Gametocidal genes in wheat and its relatives. II. Suppressor of the chromosome 3C gametocidal gene of Aegilops triuncialis

Chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis, in the monosomic state, causes semisterility in common wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum). The Japanese cultivar 'Norin 26' carries a gene that acts as dominant suppressor of the gametocidal gene on chromosome 3C. However, this suppressor gene does not alter the functions of the gametocidal gene on chromosome 4S1 of Ae. longissima or Ae. sharonensis. By means of monosomic analyses, the suppressor has been located on chromosome 3B and is designated Igc1. This gene is distributed widely among wheat cultivars bred in central and southwest Japan. In the presence of Igc1 chromosome 3C shows no preferential transmission, but is transmitted to offspring at a frequency similar to those of other alien chromosomes. The progeny of plants that carry a single chromosome 3C exhibit chromosome aberrations, and possibly mutations, at high frequencies. Thus, the gametocidal gene on chromosome 3C causes a syndrome similar to hybrid dysgenesis in common wheat.Key words: common wheat, Aegilops triuncialis, gametocidal gene, suppressor, hybrid dysgenesis.

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Gametocidal genes in wheat and its relatives. III. Chromosome location and effects of two Aegilops speltoides-derived gametocidal genes in common wheat

Genome ◽

10.1139/g88-041 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

H. Tsujimoto ◽

K. Tsunewaki

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Wheat Cultivar ◽

Chromosome Breakage ◽

Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽

Aegilops Speltoides ◽

Monosomic Analysis ◽

Chromosome Location ◽

Common Wheat Cultivar ◽

Gametocidal Gene ◽

Present Gene

A new gametocidal gene was found in a common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring carrying the cytoplasm of Aegilops speltoides strain KU 5725 (Plant Germplasm Institute, Kyoto University). Monosomic analysis revealed that this gene and a previously known gametocidal gene Gc1, both derived from Ae. speltoides, are located on chromosome 2B. The two genes appear to be allelic and so have been designated as Gc1a (previous gene) and Gc1b (present gene). The two genes differ in their ability to induce hybrid dysgenesis in wheat: Gc1a causes endosperm degeneration and chromosome aberrations, whereas Gc1b results in abnormal seed lacking the shoot primodium. No correlation between embryo or endosperm degeneration and chromosome breakage was observed.Key words: wheat, Aegilops speltoides, gametocidal gene, hybrid dysgenesis, chromosome breakage.

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Molecular mapping of the suppressor gene Igc1 to the gametocidal gene Gc3-C1 in common wheat

Genes & Genetic Systems ◽

10.1266/ggs.85.43 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 43-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Soichi Yamano ◽

Miyuki Nitta ◽

Hisashi Tsujimoto ◽

Goro Ishikawa ◽

Toshiki Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Molecular Mapping ◽

Suppressor Gene ◽

Gametocidal Gene

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MONOSOMIC ANALYSIS OF GENES CONDITIONING STEM RUST RESISTANCE IN TWO COMMON WHEAT CULTIVARS

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g74-031 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 281-284

Author(s):

A. K. Sanghi ◽

E. P. Baker

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Stem Rust ◽

Somatic Hybrid ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Stem Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Graminis ◽

Monosomic Analysis ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Wheat Stem Rust ◽

Chromosome 3B

The single genes in the cultivars Morocco and Yalta conditioning resistance to stem rust culture 103-H-2, a somatic hybrid between wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici) and rye stem rust (P. graminis secalis) which possesses unusual genes for avirulence on wheat, were each located by monosomic analysis on chromosome 3B. They were estimated to be approximately 9 map units apart.

