelin (Mallotus villosus) eggs, both in terms of the egg mortality and of the contribution of energy ingested to the annual growth of flounder, were investigated at Bryant's Cove, Conception Bay, Newfoundland. Flounder density in the nearshore area adjacent to the capelin spawning beach increased sharply in each of the three study years in response to the presence of spawning capelin and to the density of capelin eggs on the spawning beaches. Capelin eggs were the dominant item inthedietofwinterflounder14–34 cm TL, averaging 59% by weight. Flounder [Formula: see text] fed less heavily on capelin eggs (22% of food consumed by weight) but because of their larger size and ration were an important source of predation. Egg mortality due to flounder predation was estimated to average 5.0, 2.2, and 1.9% in 1978, 1979, and 1980, respectively. Egg mortality due to predation is believed to be significantly greater at deepwater demersal spawning sites and may have a significant impact on recruitment in demersal spawners. The average energy gain to winter flounder resulting from consumption of capelin eggs was estimated to contribute 23% of the annual growth of flounder in the region (approximate 95% confidence interval: 10–40%). Selective exploitation of capelin eggs by postspawning flounder may also contribute significantly to the rapid recovery of body condition following the extensive depletion of tissue resources due to winter fasting, gonad production, and spawning.

scholarly journals Early life growth is affecting timing of spawning in the semelparous Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 102614
Author(s):  
Florian Berg ◽  
Samina Shirajee ◽  
Arild Folkvord ◽  
Jane Aanestad Godiksen ◽  
Georg Skaret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

Channel head dynamics: capelin (Mallotus villosus) aggregation in the tidally driven upwelling system of the Saguenay - St. Lawrence Marine Park's whale feeding ground

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Simard ◽  
Diane Lavoie ◽  
François J Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Circulation Model ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Balaenoptera Acutorostrata ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Tidal Dynamics ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Tidally Driven

Capelin (Mallotus villosus) tridimensional distribution at the head of the Laurentian Channel in the St. Lawrence estuary was investigated using 38- and 120-kHz acoustic surveys in the summers of 1994, 1995, 1997, and 1998. The results are interpreted with the help of a high-resolution tridimensional tidal circulation model. Total biomasses were small (93–4583 t) and showed rapid fluctuations, whereas mesoscale distribution was more constant. Capelin tended to occupy the very end of the channel head, especially the slopes and shallows surrounding the basins. This pattern did not coincide with the krill distribution, but the two total biomass series were significantly correlated. Capelin tidal dynamics is characterized by herding of capelin against the channel head slopes by the starting flooding currents, followed by an upwelling over the sills and shallows during maximum flood currents, and a return to the channel by the surface outflow during ebb. Each side of the channel head has a distinct capelin retention tidal cycle involving passive advection, swimming, and the two-layer estuarine circulation. This capelin distribution and tidal dynamics closely match the local fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) and minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) distributions observed from the whale-watching fleet and typical tidal feeding strategies at the channel head.

scholarly journals Assessment methodology for Barents Sea capelin, Mallotus villosus (Müller)

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Gjøsæter
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus

scholarly journals The dynamics of prespawning capelin (Mallotus villosus socialis) off the West Kamchatka coast

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
The West ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus

scholarly journals The rise and fall of the Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus): a multivariate scenario

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. E. Hopkins ◽  
E. M. Nilssen
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus
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