Eléments du comportement sexuel chez Pardosa xerampelina (Keyserling) (Araneida : Lycosidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dumais ◽  
J.-M. Perron ◽  
C. D. Dondale
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contact Sex Pheromone ◽  
Comportement Sexuel ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Audible Sound ◽  
Short Run

Courtship in male Pardosa xerampelina is stimulated by a contact sex pheromone laid down by the female, though visual cues also play a part. There is a short period of immobility, followed by the extension and raising of the pedipalps, one after the other. The male then makes a short run toward the female, his tarsi making an audible sound on the substratum. This sequence is repeated one or more times until the male is very close to the female, when he drums on the substratum (also producing a sound), taps the legs and cephalothorax of the female with his anterior legs, and mounts at once.

The Effect of Membership in the European Monetary Union on Trade Between Member Countries (An Empirical Study)

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
European Monetary Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
European Monetary ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Euro Adoption ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Short Run

The question of whether or not to adopt the euro is a very important one, not only for the 13 European Union members that do not share the same currency, but also for future EU candidates. Current literature on the effect of the euro on trade is scarce since the European Monetary Union (EMU) was officially created in 1999, and up until recently there has not been enough data to analyze this issue. This paper aims to estimate the effect of the euro on trade between member countries using the standard gravity model of trade. Using data from current 25 EU members over the period from 1997 to 2004, I show that higher trade volumes between EMU members cannot be attributed to the adoption of the euro. I find evidence that the euro adoption has had a short-run effect on bilateral trade and that this effect is eliminated over a short period of time. My findings suggest that members of the EMU trade on average from 8.8% to 47% more compared to non-members depending on the type of regression used, while members of the Free Trade Agreement trade 61.3% more. The effect of the euro on trade is eliminated as soon as I control for country-pair specific effects that include the FTA effect as well as history of trade relations between two countries. I conclude that the adoption of the euro should be seen as a final step in the European economic and monetary integration for countries that already benefit from relatively high volumes of bilateral trade. Full text availale at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v2i1.166

scholarly journals Improving Contagion and Horizontal Transmission of Entomopathogenic Fungi by the White-Spotted Longicorn Beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca, with Help of Contact Sex Pheromone

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Nao Fujiwara-Tsujii ◽  
Hiroe Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Contact Sex Pheromone ◽  
Beauveria Brongniartii ◽  
Contact Pheromone ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Longicorn Beetle

The white-spotted longicorn beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca, is one of the most destructive pests of horticultural crops and street trees. Effective controls are needed because the effect of marketed insecticides is limited. Entomopathogenic fungi offer a solution, and improving the rate of infection would be a breakthrough in this beetle’s control. The combination of pathogenic fungi and the beetle’s contact sex pheromone was suggested. The surface of the female body is covered with contact sex pheromone, which elicit male mating behavior. To develop a method for the practical control of this beetle, we evaluated the arrestant activity of female extract containing contact pheromone coated on a black glass model. Males presented with a coated model held on for 5 h (mean) during an 8-h experiment. In contrast, males presented with a control model held on for <0.3 h. Males that held onto coated models attached to fabric impregnated with conidia of the fungus Beauveria brongniartii picked up much conidia, which they then passed on to females during mating.

Aircraft Applications of Insecticides in East Africa. IV.—The Application of Coarse Aerosols in Savannah Woodland containing the Tsetse Flies Glossina morsitans and G. swynnertoni

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Hocking ◽  
H. C. M. Parr ◽  
D. Yeo ◽  
D. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Savannah Woodland ◽  
Mass Median

