scholarly journals Characterization of wheat – Psathyrostachys huashanica small segment translocation line with enhanced kernels per spike and stripe rust resistance

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou-Yang Kang ◽  
Zhi-Juan Zhang ◽  
Li-Li Xu ◽  
Wei-Liang Qi ◽  
Yao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Small Segment ◽  
Chromosome Configuration ◽  
K 13

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs), a distant wild relative of common wheat, possesses rich potentially valuable traits, such as disease resistance and more spikelets and kernels per spike, that could be useful for wheat genetic improvement. Development of wheat – P. huashanica translocation lines will facilitate its practical utilization in wheat breeding. In the present study, a wheat – P. huashanica small segmental translocation line, K-13-835-3, was isolated and characterized from the BC1F5 population of a cross between wheat – P. huashanica amphiploid PHW-SA and wheat cultivar CN16. Cytological studies showed that the mean chromosome configuration of K-13-835-3 at meiosis was 2n = 42 = 0.10 I + 19.43 II (ring) + 1.52 II (rod). GISH analyses indicated that chromosome composition of K-13-835-3 included 40 wheat chromosomes and a pair of wheat – P. huashanica translocation chromosomes. FISH results demonstrated that the small segment from an unidentified P. huashanica chromosome was translocated into wheat chromosome arm 5DS, proximal to the centromere region of 5DS. Compared with the cultivar wheat parent CN16, K-13-835-3 was highly resistant to stripe rust pathogens prevalent in China. Furthermore, spikelets and kernels per spike in K-13-835-3 were significantly higher than those of CN16 in two growing seasons. These results suggest that the desirable genes from P. huashanica were successfully transferred into CN16 background. This translocation line could be used as novel germplasm for high-yield and, eventually, resistant cultivar breeding.

scholarly journals Genetic and Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in Wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Translocation Line H9020-1-6-8-3

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Lu Hou ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
Jinxue Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance Gene

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. The best strategy to control stripe rust is to grow resistant cultivars, but only a few effective genes are available. The wheat accession H9020-1-6-8-3 is a translocation line previously developed from interspecific hybridization between wheat genotype 7182 and Psathyrostachys huashanica, and is resistant to most Chinese Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races. To identify the resistance genes in the translocation line, H9020-1-6-8-3 was crossed with susceptible genotype Mingxian 169, and seedlings of parents and F1, F2, and F3 progenies were tested with prevalent Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races CYR32 and CYR33 under controlled greenhouse conditions. The genetic results indicated that two single dominant genes in H9020-1-6-8-3 confer resistance to CYR32 and CYR33, respectively. The gene for resistance to CYR33 was temporarily designated as YrH9020. Six simple-sequence repeat markers were used to map the resistance gene to the short arm of wheat chromosome 2D, using 329 F2 plants tested with CYR33 in the greenhouse. The genetic distances of the two closest flanking markers, Xgwm261 and Xgwm455, were 4.4 and 5.8 centimorgans, respectively. Disease assessments and polymorphic tests of the flanking markers among the Psathyrostachys huashanica line and wheat lines 7182, H9020-1-6-8-3, and Mingxian169 suggested that the resistance gene YrH9020 in H9020-1-6-8-3 was originally from P. huashanica. The exotic stripe rust resistance gene and linked molecular markers should be useful for pyramiding with other genes to develop wheat cultivars with high-level and durable resistance to stripe rust.

Rapid identification of a stripe rust resistance gene YrXK in Chinese wheat line Xike01015 using specific locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai Sun ◽  
Yike Liu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Baotong Wang ◽  
Shuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chinese Wheat

Wheat stripe rust, an airborne fungal disease and caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most devastating diseases on wheat. It is the most effective and economical measure for the diseases control to identify high-level resistance genes and apply in wheat breeding. Chinese wheat cultivar Xike01015 presents high levels of all stage resistance (ASR) to the current predominant Pst race CYR33. In this study, a single dominant gene, designated as YrXk, was identified in Xike01015 conferring resistance to CYR33 with genetic analysis of F2 and BC1 population from cross of Mingxian169 (susceptible) and Xike01015. The specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) strategy was used to construct linkage map in the F2 population. QTL analysis mapped YrXk to a 12.4 Mb segment on chromosome1BS, explaining over 86.96% phenotypic variance. Gene annotation in the QTL region identified three differential expressed candidate genes , TraesCS1B02G168600.1, TraesCS1B02G170200.1, and TraesCS1B02G172400.1. The qRT-PCR results displayed that TraesCS1B02G170200.1 and TraesCS1B02G168600.1 significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, and TraesCS1B02G170200.1 slightly up-regulated after changed with CYR33 in the seedling stage, which indicating these genes may function in wheat resistance to stripe rust. The results of this study can be used in wheat breeding for improving resistance to stripe rust.

scholarly journals Molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat – Thinopyrum ponticum substitution line with stripe rust resistance

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 860-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Yanzhen Wang ◽  
Chunhuan Chen ◽  
Changyou Wang ◽  
Aicen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Thinopyrum Ponticum ◽  
Expressed Sequence

