scholarly journals Endocrine Responses to Overreaching Before and After 1 Year of Weightlifting

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Fry ◽  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Scott E. Gordon ◽  
Michael H. Stone ◽  
Beverly J. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Key Words Testosterone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
One Year

Nine elite male junior weightlifters (mean age 17.6 ± 0.3 yrs) performed weightlifting tests before (Test 1) and after (Test 2) 1 week of increased training volume (overreaching) and repeated the protocol after 1 year of their training program. Strength increased by Year 2 (p < 0.05) but did not change during either week of increased training volume. The 1-week overreaching stimulus resulted in attenuated exercise-induced testosterone concentrations during Year 1, but augmented exercise-induced testosterone concentrations during Year 2. Testosterone concentrations at 7 a.m. decreased for only Year 1. For both years, the 1-week overreaching stimulus increased Cortisol at 7 a.m., indicative of the increased training volumes. Testosterone/Cortisol was not affected by increased training volume for either year. One year of chronic weightlifting and prior exposure to the overreaching stimulus appears to decrease the detrimental effects of stressful training on the endocrine system. Key words: testosterone, Cortisol, weightlifting, overtraining

Exercise Training and the Speed of Self-Selected Walking Pace in Men at Retirement

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cunningham ◽  
P. A. Rechnitzer ◽  
A. P. Donner
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Endurance ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACTAn intervention trial with regular physical activity was carried out to test the hypothesis that walking speed is related to the level of cardiovascular fitness (maximal oxygen uptake). Earlier research has demonstrated that when VO2 max is held constant in a multiple regression analysis the association between walking speed and age (29–65 y) is eliminated. To describe the association between self-selected speeds of walking, and level of cardiovascular fitness, 63 men age 60 to 65 were studied before and after a 1 year program of exercise training. VO2 max was determined on a motor driven treadmill. A test of self-selected walking pace was administered over a 240 m indoor course. The men were asked to walk at 3 paces considered by the subjects to be rather slow, normal, and fast, respectively. They were randomly assigned with stratification for white and blue collar occupation to a program of exercise training (n = 33) or control (n = 27). The training program consisted of walking or jogging for 30 min three times per week for one year. After the training program the exercise group increased their VO2 max (9.5%) and their normal walking speed (1.29 to 1.43 m.s−1) significantly compared to the controls. A program of exercise endurance training will result in an increase in the speed of self-selected pace.

scholarly journals Joint Mobility Protection during the Developmental Age among Free Climbing Practitioners: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ludovica Gasbarro ◽  
Elvira Padua ◽  
Virginia Tancredi ◽  
Giuseppe Annino ◽  
Michela Montorsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Mobility Test ◽  
Sport Climbing ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Large Effort ◽  
One Year

Sport-climbing popularity increased intensely over the past years. Particularly, children’s and adolescents’ interest therein is constantly growing. Despite a large effort in preventing injuries and muscle overloads, a fine-tuned training for each sensitive phase of child development is still needed. The objective of the study was to evaluate an innovative training program aimed at the preservation of joint mobility during the developmental age. This article relies on the results of a steady training program allowing to retain joints integrity among the practice of sport climbing in children. Joint mobility changes have been monitored before and after a one-year training program in fifteen subjects aged between 8 and 18 years. Subjects were divided into three groups depending on age (Turgor Secundus, Proceritas Secunda and Turgor Tertius). The motor tests administered were the sit-and-reach test, coxo-femoral mobility test and scapula–humeral mobility test. Our results showed that one-year training improved joint mobility at each analyzed phase, suggesting that this training program could improve mobility and flexibility. Given the importance of joint mobility preservation for discipline-related injuries prevention and eventually recovering, it is essential to provide a specific training program as a route to approach sport climbing, and even more importantly, at an early age. This work represents a preliminary study in order to demonstrate both efficacy on the joint mobility and the requirement of our playful work to support the global sport-climbing workout.

