The bentonite flocculation test in the assay of Neisseria antibody

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 655-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wallace ◽  
B. B. Diena ◽  
H. Yugi ◽  
L. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Flocculation Test ◽  
Treatment Clinic ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Immune Rabbit

A serological test for the assay of Neisseria antibody would be a valuable asset in the study of neisserial infections. Such a test, using bentonite particles sensitized with phenol-extracted and acetone-precipitated antigens from Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis, has been developed. It has proved to be sensitive and specific in titrations against species-specific immune rabbit sera.In a survey of 454 human sera received from the Special Treatment Clinic (Ottawa), 77% of male gonorrhoea patients and 78% of the females had circulating gonococcal antibodies detectable by this test. Ninety-six percent of the control sera were negative. It is suggested that the bentonite technique could be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

scholarly journals Mosaic-Like Structure of Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 Gene (penA) in Clinical Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with Reduced Susceptibility to Cefixime

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3744-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ameyama ◽  
Shoichi Onodera ◽  
Masahiro Takahata ◽  
Shinzaburo Minami ◽  
Nobuko Maki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Neisseria Flavescens ◽  
Neisseria Perflava

ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with reduced susceptibility to cefixime (MICs, 0.25 to 0.5 μg/ml) were isolated from male urethritis patients in Tokyo, Japan, in 2000 and 2001. The resistance to cephems including cefixime and penicillin was transferred to a susceptible recipient, N. gonorrhoeae ATCC 19424, by transformation of the penicillin-binding protein 2 gene (penA) that had been amplified by PCR from a strain with reduced susceptibility to cefixime (MIC, 0.5 μg/ml). The sequences of penA in the strains with reduced susceptibilities to cefixime were different from those of other susceptible isolates and did not correspond to the reported N. gonorrhoeae penA gene sequences. Some regions in the transpeptidase-encoding domain in this penA gene were similar to those in the penA genes of Neisseria perflava (N. sicca), Neisseria cinerea, Neisseria flavescens, and Neisseria meningitidis. These results showed that a mosaic-like structure in the penA gene conferred reductions in the levels of susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae to cephems and penicillin in a manner similar to that found for N. meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Comparison of three methods for identification of pathogenic Neisseria species

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-600
Author(s):  
P C Appelbaum ◽  
R B Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Neisseria Species ◽  
Neisseria Lactamica ◽  
Sugar Degradation ◽  
Agar Method ◽  
Neisseria Sicca

A radiometric procedure was compared with the Minitek and Cystine Trypticase Agar sugar degradation methods for identification of 113 Neisseria species (58 Neisseria meningitidis, 51 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 2 Neisseria lactamica, 2 Neisseria sicca). Identification of meningococci and gonococci was confirmed by agglutination and fluorescent antibody techniques, respectively. The Minitek method identified 97% of meningococci, 92% of gonococci, and 100% of other Neisseria after 4 h of incubation. The radiometric (Bactec) procedure identified 100% of gonococci and 100% of miscellaneous Neisseria after 3 h, but problems were encountered with meningococci: 45% of the later strains yielded index values for fructose between 20 and 28 (recommended negative cut-off point, less than 20), with strongly positive (greater than 100) glucose and maltose and negative o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside reactions in all 58 strains. The Cystine Trypticase Agar method identified 91% of meningococci, 90% of gonococci, and 100% of other Neisseria after 24 to 48 h. Prolongation of the Cystine Trypticase Agar incubation period led to abnormal lactose/sucrose reactions in some meningococci and gonococci. Radiometric and Minitek systems are more accurate and convenient than Cystine Trypticase Agar techniques, but, on the basis of these results, radiometric fructose sensitivity levels for meningococci need reevaluation.