Attempts have been made to eradicate the tsetse flies G. morsitans and G. swynnertoni from two blocks of savannah woodland situated in the Central Province of Tanganyika.The insecticides were applied from aircraft. Coarse aerosols were used, with mass median diameters of approximately 90 microns; droplet diameters varied from 4 microns to 250 microns approximately.Eight applications of insecticides were made at intervals of two weeks. Each application was carried out at a nominal dosage of 0·25 gallons per acre, which was equivalent to 0·20 1b. per acre of the p, p'isomer of DDT or 0·03 lb. per acre of the γ isomer of BHC.In the area treated with DDT it is possible that both species of flies were eradicated for a short period, but small populations were re-established there by immigrant flies. In the other block the reduction was not so great, but it is not considered that this was due to a lesser effectiveness of the BHC, but to a combination of circumstances that led to less effective applications.Some general observations are made upon the use of aircraft for this sort of work, particularly in connection with the effect of meteorological conditions.

scholarly journals Genetic or Psychogenic? A Case Study of “Folie à Quatre” Including Twins

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Ohnuma ◽  
Heii Arai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Schizophrenia Patient ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Common ◽  
Shared Psychotic Disorder

Shared psychotic disorder, characterized by shared delusion among two or more subjects (termed “Folie à deux,” “trois,” etc.), is often associated with strong religious beliefs or social isolation, factors creating strong psychological sympathy. Recently, we treated a rare familial case of “Folie à quatre” in central Tokyo without such influences. The proband was a schizophrenia patient and younger brother within monozygotic twins. Positive symptoms were “transmitted” to remaining family members, his elder brother, mother, and father father, in a relatively short period of three months. Although the pathophysiology of these positive symptoms (delusions and hallucinations) remains unclear, the transmission pattern suggests the primacy of social and environmental factors (and/or their interaction), while genetics appeared less influential in this “Folie à famille.” Although undiagnosed psychoses in the whole family cannot be excluded, they did not share the other negative schizophrenia symptoms of the proband. A strong familial connection appeared to be the most important factor for the common delusion and hallucination.

Comportement sexuel et stratégie reproductrice chez le Chryseida bennetti Burks (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoïde de la bruche du haricot. I. Effet de l'âge des partenaires

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud ◽  
Mireille Campan
Keyword(s):  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Comportement Sexuel ◽  
Guarding Behavior ◽  
Multiple Matings ◽  
Old Females ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus Say

This paper relates a female age effect to the mating behavior of Chryseida bennetti Burks, an ectoparasitoid of the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say)). The sexual behavior includes rapid courtship and copulation followed by a postmating courtship behavior ("guarding"). Male guarding behavior varies according to the females' age, with males guarding females of 2–3 days old longer than younger and older females. A period of sexual maturation is necessary for most of the males. Females' attractiveness begins at the pupal stage, and their receptivity on emergence. Mated females are still attractive to males. Multiple matings (up to four copulations) with the same male have been observed. The females' age seems to control copulation frequency and the duration of the postmating courtship behavior. Two- and three-day-old females had more successive multiple matings with the same male than the other females did, and males spent much more time guarding them. The age of the males (except from newly emerged males) did not seem to influence copulation frequency. On the other hand, the complexity of the sequential courtship behavior increased with the age of the partners. The function of males' postmating courtship is discussed.

scholarly journals Dynamic Causal Relationships among GDP, Exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehrara ◽  
Amin Haghnejad ◽  
Jalal Dehnavi ◽  
Fereshteh Jandaghi Meybodi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Growth Hypothesis

Using panel techniques, this paper estimates the causality among economic growth, exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows for developing countries over the period of 1980 to 2008. The study indicates that; firstly, there is strong evidence of bidirectional causality between economic growth and FDI inflows. Secondly, the exports-led growth hypothesis is supported by the finding of unidirectional causality running from exports to economic growth in both the short-run and the long-run. Thirdly, export is not Granger caused by economic growth and FDI inflow in either the short run or the long run. On the basis of the obtained results, it is recommended that outward-oriented strategies and policies of attracting FDI be pursued by developing countries to achieve higher rates of economic growth. On the other hand, the countries can increase FDI inflows by stimulating their economic growth.

scholarly journals The Effect of Membership in the European Monetary Union on Trade Between Member Countries (An Empirical Study)

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
European Monetary Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
European Monetary ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Euro Adoption ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Short Run

