The Prediction of Heartwood Diameter in Radiata Pine Trees

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Hillis ◽  
Nell Ditchburne
Keyword(s):  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Heartwood Diameter ◽  
Different Parts

Cross-sectional characteristics of Pinusradiata trees grown in different parts of Australia were examined. A regression equation which related heartwood diameter at a given age of the tree to the diameter at breast height outside bark and the product of the tree age and its diameter at 5 years gave a high degree of correspondence between observed and predicted heartwood diameter.

scholarly journals Radial increment dynamics in Pinus sylvestris stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Y. I. Gritsan ◽  
V. M. Lovynska ◽  
S. A. Sytnyk
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pine Trees

The parameters of periodic increment (5-years) and peculiarities of its change depending on age, diameter, height and volume of trunk of Scots pine are determined. The influence of climate conditions (air temperature and precipitation) on the dynamics of radial increment change of Scots pine trees are established. The results of experimental studies, obtained from 20 temporary sample plots of pine stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine are presented. We conducted an estimate of radial increment of Scots pine trunks as a basis for development of normative and information support for assessment of biotic productivity of this category of forest. All selected sample trees had different age and biometric parameters. The age of sample trees ranged from 9 to 90 years; diameter at breast height – from 4.0 to 41.7 cm; height – from 4.2 to 30.0 m, trunk volume – from 0.002 to 1.748 m3. It is found that the radial increment of pine stem was significantly dependent on tree age. The highest values of radial increment of Scots pine trees were observed for trees aged up to 20 years. With increasing age, radial increment had a decreasing trend, including 90-year old trees. Regression models of the dependence of radial increment of pine trees on the age and diameter are presented. In the article, the dependence of the values of radial increment of sample trees from types of forest are demonstrated. The highest values of Scots pine radial increment was observed in sugruds and gruds, which were presented in tree samples of 20 years. Comparative analysis of radial increment change in the trees of one age category, which grew in different conditions, was conducted. The older trees had the maximum increment in the conditions of dry sugrud, and the minimum increment in conditions of fresh subor. Also in this article we used generalized chronology of Scots pine radial increment reflecting regional variability of growth in pine trees. The results supplemented the research obtained earlier with new data on the dependence of the pine radial growth rate on forest-biometric parameters. These experimental data, their graph-analytical evaluation yielded an information basis for modeling the radial increment of pine trees, created on the basis of dependence of this parameter on biometric indexes – age and diameter at breast height.

scholarly journals The assessment sectional area of stem wood and stocks in experimental trees reclamation Western Donbass plot № 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
V. M. Zverkovsky ◽  
O. S. Zubkova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

The linear growth of forest plantations of Western Donbass’ recultivating plot №1 were studied. The established cross-sectional the area of trunks and timber reserves experimental trees.Characterized by parameters which are the volume of wood: its height, diameter at breast height and shape of the forming barrel. In diameter at breast height cross sectional area is determined and then the barrel volume is calculated. Cross sections of tree trunks are shaped like a circle or an ellipse. Knowing the volume of logs we calculated reserves of wood for trees experimental plots.The largest reserves of timber and cross-sectional area characterized planting U. pumila – 15,367 m3 and 1,9583 m2, A. platanoides – 13,328 m3 and 2,67 m2, Q. robur – 10,120 m3 and 1,452 m2, J. virginiana – 8,748 m3 and 2,106 m2. The least plantation stocks of wood characterized E. angustifolia – 1,3699 m3 and 0,3693 m2, R. pseudoacacia – 2,9478 m3 and 0,8350 m2, P. rallasiana – 3,1626 m3 and 0,3279 m2.

scholarly journals The assessment sectional area of stem wood and stocks in experimental trees reclamation Western Donbass plot № 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
V. M. Zverkovsky ◽  
O. S. Zubkova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

The linear growth of forest plantations of Western Donbass’ recultivating plot №1 were studied. The established cross-sectional the area of trunks and timber reserves experimental trees.Characterized by parameters which are the volume of wood: its height, diameter at breast height and shape of the forming barrel. In diameter at breast height cross sectional area is determined and then the barrel volume is calculated. Cross sections of tree trunks are shaped like a circle or an ellipse. Knowing the volume of logs we calculated reserves of wood for trees experimental plots.The largest reserves of timber and cross-sectional area characterized planting U. pumila – 15,367 m3 and 1,9583 m2, A. platanoides – 13,328 m3 and 2,67 m2, Q. robur – 10,120 m3 and 1,452 m2, J. virginiana – 8,748 m3 and 2,106 m2. The least plantation stocks of wood characterized E. angustifolia – 1,3699 m3 and 0,3693 m2, R. pseudoacacia – 2,9478 m3 and 0,8350 m2, P. rallasiana – 3,1626 m3 and 0,3279 m2.