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Phytochemical Profile and Nutraceutical Value of Old and Modern Common Wheat Cultivars

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0045997 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. e45997 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Emanuela Leoncini ◽

Cecilia Prata ◽

Marco Malaguti ◽

Ilaria Marotti ◽

Antonio Segura-Carretero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Phytochemical Profile

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Grain yield and competitive ability against weeds in modern and heritage common wheat cultivars are differently influenced by sowing density

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2017.901 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mariateresa Lazzaro ◽

Ambrogio Costanzo ◽

Dalia Hosam Farag ◽

Paolo Bàrberi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Modern Cultivar ◽

Weed Biomass ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Viable Seeds ◽

Crop Stand

Sowing density can have a strong impact on crop stand development during wheat growing cycle. In organic and low-input agriculture, and therefore with minimum or nil use of chemical herbicides, increased sowing density is expected to affect not only grain yield but also weed suppression. In this study we tested, under Mediterranean conditions, six common wheat cultivars (three modern and three heritage) and two three-component mixtures (arranged by combining the three modern or the three heritage cultivars). The different crop stands were tested at sowing densities of 250 (low) and 400 (high, similar to standard sowing density used by local farmers) viable seeds m-2 for two growing seasons. We did not detect a significant effect of crop stand diversity (single cultivars vs mixtures) on grain yield and weed suppression. Differences were ascribed to type of cultivars used (heritage vs modern). Compared to high sowing density, in modern cultivars grain yield did not decrease significantly with low sowing density whereas in heritage cultivars it increased by 15.6%, possibly also because of 21.5% lower plant lodging. Weed biomass increased with low sowing density both in heritage and modern cultivar crop stand types. However, heritage crop stands had, on average, a lower weed biomass (56%) than modern crop stands. Moreover, weed biomass in heritage crop stands at low density (6.82 ± 1.50 g m-2) was lower than that of modern cultivars at the same sowing density (15.54 ± 3.35 g m-2), confirming the higher suppressive potential of the former. We can conclude that lower sowing density can be advisable when using heritage crop stands as it keeps productivity while decreasing plant lodging and maintaining weeds under control.

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Cytogenetic analysis and mapping of leaf rust resistance in Aegilops speltoides Tausch derived bread wheat line Selection2427 carrying putative gametocidal gene(s)

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2017-0107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

pp. 1076-1085 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Niranjana ◽

Vinod ◽

J.B. Sharma ◽

Niharika Mallick ◽

S.M.S. Tomar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Aegilops Speltoides ◽

Lr Genes ◽

Gametocidal Gene ◽

Chromosome 3B

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) is a major biotic stress affecting wheat yields worldwide. Host-plant resistance is the best method for controlling leaf rust. Aegilops speltoides is a good source of resistance against wheat rusts. To date, five Lr genes, Lr28, Lr35, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr51, have been transferred from Ae. speltoides to bread wheat. In Selection2427, a bread wheat introgresed line with Ae. speltoides as the donor parent, a dominant gene for leaf rust resistance was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 3B (LrS2427). None of the Lr genes introgressed from Ae. speltoides have been mapped to chromosome 3B. Since none of the designated seedling leaf rust resistance genes have been located on chromosome 3B, LrS2427 seems to be a novel gene. Selection2427 showed a unique property typical of gametocidal genes, that when crossed to other bread wheat cultivars, the F1 showed partial pollen sterility and poor seed setting, whilst Selection2427 showed reasonable male and female fertility. Accidental co-transfer of gametocidal genes with LrS2427 may have occurred in Selection2427. Though LrS2427 did not show any segregation distortion and assorted independently of putative gametocidal gene(s), its utilization will be difficult due to the selfish behavior of gametocidal genes.

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The association of a gene for leaf rust resistance with the chromosome 7D suppressor of stem rust resistance in common wheat

Genome ◽

10.1139/g87-081 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 467-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 150

Author(s):

P. L. Dyck

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Stem Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Suppressor Gene ◽

Stem Rust Resistance ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Cytogenetic Evidence

Backcross lines of gene LrT2 for resistance to leaf rust in the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 'Thatcher' unexpectedly show improved resistance to stem rust compared with that of the recurrent parent. Genetic–cytogenetic evidence indicates that LrT2 is on chromosome 7D, which is known to carry the "suppressor" gene(s) that prevent the expression of stem rust resistance conferred by other genes in 'Canthatch'. Thus, LrT2 may be a nonsuppressing allele of the suppressor gene(s) or be closely linked to such an allele. LrT2 has been designated Lr34. Key words: Triticum, wheat, rust resistance.

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