scholarly journals Influence of Prolonged Running and Training on Tibial Acceleration and Movement Quality in Novice Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1292-1299
Author(s):  
Kris Camelio ◽  
Allison H. Gruber ◽  
Douglas W. Powell ◽  
Max R. Paquette
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Movement Quality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tibial Acceleration ◽  
Deep Squat ◽  
Straight Leg Raise ◽  
And Training

Context Changes in lower limb loading and movement quality after prolonged running and training periods might influence injury risks in runners. Objectives To assess (1) the effects of a single prolonged run and a 3-week running training program on peak tibial acceleration (PTA) during running and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) criterion tests, and (2) the relationship between running volume during the 3-week training program and changes in PTA and FMS scores after training. Design Case series. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Ten novice runners (age = 27 ± 7 years) with 15 ± 14 months of running experience, who ran on average 19.6 ± 4.8 km per week at a preferred pace of 7:05 ± 1:30 minutes per km. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants completed a 30-minute submaximal prolonged treadmill run and 3-week training program with 25% increases in weekly running volume. Peak tibial acceleration and the deep-squat and active straight-leg–raise criterion FMS test scores were assessed before and after the prolonged run at enrollment and after the training program (ie, 3 testing sessions). Results No differences in PTA or FMS scores were observed among the 3 testing times. Although the changes in PTA (r = 0.57) and FMS aggregate score (r = 0.15) were not significantly correlated with training volume, training volume explained 32% of the variance in the PTA change from before to after training. Conclusions Our findings suggest that tibial acceleration and movement quality were not influenced by a single submaximal-effort prolonged run or a 3-week training period. However, novice runners who have a greater increase in running volume might be more susceptible to training-related changes in tibial acceleration than those whose running volume is less.

scholarly journals Role of leukotrienes in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction before and after a pilot rehabilitation training program

2013 ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Nasser I. Adam ◽  
Ibrahim M. El-Akkary ◽  
Zeinat Abdel-Fatah El-Khouly ◽  
Mervat El-Sayet El Seweify ◽  
Gihan A. El-Batouti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Evaluation of a New Field Epidemiology Training Program Intermediate Course to Strengthen Public Health Workforce Capacity in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492097466
Author(s):  
Kate Wilson ◽  
Amir Juya ◽  
Ahmed Abade ◽  
Senga Sembuche ◽  
Devotha Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Exit Interviews ◽  
Field Epidemiology ◽  
Health Threats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Workforce Capacity ◽  
Field Epidemiology Training Program

Objectives Sub-Saharan Africa faces a shortage of skilled epidemiologists to prevent, detect, and respond to health threats. Tanzania has implemented one of the first Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) Intermediate courses in Africa. This course aims to strengthen health workforce capacity in surveillance system assessment, outbreak investigation, and evaluation, prioritizing HIV control. We conducted an outcome evaluation of this new course. Methods We used a pre/post evaluation design using data from 4 cohorts of trainees who took the FETP Intermediate course from 2017 to 2020. We conducted knowledge assessments before and after each cohort and combined those results. Outcomes included knowledge and self-rated competency and trends in integrated disease surveillance and response (IDSR) data. We collected data through tests, field assignments, exit interviews, and data audits. We compared the mean change in pre-/posttest scores using linear regression and 95% CIs. We used content analysis to summarize exit interviews. Results Fifty-three FETP trainees from 10 regions enrolled in the FETP Intermediate course, and 52 (99.0%) completed the course. We found substantial increases in mean knowledge (44.0 to 68.0 points) and self-rated competency (4.14 to 4.43) scores before and after the course. Trainees evaluated 52 surveillance systems and 52 district HIV care programs, and 39 (75.0%) trainees participated in outbreak investigations. From before to after cohort 1, timeliness and completeness of IDSR reports increased from 4.2% to 52.1% and from 27.4% to 76.5%, respectively. Course strengths were quality of instruction, individualized mentoring, and practical skills gained. Challenges were mentor availability, limited time for data analysis practice, and balancing work and field assignments. Conclusions The Tanzania FETP Intermediate course substantially improved trainee knowledge and helped to improve local data quality and reporting. This course is a promising model to strengthen subnational capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats in Africa.