Erratum: The Prediction of Heartwood Diameter in Radiata Pine Trees

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-743
Author(s):  
W. E. Hillis ◽  
Nell Ditchburne
Keyword(s):  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Heartwood Diameter

scholarly journals Diameter increment distribution along the stem of narrow-leaved ash in response to thinning intensity

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal Özbayram
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Sample Tree ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
Different Parts

Narrow-leaved ash (NLA, Fraxinus angustifolia) is an important tree species due to its rapid development and valuable wood. In the pure NLA plantations in Turkey, little is known about the effects of thinning intensity on the diameter increment of different parts of the tree stem. In 2005, a thinning experiment with three thinning intensities (control: 0%; moderate: 19%; heavy: 28% of basal area removed) was established in an NLA plantation in Sakarya, Turkey. Seven years after thinning, a total of 25 sample trees representing dominant and co-dominant trees were felled, and cross-sectional stem samples were taken for analysis. The diameter at breast height (d<sub>1.30</sub>) and d<sub>1.30</sub> increments of the co-dominant trees with the moderate and heavy treatments were similar to each other and greater than in the controls. The seven-year d<sub>1.30</sub> increments of the dominant trees in the heavy-treatment plot were approximately 20% greater than in the other treatments plots. The highest diameter increments in both dominant and co-dominant trees for all treatments were determined at the 0.30 m and 17.30 m section heights. The sample tree diameter increments of between 1.30 m and 13.30 m were similar within their classes. In conclusion, heavy-intensity thinning of up to 28% did not cause tapering in the NLA plantation stems, and thus, heavy thinning can be recommended for NLA trees.

scholarly journals Determining the Age of Streetside Trees with Diameter at Breast Height-based Multifactorial Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Jan Lukaszkiewicz ◽  
Marek Kosmala
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Multifactorial Model ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
R Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Total Tree

This article evaluates the possibility of determining tree age based simultaneously on diameter at breast height (dbh) (1.3 m [4.3 ft]) and total tree height using common lime, common ash, and horsechestnut species. The first step was the identification and measuring groups of trees growing in similar conditions (streetside trees in Warsaw area, Poland) in which planting ages were known (mainly from archives). Next, multifactorial regression model was developed describing the growth of both tree parameters (dbh and height) over time. In the majority of cases, plotting tree age against diameter and height yielded a regression coefficient r value and determination coefficient r 2value above 0.9. For graphic interpretation of elaborated multifactorial models, nomograms were applied. This kind of graph allows explaining tree age based on both dbh and height of trees. Another step was verification. The resulting model was applied to unrelated groups of trees of known age. Mean bias values were established for each model. The difference between the actual age and mean age calculated with the model was less than ±15%. Presented model, although not meant for application to individual trees, might be useful to determine the age of groups of trees growing along streets and roads.

Allometric models for the estimation of leaf area and dry weight from sapwood and heartwood area in black locust (R. pseudacacia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatios Rafail Tziaferidis ◽  
Gavriil Spyroglou ◽  
Mariangela Fotelli ◽  
Kalliopi Radoglou
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sapwood Area ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pipe Model

