Supernormal fluid pressures in sedimentary rocks of southern Ontario – western New York State

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Raven ◽  
K. S. Novakowski ◽  
R. M. Yager ◽  
R. J. Heystee
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
New York State ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Pressure Transducers

Fluid pressures up to 1.7 times greater than hydrostatic have been measured in argillaceous Paleozoic rocks of low permeability in southern Ontario and western New York State. These supernormal formation fluid pressures were measured at depths of 50–310 m using submersible pressure transducers with straddle packers and multiple-packer casings isolating the test intervals. Measurements were obtained over periods of 7–46 months following casing installations. The pressure measurements from 11 monitoring wells are compiled and supporting hydrogeologic data for 5 selected wells are used as examples to illustrate the occurrence of supernormal fluid pressures in the Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian sedimentary sequence of southern Ontario and western New York State. Possible explanations for the occurrence of supernormal fluid pressures in sedimentary rock are evaluated considering the available geologic and hydrogeologic information obtained from the monitoring wells. Based on this review, it is hypothesized that gas migration and accumulation from deeper distant sources via permeable vertical pathways is the most plausible explanation for the observed fluid pressures, although secondary contributions from local neotectonic activity are also possible. The implications of such supernormal fluid pressures on regional groundwater flow in sedimentary rocks and related activities such as waste disposal in sedimentary rock are briefly discussed. Key words : supernormal fluid pressure, sedimentary rocks, gas migration.

The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar and Shannon) (Diptera:Simuliidae)

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Ottonen ◽  
Ramachandran Nambiar
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
New York State ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
The Third

Further study of the morphology of salivary gland chromosome complements within the range described for Prosimulium magnum showed the species to consist of three cytologically distinct populations. The first two forms are without sex chromosomes, (1) a form analogous to the species chromosomal standard, P. magnum, (2) a form which is differentiated by the fixed inversion IIS-25, but (3) the third form has cytological XcYc sex determination. In the Great Lakes region these three forms of the P. magnum complex and P. multidentatum are sympatric in three separate areas, Michigan, Southern Ontario, and Western New York State. Natural hybrids between the forms have so far been obtained only infrequently, and the known hybrids are described. Some chromosomal aspects of speciation are discussed in relation to the present observations on the species complex.

NEW MICROLEPIDOPTERA WITH NOTES

1944 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McDunnough
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Food Plant ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State

For some time it has appeared to me that two species have been going under the above name. Heinrich in his revision gives the food-plant as Hamamelis but the few bred specimens in our collection from southern Ontario from larvae on this plant together with several captured specimens from New York State did not match Kearfott's description particularly well.

The Pine Root-Collar Weevil, Hylobius radicis Buch., in Southern Ontario

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Finnegan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Species ◽  
New York State ◽  
The State ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
Hylobius Pales ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Root Collar

Interest in this insect was first aroused by the reports of Felt (1926a, 1926b) and York (1933), who attributed injury to several species of pines in the State of New York to Hylobius pales (Hbst.). Later it became apparent that the injury reported was not caused by H. pales, but by a new species that Huchanan (1934) described as H. radicis. This insect was first reported in Canada at Angus, Ont. (Wallace, 1954), and has since become abundant in pine plantations totalling about 500 acres in Simcoe County. This County supports the principal infestations in Ontario, but other widely separated infestations have been reported near Sault Ste. Marie and from five plantations totalling 50 acres in Renfrew County. H. radicis is now known to be widely distributed. In addition to New York State and Ontario, the insect has been reported from Virginia, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Manitoba.

Ontogenetic variation in Silurian eurypterids from Ontario and New York State

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Cuggy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
Growth Series ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Upper Silurian ◽  
Biometrical Study

For more than 150 years, eurypterids from the Upper Silurian Bertie Formation of New York State and southern Ontario have been assigned to two species: Eurypterus remipes DeKay, 1825 and Eurypterus lacustris Harlan, 1834. These species have been distinguished on overall size and on the length–width ratios of the prosomas. To test the hypothesis that these taxa are simply ontogenetic variants of a single species, a biometrical study of more than 140 specimens from eight localities was performed. Bivariate plots of prosomal length versus width showed that E. remipes and E. lacustris morphs form a single ontogenetic growth series. Multivariate analysis using principal component analysis on nine measurement variables demonstrated that there is no basis for distinguishing between the two species on prosomal morphology. Accordingly E. lacustris is synonymized with E. remipes.

Carex lacustris × C. trichocarpa (Cyperaceae), a new natural hybrid

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Catling ◽  
A. A. Reznicek ◽  
K. Denford
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
New York State ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
Natural Hybrids ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Carex Lacustris

The new natural hybrid Carex lacustris × C. trichocarpa is described from material found in southern Ontario and New York State. The plants are sterile with incompletely developed stamens and distorted pollen that failed to stain with lactophenol. The parentage is confirmed through intermediacy in distinctive morphological characters. The new hybrid possesses unique features of each parent including the red apices of the inner sheath bands of C. trichocarpa and the long ligules of C. lacustris. The flavonoid spectrum of the hybrid was found to be consistent with the proposed parentage. Luteolin glycosides were found only in C. lacustris, whereas tricin glycosides were restricted to C. trichocarpa. Although the hybrid had marker compounds from both putative parents, complementation was incomplete. The occurrence of this hybrid suggests that sedges with quite different chromosome numbers can and do form natural hybrids.

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