THE REACTION OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH PROPYLENE

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Trick ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Active Nitrogen

The reaction of nitrogen atoms with propylene has been found to produce hydrogen cyanide and ethylene as the main products, together with smaller amounts of ethane and propane and traces of acetylene and of a C4 fraction. With excess propylene, the nitrogen atoms were completely consumed and for the reaction at 242 °C., 0.77 mole of ethylene was produced for each mole of excess propylene added. For reactions at lower temperatures, less ethylene was produced. The proposed mechanism involves formation of a complex between the nitrogen atom and the double bond of propylene, followed by decomposition to ethylene, hydrogen cyanide, and atomic hydrogen. The ethylene would then react with atomic nitrogen in a similar manner.

THE REACTIONS OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH THE BUTANES

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 718-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Back ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Initial Attack ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Rate Controlling Step

The main product of the reactions of active nitrogen with n- and iso-butanes at 75 °C. and 250 °C. was hydrogen cyanide. Small amounts of C2 hydrocarbons, mainly ethylene and acetylene, were produced in both reactions. Second order rate constants were calculated on the assumption that the reactive species in active nitrogen is atomic nitrogen, and that the initial attack of a nitrogen atom is the rate-controlling step. The activation energies were then estimated to be 3.6 kcal. and 3.1 kcal. and the probability factors 4.5 × 10−4 and 4.4 × 10−4, for the n-butane and isobutane reactions respectively.

THE REACTION OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH AZOMETHANE

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1649-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Armstrong ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Methyl Radicals ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Reactive Component ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Steric Factors ◽  
Unstable Product

The main products of the reaction between active nitrogen and azomethane were hydrogen cyanide and ethane. Traces of methane, ethylene, and acetylene were also formed, together with small amounts of an unstable product. Activation energies of about 0.5 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 kcal. per mole, with corresponding steric factors of 10−1 to 10−3 and 10−2 to 10−4, were estimated for the reactions of active nitrogen with methyl radicals and azomethane respectively, on the assumption that atomic nitrogen is the reactive component of active nitrogen. Azomethane appeared to catalyze the deactivation of active nitrogen.

scholarly journals THE REACTION OF NITROGEN ATOMS WITH METHANE AND ETHANE

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1010-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Blades ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Steric Factor ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Atom Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Stream

Methane reacted with nitrogen atoms at temperatures above 300°C. to produce hydrogen cyanide. An activation energy of 11 kcal. and a steric factor of 5 × 10−3 were obtained. The reaction of ethane with nitrogen atoms was studied up to 295°C., with hydrogen cyanide the only product found in measurable amounts. At high temperatures, nitrogen atom consumption was complete in excess ethane, and the hydrogen cyanide production under these conditions, compared with the atom concentration determined by a Wrede gauge, indicated the active species in the nitrogen stream to be only atomic nitrogen. The ethane – nitrogen atom reaction was second order, with an activation energy of 7 ± 1 kcal. and a steric factor between 10−1 and 10−3.

Configuration on the C=N double bond of monosubstituted amidines and amidoximes

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 3245-3252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Tinant ◽  
Janine Dupont-Fenfau ◽  
Jean-Paul Declercq ◽  
Jaroslav Podlaha ◽  
Otto Exner
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analogous Model

Configuration on the C=N double bond of amidines and amidoximes is controlled by steric effects on the second nitrogen atom but there is a difference in the case of N’-monosubstituted derivatives: amidines prefer E configuration (conformation around the C-N bond sp) and amidoximes Z configuration (conformation ap). This was confirmed by the X-ray structures of two analogous model compounds N,N’-dimethyl-4-nitrobenzamidine (monoclinic, P21c, a = 10.855(3), b = 11.043(3), c = 8.593(3) Å, β = 105.69(2)°, V = 991.8(5) Å3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.29 g cm-3, CuKα, λ = 1.5418 Å, μ = 7.91 cm-1, F(000) = 408, T = 291 K, R = 0.065 for 1 265 observed reflections) and N’-methyl-4-nitrobenzamidoxime (monoclinic, P21/a, a = 6.699(2), b = 24.178(9), c = 6.075(2) Å, β = 106.20(3)°, V = 944.9(6) Å3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.37 g cm-3, CuKα, λ = 1.5418 Å, μ =9.22 cm-1, F(000) = 408, T = 291 K, R = 0.079 for 1 278 observed reflections).

The effect of nitrogen atom on double bond pyramidalization

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Özen ◽  
Kutalmis Guven ◽  
Hatice Can ◽  
Metin Balci
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Nitrogen Atom

THE REACTION OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH ETHYLENE

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Versteeg ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Principal Product

Reinvestigation of the active nitrogen–ethylene reaction has confirmed hydrogen cyanide as the principal product. Smaller quantities of ethane, cyanogen, acetylene, and methane have also been found and the variations in amounts of these products with ethylene flow rate have been established. No significant amount of polymeric material was found.

Gas-phase reaction of iron carbonyl cations with atomic hydrogen and atomic nitrogen

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 771-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Mestdagh ◽  
Christian Rolando ◽  
Michel Sablier ◽  
Nicolas Billy ◽  
Gerard Gouedard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Iron Carbonyl ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Phase Reaction

The Reaction of 8-Amino-p-menthene Derivatives with Electrophiles

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Paul V. Bernhardt ◽  
Raymond M. Carman ◽  
Roger P. C. Derbyshire
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
The Novel

Attempts to ring-close the nitrogen atom of 8-amino-p-menth-1-ene and of N-substituted 8-amino-p-menth-1-enes onto the C1–C2 double-bond carbons has led to a range of bicyclo[2.2.2] and bicyclo[3.2.1] products, together with the novel bicyclo[4.3.1]-1,3-oxazepine 9.

REACTION OF N2(A3∑U+) WITH ATOMIC NITROGEN

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1171-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Rate Coefficient ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Interchange Process

Attempts to measure the actual lifetime of N2(A3∑u+) in active nitrogen resulted only in a very small upper limit of ≈5 × 10−4 s. This result is consistent with quenching of the A3∑u+ state by atomic nitrogen in an atom–atom interchange process,[Formula: see text]having a rate coefficient of [Formula: see text] It is suggested that similar processes are involved in determining the distribution of excited states observed in atom association.

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