The question of whether or not to adopt the euro is a very important one, not only for the 13 European Union members that do not share the same currency, but also for future EU candidates. Current literature on the effect of the euro on trade is scarce since the European Monetary Union (EMU) was officially created in 1999, and up until recently there has not been enough data to analyze this issue. This paper aims to estimate the effect of the euro on trade between member countries using the standard gravity model of trade. Using data from current 25 EU members over the period from 1997 to 2004, I show that higher trade volumes between EMU members cannot be attributed to the adoption of the euro. I find evidence that the euro adoption has had a short-run effect on bilateral trade and that this effect is eliminated over a short period of time. My findings suggest that members of the EMU trade on average from 8.8% to 47% more compared to non-members depending on the type of regression used, while members of the Free Trade Agreement trade 61.3% more. The effect of the euro on trade is eliminated as soon as I control for country-pair specific effects that include the FTA effect as well as history of trade relations between two countries. I conclude that the adoption of the euro should be seen as a final step in the European economic and monetary integration for countries that already benefit from relatively high volumes of bilateral trade.

scholarly journals Research On Monetary Neutrality: Evidence From Exchange Rate And Trade Balance Of G-7 Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doh-Khul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Monetary Shocks ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Monetary Neutrality ◽  
Nominal Shocks

<p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">According to a recent paper by Fisher and Huh (200</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">2</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">), in contrast to a long-run neutrality hypothesis, nominal shocks have long-run effects on a country&rsquo;s real exchange rate</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> and trade balance.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> However employing </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">a </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">similar method (VAR) with identical restrictions (</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">long-run neutrality and </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">short-run recursive</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> hypotheses</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">), </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">this paper </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">show</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">s</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> that the effects on the real exchange rate are much shorter</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> in this G-7 country study</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> than what </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">Fisher and Huh (2002) contend.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Further, the trade balance improves for a short period of time, from which </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">it can</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> conclude there is a shorter existence of the depreciation effect in response to </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;">expansionary</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> monetary shocks, which supports the long-run neutrality hypothesis</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> in an open macroeconomic framework</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></span></span></p>

scholarly journals Managing relationships through repetition

Pragmatics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Saeko Machi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Talk Show ◽  
The Third ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Tv Talk Show ◽  
Dynamic Relationships

Abstract This study examines cross-speaker repetition in triadic conversations in the Japanese language. For the analysis, three sets of triadic conversations between close friends taken from a TV talk show are used. The results reveal that repetition in triadic conversations performs distinctive functions that are not observed in dyadic conversations: repetition often takes place between only two participants of the triad and allows the two to team up and strengthen their bond exclusively (teaming repetition), or even playfully tease the third participant (teasing repetition). Repetition is also shared between the three participants. In such cases, it allows the participants to create an instant bond by joking or referring to shared circumstances (immediate threefold repetition), or to gradually establish rapport by connecting their utterances and co-constructing a story (repetition relay). All these types of repetition express the participants’ points of view and contribute efficiently to their relationships that shift from moment to moment. The study further demonstrates cases in which one participant makes good use of various repetition types in a short period of time and efficiently allocates thoughts and feelings to the other two participants. The study concludes that repetition plays a significant role in Japanese conversation, helping speakers to converse smoothly and manage the dynamic relationships efficiently.

scholarly journals Monetary Policy Channels and Industrial Production in Pakistan: Evidences based on ARDL Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-721
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Sadaf Shahab ◽  
Saad Ali Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Bound Test

Monetary policy is a significant component of economic management, with which we can control higher inflation, boost the economic growth and stabilize the other macroeconomic activities. This study investigates the channels of monetary policy affecting the industrial production using monthly data of Pakistan. In this regard, we have applied Bound test for co-integration to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the variables. Our results indicate that the consumer prices, money supply and money market rates are negatively effective for industrial production in the short-run. On the other hand, exchange rate has positive effect in short-run. The results also indicate that there is statistically significant and positive relationship between industrial output and money supply in the long-run, too. The adjustment mechanism suggests stability in the system and is statistically significant. Our results imply that the authorities should use expansionary monetary stance through money supply channel to boost the industrial sector.

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