ENZYME ACTIVITIES DURING THE ASEXUAL CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA: I. SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1203-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Stine
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Asexual Cycle

Separate extracts of Neuorospora crassa grown either in Vogel's medium N, medium N + glutamate, or medium N which had been made deficient in zinc, were assayed for succinic dehydrogenase and soluble protein at intervals throughout the asexual cycle. Succinic dehydrogenase, although apparently unnecessary for either the formation of conidia or conidial germination, does appear to be necessary for mycelial growth and for the production of conidiophores. Differences in the amount of enzyme during morphologically distinct states of differentiation (i.e. production of the germ tube and production of the conidiophore) may serve as an indicator of significant changes in the physiology of Neurospora at these times during development.The level of succinic dehydrogenase in the conidiophore before its differentiation into conidia appears to influence the amount of this enzyme found in the conidia. This is in keeping with the idea that conditions prevailing in the cytoplasm before the formation of conidia may directly influence the constituents subsequently found in the conidia which determine conidial viability, rate of germination, and growth yield.

scholarly journals ENZYME ACTIVITIES DURING THE ASEXUAL CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA

1968 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Stine
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Glutamic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
Asexual Cycle ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Three enzymes, (a) nicotinamide adenine diphosphate-dependent glutamic dehydrogenase (NAD enzyme), (b) nictoinamide adenine triphosphate-dependent glutamic dehydrogenase (NADP enzyme), and (c) nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotidase (NADase), were measured in separate extracts of Neurospora crassa grown in Vogel's medium N and medium N + glutamate. Specific activities and total units per culture of each enzyme were determined at nine separate intervals phased throughout the asexual cycle. The separate dehydrogenases were lowest in the conidia, increased slowly during germination, and increased rapidly during logarithmic mycelial growth. The amounts of these enzymes present during germination were small when compared with those found later during the production of the conidiophores. The NAD enzyme may be necessary for pregermination synthesis. The NADP-enzyme synthesis was associated with the appearance of the germ tube. Although higher levels of the dehydrogenases in the conidiophores resulted in more enzyme being found in the differentiated conidia, the rate of germination was uneffected. The greatest activity for the NADase enzyme was associated with the conidia, early phases of germination, and later production of new conidia. NADase decreased significantly with the onset of logarithmic growth, remained low during the differentiation of conidiophores, and increased considerably as the conidiophores aged.

scholarly journals Saprophytic microorganisms with potential for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on Geraldton waxflower flowers

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Beasley ◽  
D. C. Joyce ◽  
L. M. Coates ◽  
A. H. Wearing
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Flower Abscission ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Saprophytic bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi were isolated from Geraldton waxflower flowers and screened to identify potential antagonism towards Botrytis cinerea. Isolates from other sources (e.g. avocado) were also tested. Isolates were initially screened in vitro for inhibition of B. cinerea conidial germination, germ tube elongation and mycelial growth. The most antagonistic bacteria, yeasts and fungi were selected for further testing on detached waxflower flowers. Conidia of the pathogen were mixed with conidia or cells of the selected antagonists, co-inoculated onto waxflower flowers, and the flowers were sealed in glass jars and incubated at 20˚C. The number of days required for the pathogen to cause flower abscission was determined. The most antagonistic bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas sp. 677, significantly reduced conidial germination and retarded germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. None of the yeast or fungal isolates tested was found to significantly reduce conidial germination or retard germ tube elongation, but several significantly inhibited growth of B. cinerea. Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp. and Trichoderma spp. were the most antagonistic of these isolates. Of the isolates tested on waxflower, Pseudomonas sp. 677 was highly antagonistic towards B. cinerea and delayed waxflower abscission by about 3 days. Trichoderma harzianum also significantly delayed flower abscission. However, as with most of the fungal antagonists used, inoculation of waxflower flowers with this isolate resulted in unsightly mycelial growth.

scholarly journals Mutation in neurospora crassa with leaf extract of citrus aurantifolia and their soluble protein content

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Apurba Lal Ray ◽  
Mahbuba Akhter Jahan ◽  
Tahsina Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Morphological Mutants

Leaf extract of Citrus aurantifolia exhibited remarkable inhibitor effect on the radial mycelial growth of Neurospora crassa. The extract also showed mutagenic effect and atleast six morphological mutants of the fungus were detected including albino (al 243), vigorous (vg 117), fluffy (fl 220), colonial (cl 232), conidial band (con. band 171) and dirty (dir 83). The mutants were used for estimation of soluble protein in comparison with the wild type (Ema). The soluble protein content increased to some extent in case of the mutants con. band 171 (192.86 μg/ml), cl 232 (188.57 μg/ml) and vg 117 (186.43 μg/ml) as compared to the wild type (182.14 μg/ml). On the other hand, the soluble protein content was remarkably decreased in case of the mutant al 243 (94.28 μg/ml), which was about 50% less than the control. This indicates that the leaf extract not only effect colony morphology but possesses profound effect on growth and metabolism of the fungus. Key words: Neurospora crassa; Mutation; Leaf extract; Soluble protein DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8958 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 151-155

