Electrokinetic study of the adsorption of ethyl violet and crystal violet by montmorillonite clay particles

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1868-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurier L. Schramm ◽  
Shmuel Yariv ◽  
Dipak K. Ghosh ◽  
Loren G. Hepler
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobilities ◽  
Ethyl Violet ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Adsorption Phenomena

Electrophoretic mobilities of mixtures of a montmorillonite clay (in different exchangeable metal cation forms) and increasing amounts of two cationic dyes (ethyl violet and crystal violet) were measured. Electrophoretic mobilities were found to vary between −60 × 10−5 and +40 × 10−5 cm2 s−1 V−1. For both the dyes, the degree of saturation at which the isoelectric point (IEP) occurs, decreases with increasing valency of the metal cations. An effort was made to connect the IEP, maximum flocculation, and dye adsorption parameters. An important adsorption parameter is the transition saturation (TS), the saturation beyond which adsorption by organophilic attractions occurs in addition to adsorption by electrical and (or) π-interactions. It was found that maximum flocculation occurs before the IEP for all the exchangeable cations tested, but the IEP is reached at similar saturations to the TS for most of the cations. These results have been interpreted in terms of different types of adsorption phenomena and particle associations. Keywords: clay, adsorption, dye, ion exchange, electrokinetic charge.

Use of crystal violet to prepare SBR-montmorillonite clay nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugata Chakraborty ◽  
Saptrashi Kar ◽  
Saikat Dasgupta ◽  
Rabindra Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Samar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Modified Montmorillonite ◽  
Clay Slurry ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Master Batch

AbstractPresent study describes the preparation and characterization of crystal violet modified-montmorillonite clay nanocomposites by latex blending technique. Coagulation of the latex-clay slurry produced nanocomposites master batch. The master batch was compounded with Styrene Butadiene rubber (SBR). WAXD and TEM provided the evidences of formation of nanocomposite. Remarkable improvements in the mechanical properties were found by addition of small amount of modified clay.

Response of the exocrine pancreas to quantitative and qualitative variations in dietary lipids

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (1) ◽  
pp. G10-G15 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Saraux ◽  
A. Girard-Globa ◽  
M. Ouagued ◽  
D. Vacher
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Maximal Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Range Of Variation

In the rat, pancreatic amylase and, to a lesser extent, lipase adapt quantitatively to the amount of their respective substrates in the diet by an increase in specific activity and total contents (range of variation, fivefold for amylase and twofold for lipase). Colipase responded to protein intake (r = 0.85, P less than 0.01) and not to lipids provided protein intake was below 3.5 g or above 6.0 g. With this latter amount of protein, a maximal level was obtained, even with 2% lipid in the diet. Between 3.5 and 6.0 g, lipid intake was found to modulate colipase in parallel with lipase. When different types of fat were compared, the degree of saturation was found to have no impact on lipase, colipase, and amylase. Diets containing medium-chain triglycerides (C8-C10) did not maximally increase specific activity and total content of lipase and colipase, whereas they did not repress amylase as much longer chain triglycerides did. With coconut oil (45% C12), lipase was maximally stimulated but amylase was not maximally repressed, showing that the regulation of the hydrolases may be partly reciprocal and partly independent.

Effect of dispersible clay on the physical properties of the B horizon of a red-brown earth

Soil Research ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
RT Shanmuganathan ◽  
JM Oades
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobilities ◽  
Dispersible Clay

Three methods were compared for the determination of dispersible clay in the absence of chemical treatments. Treatment of the B horizon of a red-brown earth with a range of amounts (0-0.24% iron) of iron poly[Fe(III)-OH] cations of nominal molecular weight 10 000 to 50 000 allowed production of a range of dispersible clay contents from 0 to 70%. The samples of clay B horizon with decreasing contents of dispersible clay showed decreasing electrophoretic mobilities with zero mobility when the content of dispersible clay was zero. In such samples the clay particles were present in aggregates 50-250 mu m diameter according to sedimentation techniques. The amounts of dispersible clay present appeared to control various physical and mechanical properties of the soil such as swelling, porosity and water retention capacity, hydraulic conductivity, friability and modulus of rupture. It is suggested that the content of dispersible clay may be a useful quantitative characteristic of soils as it controls many other properties.

Metachromasy in clay dye systems: the adsorption of acridine orange by Na-beidellite

Clay Minerals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Garfinkel-Shweky ◽  
S. Yariv
Keyword(s):  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Colloidal Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Absorbance Curve

AbstractThe adsorption of the metachromic dye acridine orange (AO) by Na-beidellite was investigated by visible spectroscopy. Different types of clay-AO association were identified from the appearance and location of absorption bands α or β. The colloidal properties were determined from curves of the absorbance vs. the degree of saturation. Three regions were identified in the absorbance curve. In the first region beidellite is peptized with small amounts of AO and the dye penetrates into the interlayer space where it undergoes metachromasy due to π interactions between the aromatic entity and the oxygen plane of the clay. With larger amounts of AO (second region), the clay flocculates due to the aggregation of the dye cations in the interparticle space of the flocs. In excess AO (third region), beidellite is gradually peptized, forming small tactoids with monomeric AO in the interlayer space and at the same time adsorbing dimeric and polymeric AO cationic species at the solid-liquid interface. Compared with the other smectites, AO shows the greatest tendency to undergo metachromasy in the presence of beidellite.

Different types of polyoxometalate-directed diverse architectures derived from the rigid ligand pyrazine-bis(triazole): assembly, electrocatalysis, and dye adsorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (17-19) ◽  
pp. 2546-2556
Author(s):  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Hongyan Lin ◽  
Guocheng Liu ◽  
Wang Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Different Types
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