scholarly journals Leukocyte Antibodies in Human Sera and in Immune Rabbit Sera

Blood ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 953-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROY L. WALFORD ◽  
E. TAYLOR PETERSON ◽  
PATRICIA DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Human Leukocytes ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Leukocyte Antibody ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Abstract A study of leukocyte antibodies is presented using (1) the sera of rabbits immunized with human leukocytes, and (2) the sera of three patients screened for the presence of such antibodies from among 36 patients with hematologic disease, 31 of whom (including the 3 studied in detail) had received multiple transfusions. The following technics are described and were employed: Leukoagglutination, leukoprecipitation including tube and agar-plate methods, agglutination of antigen-coated tanned and untanned sheep erythrocytes, the effect of antisera upon phagocytosis of heat-killed staphylococci by leukocytes, and upon ameboid motility of leukocytes. The leukoagglutinin test gives reliable clearcut results providing that appropriate controls are included and certain criteria adhered to, in order to facilitate the recognition of clumping due to other factors than true antigen-antibody union. No leukoprecipitins were detected in human sera with the technics used in this study. Immune rabbit sera, on the other hand, gave two reaction-lines in agar media, when set up against leukocyte extract. Immune rabbit sera reacted strongly with antigen-coated tanned sheep red blood cells. Human sera did not so react. One of the three selected human sera reacted with antigen-coated untanned erythrocytes, suggesting the presence of a polysaccharide antigen extractable from human leukocytes and capable of stimulating antibody formation in the human. Immune rabbit sera, and other human sera, did not react in this test. A suggestive but perhaps not a conclusive effect upon phagocytosis of bacteria by leukocytes exposed to human leukocyte antibody for 1 hour could be demonstrated. By means of ameboid motility studies, a cytotoxic effect of the human antisera upon human leukocytes could be demonstrated after 18 hours of incubation, but not after 3 hours. This was interpreted as evidence of a delayed reaction. Certain cardinal points from a clinical and theoretical standpoint with regard to the genesis of leukocyte antibodies in man are briefly reviewed. A possible analogy between leukocyte antibody formation and the homograft reaction is discussed. It is suggested that the rarity of leukocyte iso-antibody formation following transfusion is related to the fact that the intravenous pathway may be a poor route of immunization for these antigens.

In Vitro Inhibition of Growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Neisseria meningitidis Isolated from the Pharynx of Homosexual Men

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN-GUY BISAILLON ◽  
PIERRE TURGEON ◽  
DANIEL DUBREUIL ◽  
REJEAN BEAUDET ◽  
MICHEL SYLVESTRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition

scholarly journals Genomic characterization of emerging bacterial uropathogen Neisseria meningitidis misidentified as Neisseria gonorrhoeae by nucleic acid amplification testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley V. Sukhum ◽  
Sophonie Jean ◽  
Meghan Wallace ◽  
Neil Anderson ◽  
Carey-Ann D. Burnham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Urogenital System ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Routine Identification ◽  
The Impact

Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) are pathogenic bacteria that can cause human infections. While Nm infections are associated with bacterial meningitis and bacteremia, a strain of Nm, isolated from the urogenital system, has recently been associated with urethritis. As this strain is becoming prominent as an emerging pathogen, it is essential to assess identification tools for Nm and Ng urogenital isolates. Consecutive Nm isolates recovered from urogenital cultures of symptomatic patients with presumptive diagnoses of gonorrhea and a random selection of Ng isolates recovered from the same population within the same time frame were characterized with routine identification systems, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole genome sequencing. MALDI-ToF MS, multilocus sequence typing, 16S rRNA gene sequence, and average nucleotide identity methods accurately identified 95% (18/19) of Nm and Ng isolates. 30% (3/10) of Nm isolates were misidentified as Ng with Aptima Combo 2 CT/NG but no misidentifications were found with the Xpert CT/NG NAAT. Phylogenetic core genome and SNP-based grouping analyses showed that urogenital Nm isolates were highly related, and phylogenetically distinct from Ng and respiratory Nm isolates but similar to urogenital Nm isolates from patients with urethritis in the US. Urogenital Nm isolates were predominantly azithromycin resistant while Ng isolates were azithromycin susceptible. These data indicate that urogenital isolates of Nm can cause false-positive detections with Ng diagnostic assays. Misidentification of urogenital Nm isolates may confound public health-related activities for gonorrhea and future studies are needed to understand the impact on clinical outcome of Nm urogenital infection.

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