Biological performance of the white pine weevil in relation to the anatomy of the resin canal system of four different host species

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2035-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Boucher ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Yves Mauffette
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Resin Canal ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Density Correlation ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Resin Canals ◽  
White Pine Weevil

The anatomy of the resin canal system was observed on lateral branches of four host species of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) in relation to weevil performance. The host species studied were Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.), and white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Survival, number, and mass of adult weevils were measured on attacked terminal leaders collected before adult emergence. One uppermost lateral branch was collected at the base of each attacked leader. Cross sections of these lateral branches were observed to measure the number, diameter, depth, and density of inner and outer resin canals. Nearly all resin canal measurements differed significantly among species, with white pine differing greatly from the other species with larger canals and lower canal density. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the anatomy of the resin canal system was principally related to adult mass, with the most important variable being the density of inner canals (r = –0.54). Trees characterized by low density of large inner resin canals, like white pine, seemed to favour mass gain in adult weevils. The present study suggests that a high density of inner resin canals constrains the insect to feed on canals early in larval development, which subsequently reduces weevil mass.

White spruce resistance to white pine weevil related to bark resin canal density

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
René I. Alfaro ◽  
Fangliang He ◽  
Elizabeth Tomlin ◽  
G. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Tree Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Genetics ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Resin Canals ◽  
White Pine Weevil

Examination of the bark from the uppermost lateral branches of white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, indicated that trees resistant to attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck, had significantly higher number and density of vertical resin canals per unit of bark area (mm2) than susceptible trees. The number and density of resin canals were also positively correlated with tree growth rate, an indicator of tree vigor. The density of the resin canals found near the periphery of the bark (outer resin canals) had higher correlation with resistance and growth than inner resin canals. Measurements of resin canals on the bark of lateral branches correlated well with measurements on the bark of the leader of the same tree, indicating that lateral samples could be used to screen white spruce for resistance to weevils. Key words: Picea glauca, Pissodes strobi, pest management, tree genetics.

An induced defense reaction in white spruce to attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1725-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
René I. Alfaro
Keyword(s):  
Induced Defense ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Defense Reaction ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Xylem Tissue ◽  
Traumatic Resin Canals ◽  
Resin Canals ◽  
White Pine Weevil

An induced defense reaction in the leaders of white spruce, Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, occurs in response to attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck. The response was initiated shortly after feeding and oviposition in the attacked shoot and consisted of the cambium switching from producing normal tracheids and parenchyma ray cells to producing traumatic resin canals, arranged in a ring fashion in the developing xylem. In sectioned leaders, these traumatic resin canals could be seen emptying their contents into feeding and oviposition cavities dug by the adults, and into the larval galleries. This defense reaction killed eggs and larvae. When the leader survived the attack, the cambium reverted to producing normal xylem tissue, leaving one or more rings of traumatic resin canals embedded in the xylem annual ring.

Biological performance of the white pine weevil in different host species and in two ecological regions of southern Quebec

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2026-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Boucher ◽  
Yves Mauffette ◽  
Robert Lavallée
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Host Species ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
White Pine Weevil

The performance of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) was studied on five different host species: Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Attacked terminal leaders were collected prior to adult emergence, within two different ecological regions of Quebec, the Outaouais and Appalaches regions. According to their natural range, jack pine was studied only in the Outaouais region and red spruce only in the Appalaches one. Weevil performance did not differ between regions but differed among host species. The number of eggs laid per leader was greatest on jack pine, white pine, and Norway spruce (279, 219, and 218 eggs per leader, respectively). Adults emerging from white pine were the heaviest (0.0104 g). The number of adults per leader was greater on Norway spruce and white pine (34 and 23 adults, respectively), and survival tended to be greater on Norway spruce and white spruce leaders (18 and 15%, respectively). Norway spruce had the longest leaders, and jack pine had the thickest ones. Leader dimensions were correlated with all variables of weevil performance, except insect survival, but these characteristics explain only a small part of the variation in weevil performance. Norway spruce and white pine can be considered favourable hosts for rapid population buildup according to the high number of emerging adults per attacked leader.

