Segregation in feeding behaviour of four diving ducks in southern Manitoba

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Siegfried
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Diving Ducks ◽  
Small Wetlands ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

The canvasback, Aythya valisinaria; redhead, A. americana; scaup, A. affinis; and ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis, are sympatric on the small wetlands of the Canadian prairie region. The four species did not occur randomly and each species tended to occur by itself more often than with any other species. Each species tended to forage in a particular part of a pond. Selection for different foraging sites appears to be important in segregating those species whose diets overlap most.

scholarly journals A model of ruddy duck Oxyura jamaicensis eradication for the UK

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. SMITH ◽  
I. S. HENDERSON ◽  
P. A. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

Conditioned feeding responses of sheep towards food flavours associated with administration of ruminally degradable and/or undegradable protein sources

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
G. Arsenos ◽  
B. J. Tolkamp ◽  
I. Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Prevailing View ◽  
Degradable Protein

The basis of diet selection for protein by ruminants has been questioned by Tolkamp et al. (1998). They suggested that diet selection by ruminants is based on the ruminally degradable protein (RDP) of foods whereas the metabolizable protein (MP) yield has no effect when the foods offered as a choice contain adequate RDP. However, it is necessary for an animal to have some knowledge of the nutritional properties of the available foods in order to select appropriately between them, as the prevailing view is that its feeding behaviour depends largely on learning (Arsenos and Kyriazakis, 1999). The objective of this study was threefold: (i) to test whether sheep are able to form specific associations between food flavours and post-ingestive consequences (PIC) induced by the administration of a ruminally undegradable, but readily digestible protein source (DUP); (ii) to investigate the relative importance of RDP and DUP sources and their consequent PIC in the development of such associations; and (iii) to test whether such associations can be formed when DUP is administered concurrently with a RDP source. Following Tolkamp et al.'s (1998) suggestion we have hypothesised that learned associations would be dictated by the PIC attributed to RDP rather than DUP administration.

scholarly journals Variation in Size, Composition, and Quality of Ruddy Duck Eggs and Ducklings

The Condor ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Pelayo ◽  
Robert G. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

AbstractTo evaluate why ducklings hatching from large eggs generally survive better than ducklings from small eggs, we quantified egg-size-related variation in composition and quality of eggs and ducklings of wild Ruddy Ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis). Fresh egg mass averaged 74.1 ± 4.3 g (SD), but ranged from 60.5 to 83.8 g. Despite remarkably large egg size relative to adult female body size, and a 1.4-fold difference in mass between the smallest and largest eggs, most egg constituents increased in direct proportion to fresh egg mass, with bigger eggs producing heavier and larger ducklings. However, large ducklings had proportionately larger yolk sac stores than did small ducklings. Thus, large ducklings also had greater total lipid reserves, an advantage that could enable them to survive better than small ducklings during the first few days after hatching.Variación en el Tamaño, Composición y Calidad de los Huevos y Polluelos de Oxyura jamaicensisResumen. Para evaluar por qué los polluelos que eclosionan de huevos grandes sobreviven mejor que polluelos provenientes de huevos pequeños, cuantificamos la variación en la composición y calidad de huevos y polluelos en relación al tamaño del huevo en Oxyura jamaicensis. La masa fresca de los huevos promedió 74.1 ± 4.3 g (DE), pero varió entre 60.5 y 83.8 g. A pesar del gran tamaño de los huevos en relación al tamaño corporal de la hembra, y de una diferencia de 1.4 veces en la masa entre el huevo más pequeño y él más grande, la mayoría de los componentes del huevo aumentaron en proporción directa con la masa fresca del huevo. Huevos más grandes produjeron polluelos más grandes y pesados. Sin embargo, polluelos grandes presentaron relativamente mayores reservas en el saco vitelino que polluelos pequeños. Por lo tanto, los polluelos grandes también presentaron una mayor reserva total de lípidos, ventaja que podría permitirles sobrevivir mejor que a los polluelos más pequeños durante los primeros días luego de la eclosión.

Note on Bill Color of the Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis rubida

The Auk ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Hays ◽  
Helen M. Habermann
Keyword(s):  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

scholarly journals Consequences of genetic change in farm animals on food intake and feeding behaviour

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Emmans ◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Genetic Change ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Environmental Decisions ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Over Time

Selection in commercial populations on aspects of output, such as for growth rate in poultry, against fatness and for growth rate in pigs, and for milk yield in cows, has had very large effects on such outputs over the past 50 years. Partly because of the cost of recording intake, there has been little or no selection for food intake or feeding behaviour. In order to predict the effects of such past, and future, selection on intake it is necessary to have some suitable theoretical framework. Intake needs to be predicted in order to make rational feeding and environmental decisions. The idea that an animal will eat ‘to meet its requirements’ has proved useful and continues to be fruitful. An important part of the idea is that the animal (genotype) can be described in a way that is sufficient for the accurate prediction of its outputs over time. Such descriptions can be combined with a set of nutritional constants to calculate requirements. There appears to have been no change in the nutritional constants under selection for output. Under such selection it is simplest to assume that changes in intake follow from the changes in output rates, so that intake changes become entirely predictable. It is suggested that other ways that have been proposed for predicting intake cannot be successful in predicting the effects of selection. Feeding behaviour is seen as being the means that the animal uses to attain its intake rather than being the means by which that intake can be predicted. Thus, the organisation of feeding behaviour can be used to predict neither intake nor the effects of selection on it.

Cheek plumage pattern in Colombian Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis

Ibis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Adams ◽  
Evelyn R. Slavid
Keyword(s):  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

Intensive selection for growth in broilers has not altered normal feeding behaviour

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
J A Howie ◽  
B J Tolkamp ◽  
S Avendano ◽  
I Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Intake Control

Selection for increased growth rate in livestock may be accompanied by increases in requirements for energy and nutrients. It has been suggested that intensively selected broilers have altered food intake control mechanisms and could be constantly hungry, due to their high resource demands (Bokkers et al. 2004), which would be a major welfare issue. Such alterations in food intake control mechanisms as a side-effect of genetic selection would lead to changes in the feeding behaviour of birds, such as the clustering of visits into meals and the probability of birds starting a new meal in relation to the time since the last meal. The aim of this study was to test whether broilers intensively selected for growth showed any alteration in the structure of their feeding behaviour that would indicate a change in the underlying hunger and satiety control mechanisms.

Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin, 1789).

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Carlos Gutiérrez-Expósito ◽  
Claire A. Pernollet ◽  
Tim Adriaens ◽  
Iain Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Oxyura Jamaicensis

Abstract This chapter describes the taxonomic nomenclature, distribution, morphology, reproduction, behaviour, habitats, pathways of invasion, environmental impact, control and relevance to humans of the ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis).

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