Thinopyrum ponticum (Th. ponticum) (2n = 10x = 70) is an important breeding material with excellent resistance and stress tolerance. In this study, we characterized the derivative line CH1113-B13-1-1-2-1 (CH1113-B13) through cytological, morphological, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), expressed sequence tag (EST), and PCR-based landmark unique gene (PLUG) marker analysis. The GISH analysis revealed that CH1113-B13 contained 20 pairs of common wheat chromosomes and one pair of JSt genomic chromosomes. Linkage analysis of Th. ponticum using seven EST and seven PLUG markers indicated that the pair of alien chromosomes belonged to the seventh homeologous group. Nulli-tetrasomic and FISH analysis revealed that wheat 7B chromosomes were absent in CH1113-B13; thus, CH1113-B13 was identified as a 7JSt (7B) substitution line. Finally, adult-stage CH1113-B13 exhibited immunity to wheat stripe rust. This substitution line is therefore a promising germplasm resource for wheat breeding.

scholarly journals Emerging Yr26-Virulent Races of Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Are Threatening Wheat Production in the Sichuan Basin, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Han ◽  
Q. L. Wang ◽  
X. M. Chen ◽  
Q. D. Zeng ◽  
J. H. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
The Sichuan Basin

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in the world. The Sichuan Basin is one of the most important regions of wheat production and stripe rust epidemics in China. Stripe rust resistance gene Yr26 (the same gene as Yr24) has been widely used in wheat breeding programs and in many cultivars grown in this region since the gene was discovered in the early 1990s. Virulence to Yr26 has increased in frequency since its first detection in 2008. The objective of this study was to assess the vulnerability of the wheat cultivars and breeding lines in the Sichuan Basin to Yr26-virulent races. In total, 85 wheat accessions were tested with Yr26-avirulent races CYR32, CYR33, and Su11-4 and two Yr26-virulent races, V26/CM42 and V26/Gui22. DNA markers for Yr26 were used to determine the presence and absence of Yr26 in the wheat accessions. Of the 85 wheat accessions, only 5 were resistant and 19 susceptible to all races tested, and the remaining 61 were resistant to at least one or more races tested in seedling stage. In all, 65 (76.5%) accessions were susceptible to the emerging Yr26-virulent race V26/Gui22. In field tests, susceptible accessions increased from 31.8% in a nursery inoculated with predominant and Yr26-avirulent races to 61.2% in the nursery inoculated with the predominant races mixed with V26/Gui22. Based on the results of the molecular marker and race tests, 33 (38.8%) accessions were determined to have Yr26, showing that the Yr26 virulence is a major threat to wheat production in the Sichuan Basin and potentially in other regions of China.

scholarly journals Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a New T2BL·1RS Wheat-Rye Chromosome Translocation Line Resistant to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmei Wang ◽  
Qi Zheng ◽  
Lihui Li ◽  
Yongchun Niu ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
New Genotype

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with rye (Secale cereale) 1RS chromosomal translocations are widely used in wheat breeding programs because 1RS carries genes for resistance to several diseases. However, some of the pathogens have evolved into new races that overcome the resistance due to extensive use of cultivars with the resistance genes from rye. Therefore, identification and deployment of new resistance sources with desirable agronomic characteristics are important and urgent. We have used winter rye cultivar German White as a source of genes for desirable traits in wheat improvement. A new genotype named WR04-32 was produced through hybridization and chromosome manipulation between common winter wheat cultivar Xiaoyan 6 and German White. This genotype was highly resistant to a wide spectrum of the wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) pathotypes prevalent in China. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result using EST-STS (expressed sequence tag-site tagged sequence) marker STSWE126 specific to 1RS confirmed 1RS in WR04-32, and it was further proved to be a wheat-rye T2BL·1RS translocation line using sequential genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes pAs1 and pSc119.2 (or pHvG38). In addition to its resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew, WR04-32 was genetically stable and had desirable agronomic traits, making it a desirable germplasm for wheat breeding.

scholarly journals Molecular Mapping of a Novel Lesion Mimic Gene (lm4) Associated with Enhanced Resistance to Stripe Rust in Bread Wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Liu ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Shigang Zheng ◽  
Mei Du ◽  
Chihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Genome Database ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Crop Disease

Abstract Background: Lesion mimics (LMs) are disease-like symptoms that occur randomly on plant green leaves in the absence of pathogens. A previous study showed that LMs are related to enhanced resistance to a broad spectrum of diverse pathogen races and programmed cell death (PCD). Stripe rust is a globally epidemic fungal disease that can substantially reduce the quality and yield of crops. The development of resistant cultivars is an economical and environmentally friendly way to enhance the adaptability and yield stability of crops instead of the use of fungicide applications. Results: In this study, a novel LM gene affording Pst resistance was identified and mapped with molecular markers developed for marker-assisted selection (MAS)-based wheat breeding. In this study, a novel LM gene named lm4, which is closely linked (8.06 cM) to SSR markers Xgwm210 and Xgwm455, was identified by using a Yanzhan 1/Neixiang 188 RIL population. The genetic distance of lm4 was then narrowed such that it was flanked by SSR markers with 0.51 cM and 0.77 cM intervals. Two SSR markers, lm4_01_cib and lm4_02_cib, were developed based on the content in the Chinese Spring genome database and wheat 660K SNP results; these markers can be used to conduct MAS of LMs in wheat. The results also showed that lm4 significantly improved the resistance of stripe rust in wheat. Conclusions: Therefore, lm4 is associated with stripe rust resistance, which may provide theoretical support for future crop disease-resistance breeding and for understanding the plant apoptosis mechanism.

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