Foliar and cortical monoterpenes in Sitka spruce: potential indicators of resistance to the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Brooks ◽  
J. H. Borden ◽  
H. D. Pierce Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
River Valley ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
White Pine Weevil

To determine whether a resistant chemotype to the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck, could be identified, the relative composition of monoterpenes in weevil-susceptible Sitka spruce, Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr., was compared to that in apparently resistant trees. Foliar and cortical analysis of trees from Green Timbers Nursery in Surrey, Nootka Island, Sayward, and the Nass River Valley, B.C., revealed significant differences between 38 resistant and 60 susceptible trees. The foliage of resistant trees, compared with that of susceptible trees, had significantly lower amounts of isoamyl isovalerate at three sites and lower amounts of isopentenyl isovalerate at one site. Amounts of a α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, and camphor were significantly higher in some resistant trees, but these differences were not consistent between sites. Myrcene, β-phellandrene, and limonene levels were much higher in the cortex of susceptible trees than the resistant trees from the Nass River and Green Timbers Nursery. Thus none of the monoterpenes, singly or in combination, is a consistent indicator of resistance to the white pine weevil. The two isovalerates could possibly be used as indicators of resistance. However, a broader spectrum of resistance characteristics should be employed if breeding for resistance is desired.

Variation in the induced resin response of white spruce, Piceaglauca, to attack by Pissodesstrobi

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
René I. Alfaro ◽  
G.K. Kiss ◽  
A. Yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
White Spruce ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Response Intensity ◽  
Attack Response ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Nonlinear Fashion ◽  
White Pine Weevil

The intensity of the traumatic resin response in white spruce, Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, to attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck, was studied in trees with different severities of attack. The response level was highest in trees where the attacks failed, i.e., where eggs were laid but the brood was killed and no adults emerged. Successfully attacked trees had, on average, only 62% of the response intensity of trees with failed attacks. Response intensity in trees that had been subjected only to feeding was much lower, at 42% of the failed attack response. Healthy unattacked trees showed no or little traumatic resin response. Response intensity varied in a nonlinear fashion with the number of eggs laid, increasing rapidly from zero in healthy trees, being highest in trees having between 10 and 60 egg punctures, and progressively lower again in trees with higher numbers of egg punctures. For a given number of egg punctures, resistant white spruce trees had a consistently higher traumatic resin response than susceptible trees. The number of eggs laid on a leader was inversely related to the intensity of the traumatic resin response and to the timing of the attack. Fewer eggs were laid on leaders with high traumatic resin response or attacked late in the season than on leaders with lower resin response or attacked early in the season.

scholarly journals Genetically based resistance to the white pine weevil in jack pine and eastern white pine

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Verrez ◽  
Dan Quiring ◽  
Thibaut Leinekugel Le Cocq ◽  
Greg Adams ◽  
Yill Sung Park
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Tree Resistance ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
White Pine Weevil

White pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) damage was evaluated in one white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and four jack pine(Pinus banksiana Lamb) half-sib family test sites to determine the role of tree genotype in resistance to the weevil. Halfsibfamily explained a significant proportion of the variation in weevil attack at all sites. Estimates of family (0.16-0.54)and individual (0.09-0.24) heritabilities of jack pine resistance to white pine weevil were moderate. Estimates of family(0.37) and individual (0.22) heritability of resistance of white pine to the weevil were also moderate when the percentageof test trees damaged by the weevil was relatively low, but were insignificant four years later when more than three-quartersof trees were damaged. Significant positive correlations between mean tree height and mean incidence of trees damagedby the weevil were observed for four of seven site-years but relationships were weak, suggesting that any cost, withrespect to height growth, to breeding weevil resistant trees may be small.Key words: Pinus, Pissodes strobi, trade-offs, tree improvement, tree resistance, white pine weevil.

Life Tables of the White Pine Weevil, Pissodes strobi , 1 in Central Maine 2

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne N. Dixon ◽  
Mark W. Houseweart
Keyword(s):  
Life Tables ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
White Pine Weevil
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