Distribution of Satellite DNA Sequences Isolated from Arctic Char, Salvelinus alpinus, in the Genus Salvelinus

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Hartley ◽  
W. S. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Other ◽  
Satellite Sequences ◽  
Close Relationship

The distribution of satellite DNA sequences in the genus Salvelinus has been investigated by hybridization of four satellite DNA families isolated from Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus, to the genomic DNA of S. alpinus, S. fontinalis, S. malma, S. namaycush, S. confluentus, and S. leucomaenis. The distribution of homologous AluI, DraI, and EcoRI satellite sequences suggests a close relationship between S. alpinus, S. malma, and S. confluentus with S. leucomaenis split from all the other species. S. namaycush has a closer relationship to the S. alpinus–malma–confluentus group than does S. fontinalis. The MboI satellite, which has potential as a marker for population differentiation in S. alpinus, has a species distribution suggestive of an ancient salmonid satellite that may have been lost from some species during transposition events.

Epigenetic control of mammalian centromere protein binding: does DNA methylation have a role?

1996 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 2199-2206
Author(s):  
A.R. Mitchell ◽  
P. Jeppesen ◽  
L. Nicol ◽  
H. Morrison ◽  
D. Kipling
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strain ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Satellite Sequences ◽  
E Protein ◽  
Minor Satellite ◽  
Internal Block ◽  
Terminal Block

Chromosome 1 of the inbred mouse strain DBA/2 has a polymorphism associated with the minor satellite DNA at its centromere. The more terminal block of satellite DNA sequences on this chromosome acts as the centromere as shown by the binding of CREST ACA serum, anti-CENP-B and anti-CENP-E polyclonal sera. Demethylation of the minor satellite DNA sequences accomplished by growing cells in the presence of the drug 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine results in a redistribution of the CENP-B protein. This protein now binds to an enlarged area on the more terminal block and in addition it now binds to the more internal block of minor satellite DNA sequences on chromosome 1. The binding of the CENP-E protein does not appear to be affected by demethylation of the minor satellite sequences. We present a model to explain these observations. This model may also indicate the mechanism by which the CENP-B protein recognises specific sites within the arrays of minor satellite DNA on mouse chromosomes.

scholarly journals Composition and Nature of Heterochromatin in the Electrical Fish (Knifefishes) Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maelin da Silva ◽  
Daniele Aparecida Matoso ◽  
Vladimir Pavan Margarido ◽  
Eliana Feldberg ◽  
Roberto Ferreira Artoni
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Chromosome Mapping ◽  
South American ◽  
Sequence Specificity ◽  
Satellite Sequences ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Heterochromatic Sequence ◽  
South American Continent

Fishes of the genus Gymnotus have been suggested as a good model for biogeographic studies in the South American continent. In relation to heterochromatin, species of this genus have blocks preferably distributed in the centromeric region. The content of these regions has been shown to be variable, with description of transposable elements, pseudogenes of 5S rDNA and satellite sequences. In G. carapo Clade, although geographically separated, species with 2n = 54 chromosomes share the distribution of many 5S rDNA sites, a unique case within the genus. Here, repetitive DNA sequences from G. sylvius (2n = 40) and G. paraguensis (2n = 54) were isolated and mapped to understand their constitution. The chromosome mapping by FISH showed an exclusive association in the centromeres of all chromosomes. However, the cross-FISH did not show positive signs of interspecific hybridization, indicating high levels of heterochromatic sequence specificity. In addition, COI-1 sequences were analyzed in some species of Gymnotus, which revealed a close relationship between species of clade 2n = 54, which have multiple 5S rDNA sites. Possibly, the insertion of retroelements or pseudogenization and dispersion of this sequence occurred before the geographic dispersion of the ancestor of this clade from the Amazon region to the hydrographic systems of Paraná-Paraguay, a synapomorphy for the group.

Quantitative evolution of transposable and satellite DNA sequences in Picea species

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sarri ◽  
M. Ceccarelli ◽  
P.G. Cionini
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Dna Library ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Distinct Sequence ◽  
Picea Species

Clones containing tandemly arranged repeats belonging to two distinct sequence families, (i) PAG004P22F (2F) and PAG004E03C (3C) or (ii) Ty3/gypsy- (8R; PAG004B08R) and Ty1/copia-like sequences (9R; PAG007F19R), were selected from a randomly sheared total genomic DNA library of Picea abies . The inserts were used as probes in dot-blot hybridizations to genomic DNA of P. abies, Picea orientalis , Picea pungens , and Picea pungens var. glauca. All these entities are diploid and share the same chromosome number (2n = 24), but the genome sizes differ largely. The redundancy (copy number per 1C DNA) of sequences related to each probe varied greatly between the genomes. No significant correlation was found between the genome size and the copy number of sequences in any family. The quantitative ratios varied greatly (in each genome) between the two families of satellite DNA, between the sequences that represented copia or gypsy retrotransposons, and between tandemly arranged sequences and retroelements as a whole, suggesting that there is no common factor that controls the quantitative evolution of repeats belonging to different sequence families during speciation in Picea.