Effect of the triazine herbicides Goltix and Igran on germination and growth of Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium oryzae, and Verticillium agaricinum

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. A. Elwy ◽  
M. Osman ◽  
T. M. A. Abdel Rahman ◽  
I. M. K. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Germ Tube Length ◽  
Helminthosporium Oryzae ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of two triazines on spore germination, radial growth, and biomass production were studied in A. fumigatus, F. oxysporum, H. oryzae, and V. agaricinum. Igran inhibited spore germination of all species to some extent and at 1000 ppm completely inhibited spore germination in A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum. Goltix inhibited germination of F. oxysporum and H. oryzae, but stimulated germination of A. fumigatus and V. agaricinum. Germ tube length was significantly decreased at high herbicide concentrations. Both derivatives reduced radial growth rate as well as mycelial growth in liquid cultures. The level of inhibition depends on the herbicide, its concentration, and the fungal species.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature on conidial germination and growth of the fungus Discosporium populeum (Sacc) Sutton

2004 ◽  
pp. 127-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Keca ◽  
Dragan Karadzic
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Poplar Plantations ◽  
Germination And Growth

Dothichiza, poplar canker, due to its significance in the establishment of intensive poplar plantations, has been drawing attention for already a long time. The aim of the test was to study some of the most important physiological characteristics of the fungus, such as conidial germination germ tube growth and growth of mycelium at different temperatures on the isolates from north Potisje and to compare the study results with the domestic and foreign literature sources. The aim of this study was not to identify the different lower systematic categories, but to identify the differences between individual isolates - populations, depending on the most significant ecological factors, such as temperature.

Enzyme activities during the asexual cycle of Neurospora crassa. III. Nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate glycohydrolase

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1249-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Stine
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Normal Differentiation ◽  
Asexual Cycle

The level and specific activity of nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate glycohydrolase (NADase) were followed throughout the asexual cycle in Neurospora crassa. A large quantity of NADase associated with the conidia was water soluble. NADase activity rapidly disappeared from the growth medium during conidial germination and from early logarithmic mycelial growth. As the mycelia aged, the enzyme accumulated in the growth medium and in the aging aconidial conidiophores, regardless of their inability to produce conidia. Since the enzyme was synthesized as the culture aged, it appears that the conidiophores age quickly with respect to their production of NADase. Conidia produced from conidiophores of the wild-type culture contained about the same quantity of NADase as the inoculum conidia. The accumulation of NADase in the conidia of wild-type Neurospora is due to the normal differentiation of these conidia in the absence of a liquid environment. The enzyme becomes locked into the conidia being differentiated from conidiophores that contain large amounts of the NADase activity.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of fungicides and biocontrol agents for efficacy against Neofusicoccum spp that cause dieback of blueberries

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K.M.S. Tennakoon ◽  
H.J. Ridgway ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
M.V. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Plate ◽  
Twig Blight ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Several botryosphaeriaceous species have been reported to cause stem canker twig blight and dieback of blueberries with different Botryosphaeria species reported in different parts of the world This research evaluated nine fungicides for their ability to reduce mycelial growth conidial germination and germ tube elongation of four common and pathogenic botryosphaeriaceous species recovered from New Zealand blueberries Furthermore two biocontrol agents were tested against the same species using dual plate assays Fludioxonil carbendazim flusilazole and tebuconazole were the most effective for inhibition of mycelial growth of three isolates each of Neofusicoccum australe N luteum N parvum and N ribis EC50 values for these fungicides were less than 01 mg ai/litre Carbendazim and iprodione (both EC50 004 mg/litre) were the most effective for reduction of conidial germination of all four species In addition these two fungicides were effective for inhibition of germ tube elongation with mean EC50 values of 004 and 01 mg/litre respectively The biocontrol agents Trichoderma atroviride and Bacillus subtilis reduced mycelial growth of all species tested with a range of macroscopic interactions This study has indicated the most promising fungicides and biocontrol agents for further investigations to protect pruning wounds in blueberries

scholarly journals Identification of GA3 in Neurospora crassa and its changes during conidial germination and mycelial growth.

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 2447-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko KAWANABE ◽  
Hisakazu YAMANE ◽  
Nobutaka TAKAHASHI ◽  
Teruko NAKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Conidial Germination
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