&lt;p&gt;Allometric equations relating a tree&amp;#8217;s vascular system with its leaf area and dry weight are developed for numerous forest species, in order to link their hydraulic architecture to carbon and biomass allocation. In 1964, Shinozaki &lt;em&gt;et al.&lt;/em&gt; published the Pipe Model Theory (PMT) according to which, a given amount of leaves is supported by and is directly proportional to the area of the conductive tissue of the trunk. The present study aimed at testing whether PMT applies for &lt;em&gt;R. pseudacacia&lt;/em&gt; plantations established for restoration and carbon sequestration purposes. A total of 25 trees of black locust grown at the restored former open-cast mining areas of the lignite center of the Hellenic Public Power Corporation (HPPC) in Ptolemaida and Aminteo, NW Greece, were destructively sampled. For each tree we determined its leaf area, foliage dry weight, diameter at breast height, as well as the cross-sectional areas of the trunk, the sapwood and the current sapwood at the stump height (0.30m), the breast height (1.3m), in the middle of the stem, at the base of live crown, at 1/3 and 2/3 of the length of the crown. The relationships of leaf area and foliage dry weight with the different cross-sectional areas at the selected stem heights were tested with simple and multiple linear regression models at p&lt;0.001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Among all tested relationships, PMT was more strongly verified by the linear relationship estimating both leaf area and foliage dry weight by the total cross-sectional area at the middle of the stem (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.81). Sapwood area was found to be a less strong estimator of leaf area and foliage dry weight. The best relationships between sapwood area and leaf area / foliage were established when measured at the 1/3 of the length of the crown (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.70 and 0.77, for leaf area and dry weight, respectively). The widely used relationship of sapwood at breast height to both leaf area and weight was less strong in our study (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.66 and 0.68, for leaf area and dry weight, respectively). Furthermore, our results were not consistent with the theory of Shinozaki et al. (1964) that the ratio of leaf area to sapwood area increases from the top of the tree to the base of crown, where it is stabilized until breast height. These deviations may be due to the age of the studied plantations which does not exceed 30 years and the properties of the growth substrate consisting mainly of depositions from the extraction of lignite. The strongest allometric models for the estimation of leaf area and weight by tree diameter were built at breast height (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.72) and at the base of live crown (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.73), respectively. In addition, the trees&amp;#8217; diameter at the base of live crown could be reliably estimated by their diameter at breast height (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.78). Our results were only partly consistent with the PMT. However, the established relationships may be useful for modelling and assessment of carbon allocation, water balance and growth of black locust plantations in restoration sites.&lt;/p&gt;

Cone serotiny in jack pine: ontogenetic, positional, and environmental effects

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Gauthier ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Jean-Pierre Simon
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Environmental Causes

The main objective of this study was to determine empirically if the absence of serotinous (seed retaining) cones in young jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) was due to environmental causes, particularly to ground-radiated heat, or to the juvenility of the trees. Twenty-five jack pine populations were sampled in the southern part of the boreal forest, in Abitibi, Quebec. The age, diameter at breast height (DBH), and number of serotinous and nonserotinous cones per branch were determined for 30 trees per population. A subset of 10 other trees per population was felled to determine the number of serotinous and nonserotinous cones per cone age-class and per branch. DBH, age, and height of these trees were also measured. The results showed that DBH is more strongly related than age or height to the appearance of the first serotinous cone. Most trees that did not bear any serotinous cones had not reached a DBH of 7 cm. Until individuals had reached a DBH of 10 cm, the proportion of serotinous cones increased from year to year. The proportion of serotinous cones ≥4 years old was significantly lower than that of younger cones, indicating that old cones tended to open, particularly on those trees with a DBH greater than 10 cm. The proportion of serotinous cones on branches below 260 cm was significantly lower than that of cones situated above that height. The same trends were observed for cones where serotiny was determined in the laboratory, suggesting that the thermal environment is not entirely responsible for serotinous cone opening. We suggest that the age of branches affects the opening of cones and that the absence of serotinous cones in small trees is related to their juvenility. Seed release resulting from the absence of serotiny in small jack pine trees and the opening observed in old cones may play an important role in serotinous populations when the time interval between two fires is longer than the life-span of one jack pine generation.

A variable-exponent taper equation

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1363-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Variable Exponent ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Variable Form ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Taper Function ◽  
Taper Equation ◽  
Taper Equations ◽  
Different Parts

A different approach to fitting taper equations has been developed, which eliminates the necessity of using several functions to predict diameter inside bark at different parts of the stem. The variable form taper function is easy to develop and saves computing time. For the data used in this study, it predicted tree profile as a function of height, diameter at breast height, and height from the ground with less bias than many of the taper-estimating systems found in the literature.

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