Genetic structure of Quercus gilva Blume in Japan as revealed by chloroplast DNA sequences

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nami Sugiura ◽  
Dingqin Tang ◽  
Hiroyuki Kurokochi ◽  
Yoko Saito ◽  
Yuji Ide
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mononucleotide Repeat ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Sequences ◽  
Evergreen Oak

Quercus gilva (Blume) is an evergreen oak species that is native to Japan, China, and Taiwan. Because of a long history of human impact, this species is threatened with extinction in several regions of Japan. The objective of this study was to identify the genetic structure of Q. gilva based on chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequencing analysis. We collected 123 samples from 25 populations in Japan, 8 samples from 1 population in China, and 46 samples from 5 populations in Taiwan. Approximately 1815 bp of cpDNA was sequenced for each of the 177 samples. Thirteen haplotypes were detected, with no cross-region distribution of haplotypes among the three geographically separated countries. There were large genetic differences among populations (GST = 0.824, [Formula: see text] = 0.937). Six haplotypes (haplotypes 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, and 5) were detected in Japan; haplotype 4a was the most common, detected from 20 populations, and the other rare haplotypes, except for haplotype 4b, occurred at the edge of the species’ distribution. In addition, four haplotypes (haplotypes 1, 2, 3, and 5) were quite different from the predominant haplotype (haplotype 4a), with more than four cpDNA mutations except for a mononucleotide repeat, suggesting that populations with these rare haplotypes should be conserved separately.

scholarly journals Coincidence of HPV11-Positive Urethral Condyloma Acuminatum and HPV-Negative Multiple Bladder Papillomas in a Female

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Nakazaki ◽  
Masayoshi Zaitsu ◽  
Koji Mikami ◽  
Shunsuke Yui ◽  
Ayumi Kanatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Condyloma Acuminatum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Postoperative Course ◽  
Hpv Dna

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with proliferative lesions in a variety of human epithelial types. A 38-year-old female presented with a diagnosis of urethral condyloma acuminatum. She underwent transurethral resection of the urethral condyloma. At that time, multiple (five) bladder tumors were simultaneously found and also removed by transurethral resection. Four of the bladder tumors were diagnosed as squamous papilloma, and the other was urothelial inverted papilloma. Postoperative course was uneventful. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 μm thick sections of each bladder tumor as well as urethral condyloma. Then, 16 types of HPV DNA sequences were assessed with the PapiPlex method using genomic DNA samples extracted from each bladder tumor as well as urethral condyloma. HPV-11 was detected in DNA extracted from the urethral condyloma, while no HPV DNA sequences were positive in any of the genomic DNA samples extracted from the bladder tumors.

First confirmation of salmonid alphavirus infection in Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus and in Austria

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
E Lewisch ◽  
T Frank ◽  
H Soliman ◽  
O Schachner ◽  
A Friedl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Alphavirus Infection

Albrecht Durer and the 16TH Century Melancholy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Marcel Henrique Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Deep Sense

Little has been discussed in academia about the close relationship between the Renaissance of the 16th century and melancholy humor, and esoteric elements arising mainly from Florentine Neoplatonism. The link between melancholy and esotericism becomes very clear when we analyze the gravure “Melencolia I” by Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), composed of a significant number of symbols that refer to an esoteric religious culture that then emerged. Renaissance melancholy gained several nuances. On the one hand, it was considered a sin, a despicable mood characteristic of witches; on the other hand, a deep sense of inspiration typical of men of “genius”. This ambivalence also occurred in the firmament, as the melancholic people were guided by the dark planet Saturn, according to astrological belief. We also have the cultural scenario of the 16th century, especially in Dürer's Germany, which contributed to strengthening the melancholy issues.

scholarly journals Characterization of squalene synthase gene from Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeepsingh A. Kalariya ◽  
Ram Prasnna Meena ◽  
Lipi Poojara ◽  
Deepa Shahi ◽  
Sandip Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Homology Model ◽  
Squalene Synthase ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides ◽  
Ramachandran Plots ◽  
Flanking Regions

Abstract Background Squalene synthase (SQS) is a rate-limiting enzyme necessary to produce pentacyclic triterpenes in plants. It is an important enzyme producing squalene molecules required to run steroidal and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathways working in competitive inhibition mode. Reports are available on information pertaining to SQS gene in several plants, but detailed information on SQS gene in Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. is not available. G. sylvestre is a priceless rare vine of central eco-region known for its medicinally important triterpenoids. Our work aims to characterize the GS-SQS gene in this high-value medicinal plant. Results Coding DNA sequences (CDS) with 1245 bp length representing GS-SQS gene predicted from transcriptome data in G. sylvestre was used for further characterization. The SWISS protein structure modeled for the GS-SQS amino acid sequence data had MolProbity Score of 1.44 and the Clash Score 3.86. The quality estimates and statistical score of Ramachandran plots analysis indicated that the homology model was reliable. For full-length amplification of the gene, primers designed from flanking regions of CDS encoding GS-SQS were used to get amplification against genomic DNA as template which resulted in approximately 6.2-kb sized single-band product. The sequencing of this product through NGS was carried out generating 2.32 Gb data and 3347 number of scaffolds with N50 value of 457 bp. These scaffolds were compared to identify similarity with other SQS genes as well as the GS-SQSs of the transcriptome. Scaffold_3347 representing the GS-SQS gene harbored two introns of 101 and 164 bp size. Both these intronic regions were validated by primers designed from adjoining outside regions of the introns on the scaffold representing GS-SQS gene. The amplification took place when the template was genomic DNA and failed when the template was cDNA confirmed the presence of two introns in GS-SQS gene in Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Conclusion This study shows GS-SQS gene was very closely related to Coffea arabica and Gardenia jasminoides and this gene harbored two introns of 101 and 164 bp size.

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