scholarly journals Real-World Experience of the One-Year Efficacy of Rifaximin Add-On to Lactulose Is Superior to Lactulose Alone in Patients with Cirrhosis Complicated with Recurrent Hepatic Encephalopathy in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Ching Chang ◽  
Chien-Hao Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Jung Tseng ◽  
Fang-Chen Yang ◽  
Rong-Nan Chien
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ammonia Level ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Serum Ammonia

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neuropsychiatric complication of decompensated cirrhosis, is associated with high mortality and high risk of recurrence. Rifaximin add-on to lactulose for 3 to 6 months is recommended for the prevention of recurrent episodes of HE after the second episode. However, whether the combination for more than 6 months is superior to lactulose alone in the maintenance of HE remission is less evident. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the one-year efficacy of rifaximin add-on to lactulose for the maintenance of HE remission in Taiwan. Methods: We conducted a real-world single-center retrospective cohort study to compare the long-term efficacy of rifaximin add-on to lactulose (group R + L) versus lactulose alone (group L, control group). Furthermore, the treatment efficacy before and after rifaximin add-on to lactulose was also analyzed. The primary endpoint of our study was time to first HE recurrence (Conn score ≥ 2). All patients were followed up every three months until death, and censored at one year if still alive. Results and Conclusions: 12 patients were enrolled in group R + L. Another 31 patients were stratified into group L. Sex, comorbidity, ammonia level, and ascites grade were matched while age, HE grade, and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score were adjusted in the multivariable logistic regression model. Compared with group L, significant improvement in the maintenance of HE remission and decreased episodes and days of HE-related hospitalizations were demonstrated in group R + L. The serum ammonia levels were significantly lower at the 3rd and 6th month in group 1. Concerning changes before and after rifaximin add-on in group R + L, mini-mental status examination (MMSE), episodes of hospitalization, and variceal bleeding also improved at 6 and 12 months. Days of hospitalization, serum ammonia levels also improved at 6th month. Except for concern over price, no patients discontinued rifaximin due to adverse events or complications. The above results provide evidence for the one-year use of rifaximin add-on to lactulose in reducing HE recurrence and HE-related hospitalization for patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Changes In Prothrombin And Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time During Replacement Therapy With Human Recombinant Growth Hormone In Growth Hormone Deficient Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S102-S103
Author(s):  
Y S Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction/Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GH administration on basic coagulation parameters: PT, aPTT and fibrinogen concentrations in adult GHD patients before and during one year of GH replacement. Methods Twenty-one adult patients with severe GHD (mean age +/- SE: 38.6 +/- 2.8 years) were included in this hospital based, prospective, interventional study. All patients were treated with rhGH for 12 months (GH dose: 0.4 mg/day for male and 0.6 mg/day for female patients). IGF-1 concentrations were determined using RIA-INEP kits. Basic coagulation tests, i.e. aPTT and fibrinogen concentrations, were measured before and after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment with rhGH. Control values were obtained from fourteen “healthy” subjects matched by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Results At baseline, we observed no significant differences in PT, aPTT and fibrinogen values between GHD and healthy subjects. IGF-1 concentrations increased significantly within 3 months of GH therapy (8.2 +/- 1.5 vs. 24.2 +/- 2.9 nmol/l, p &lt;0.05) and remained stable thereafter. A significant increase in PT values, which was more pronounced in female subjects, was noted after 6 and 12 months of treatment with GH. aPTT values increased significantly after 12 months of treatment only in male patients (28.8 +/- 4.6 vs. 39.7 +/- 2.1 s.; p &lt;0.05). No significant changes in fibrinogen concentrations were found during the study. Conclusion Twelve months of GH replacement therapy led to a significant increase in PT and aPTT values in adult GHD patients, while fibrinogen concentrations did not change. Changes in PT were more pronounced in female GHD patients, while an increase in aPTT values was observed only in male patients with GHD. The clinical significance of these changes needs further evaluation.

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