ON THE ANTIGENICITY OF INSULIN: FLOCCULATION OF INSULIN-ANTIINSULIN

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moloney ◽  
M. A. Aprile
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Molecular Ratio

Serum from a horse which had received a series of injections of crystalline ox insulin showed typical flocculation with a solution of crystalline ox and pig insulins and with crude insulin extracted from the pancreas of the rabbit, horse, monkey, whale, and human. Flocculation was due to insulin and its corresponding antibody, since both insulin and antiinsulin, measured by mouse convulsion test, could be recovered from floccules. The ratio of insulin antibody to insulin (equivalence zone) is in the order of 497 to 553 micrograms per unit of insulin (40 μg). This corresponds to a molecular ratio of antibody: insulin of 3:1.

ON THE ANTIGENICITY OF INSULIN: FLOCCULATION OF INSULIN-ANTIINSULIN

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moloney ◽  
M. A. Aprile
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Molecular Ratio

Serum from a horse which had received a series of injections of crystalline ox insulin showed typical flocculation with a solution of crystalline ox and pig insulins and with crude insulin extracted from the pancreas of the rabbit, horse, monkey, whale, and human. Flocculation was due to insulin and its corresponding antibody, since both insulin and antiinsulin, measured by mouse convulsion test, could be recovered from floccules. The ratio of insulin antibody to insulin (equivalence zone) is in the order of 497 to 553 micrograms per unit of insulin (40 μg). This corresponds to a molecular ratio of antibody: insulin of 3:1.

Sites of Insulin Action Using Ferritin Labeling

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver ◽  
Ronald S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Uranium Salts ◽  
Sugar Levels

Some investigators feel that insulin does not enter cells but exerts its influence in some manner on the cell surface. Ferritin labeling of insulin and insulin antibody was used to determine if binding sites of insulin to specific target organs could be seen with electron microscopy.Alloxanized rats were considered diabetic if blood sugar levels were in excess of 300 mg %. Test reagents included ferritin, ferritin labeled insulin, and ferritin labeled insulin antibody. Target organs examined were were diaphragm, kidney, gastrocnemius, fat pad, liver and anterior pituitary. Reagents were administered through the left common carotid. Survival time was at least one hour in test animals. Tissue incubation studies were also done in normal as well as diabetic rats. Specimens were fixed in gluteraldehyde and osmium followed by staining with lead and uranium salts. Some tissues were not stained.

PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF INSULIN-131I IN GUINEA PIGS IMMUNIZED AGAINST INSULIN

1966 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan I. Thorell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
Insulin Antibody

ABSTRACT The placenta is considered to be impermeable or only slightly permeable to insulin. Insulin antibodies are transferred from mother to foetus in man and in guinea pigs. The passage of insulin-131I from mother to foetus was studied in guinea pigs with and without antibodies against insulin. Antibody-bound insulin-131I was recovered in plasma from foetuses of immunized pregnant guinea pigs, at intervals of more than 5 hours after the injection of insulin-131I to the mother. The foetal levels of insulin-131I were rather low, the highest recorded value being 27% of the maternal plasma concentration. This peak was reached 32 hours after the injection. No insulin-131I was found in the foetuses of non-immunized guinea pigs.

Relation between insulin antibody and complement-fixing islet cell antibody at clinical diagnosis of IDDM

Diabetes ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Karjalainen ◽  
M. Knip ◽  
A. Mustonen ◽  
J. Ilonen ◽  
H. K. Akerblom
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Islet Cell Antibody ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Cell Antibody

Isoelectric focusing of insulin, 125I-insulin and the 125I-insulin-antibody complex

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1828-1834
Author(s):  
Asja Šiševa ◽  
Jiřina Slaninová ◽  
Tomislav Barth ◽  
Stephan P. Ditzov ◽  
Luben M. Sirakov
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Isoelectric Points ◽  
Antibody Complex ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Acid Region ◽  
Three Components

Isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gel columns of three native crystalline commercial preparations of insulin and 125I-labelled insulin was carried out. All the compounds studied contained three components of different isoelectric points. The largest fraction, having pI 5.60 ± 0.05, was common to all preparations. The other two fractions were situated in the acid region of pH between pI 4.5 and 5.2. The presence of these fractions is explained by the contamination of crystalline insulins by proinsulin and by the formation of des-amido derivatives during the dissolving and storage of insulin samples, and, in case of labelled insulin, also by the presence of heavily iodinated insulin and contaminating components. The isoelectric focusing of the complex 125I-insulin-antibody showed a peak of radioactivity having pI 6.15 ± 0.05.

The Development of the Soil Profile in North Wales as Illustrated by the Character of the Clay Fraction

1930 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Molecular Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
North Wales

1. The changes in composition of the clay fraction in different horizons of some typical North Welsh profiles have been studied.2. The changes in the molecular ratio of silica to sesquioxides (SiO2/Al2O3+ Fe2O3) throughout a soil profile afford an indication of the nature of the eluviation which has affected the mineral portion of the soil.3. The data for North Welsh soils indicate a general tendency to enrichment of the lower layers in sesquioxides, particularly ferric oxide, at the expense of the surface layers.4. The silica-sesquioxide ratio of the clay fraction is an important aid to series definition.5. The soils of North Wales, particularly in the uplands, have probably been subjected to considerable erosion in the past. The profiles are therefore considered to be more or less truncated.

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