CYTOGENETICS OF SOLID STEM IN COMMON WHEAT. V. LINES OF S-615 WITH WHOLE CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTIONS FROM APEX

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby I. Larson ◽  
M. D. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Substitutions ◽  
Solid Stem

CYTOGENETICS OF SOLID STEM IN COMMON WHEAT: III. CULM MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR RELATION TO STEM SOLIDNESS IN MONOSOMIC LINES OF THE VARIETY S-615

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby I. Larson ◽  
M. D. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Stem Solidness ◽  
Solid Stem ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

Most monosomics of the solid-stemmed variety of common wheat, S-61S, were shorter than normal. Many had thinner culms, but monosomics XIII and XVI had thicker culms. Although the effect of loss of homoeologous chromosomes on culm dimensions was generally similar in S-615 monosomics and Chinese Spring nullisomics, the most extreme member of each group was not always the same in the two varieties. The differences between solid stem in monosomics and normal lines of S-615 were due to loss of the chromosome affecting pith production and not to secondary effects caused by changes in culm dimensions. Nevertheless, within lines of genetically similar plants there was a small but consistent association between short culm and solidness, between thin culm at the tops of internodes I, III, and IV and hollowness, and between thin culm in the center and lower parts of internode I and solidness. This has a bearing on interpretation of data in monosomic analysis of solid stem.

CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Unrau ◽  
Clayton Person ◽  
John Kuspira
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Single Line ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Substitution Method ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Chromosome Substitutions

The procedures involved in the various phases of chromosome substitution in common wheat are briefly outlined and explained. Complications encountered with reciprocal translocations are clarified. The following subjects are discussed: development of chromosome-deficient series in other varieties, transfer of single chromosomes from donor varieties to chromosome-deficient lines to develop substitution lines, alien substitutions, and combination of two chromosome substitutions into a single line. There is a brief discussion of the value of the chromosome substitution method especially in the study of gene dosage and interaction as affecting certain characters.

CYTOGENETICS OF SOLID STEM IN COMMON WHEAT: II. STEM SOLIDNESS OF MONOSOMIC LINES OF THE VARIETY S-615

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby I. Larson ◽  
M. D. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Stem Solidness ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Solid Stem ◽  
Group 5

Lines of a variety of common wheat, S-615, monosomic for chromosomes III and XVI of homoeologous group 3 had culms less solid in the top internode than normal S-615. Monosomics of homoeologous group 5, namely, V, IX, and XVIII, were less solid in the bottom four internodes than S-615. These five chromosomes carry genes for solid stem in this variety. Monosomics XIX, XX, and XXI, the D-genome chromosomes of homoeologous groups 6, 2, and 7 respectively, were more solid than the normal check in both top and lower internodes, indicating that the missing chromosomes carry genes for hollow stem. Chromosome XIII, a homoeologue of XX, which in Chinese Spring has a gene for hollow stem, does not affect the amount of pith in the culm of S-615.The concept of the culm phenotype in a given environment resulting from an interaction of genes promoting pith development and those opposing it makes it possible to reconcile results of genetic experiments on solid stem in wheat that previously appeared contradictory.

Effect of Protein Content on the Quantity and Size Distribution of Polymeric Protein in Common Wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikiko Yanaka ◽  
Kanenori Takata ◽  
Tatsuya M. Ikeda ◽  
Naoyuki Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Common Wheat

Effect of algae Ecklonia maxima extract (Kelpak SL) on yields of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
GRZEGORZ SZUMIŁO ◽  
LESZEK RACHOŃ ◽  
BARBARA KROCHMAL-MARCZAK
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Ecklonia Maxima ◽  
Spelt Wheat

The 3-year experiment was concerned with the response of spring forms of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L. em. Thell.) to the foliar application of a plant growth stimulant (extract from marine algae Ecklonia maxima), with the commercial name of Kelpak SL (GS), as compared to control treatment (C). The following parameters were analysed: yield of grain, yield components (number of ears, weight of 1000 kernels, number and weight of kernels per ear) and physical indicators of grain quality (test weight, uniformity and vitreosity of grain). The study showed that the level of yielding and the yield components were related primarily with the wheat genotype, but they depended also on the agro-climatic conditions and on the algae extract and control experimental treatments. The application of algae extract, compared to the control, caused a significant increase in the yields of the spring wheat species under study, on average by 7.0%. Canopy spraying with algae extract had a favourable effect on the number of ears, on he number and weight of kernels per ear, but it had no effect on the weight of 1000 kernels. The grain quality of durum wheat, spelt wheat and common wheat was affected more strongly by the weather conditions in the successive years of the study and by the genotype than by the foliar application of algae extract. The spelt genotypes were characterised by lower yields and lower grain quality than common wheat and the durum wheat genotypes.

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