scholarly journals Sterile neutrinos, black hole vacuum and holographic principle

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Barenboim ◽  
Christopher T. Hill

AbstractWe construct an effective field theory (EFT) model that describes matter field interactions with Schwarzschild mini-black-holes (SBH’s), treated as a scalar field, $$B_0(x)$$ B 0 ( x ) . Fermion interactions with SBH’s require a complex spurion field, $$\theta _{ij}$$ θ ij , which we interpret as the EFT description of “holographic information,” which is correlated with the SBH as a composite system. We consider Hawking’s virtual black hole vacuum (VBH) as a Higgs phase, $$\langle B_0 \rangle =V$$ ⟨ B 0 ⟩ = V . Integrating sterile neutrino loops, the information field $$\theta _{ij}$$ θ ij is promoted to a dynamical field, necessarily developing a tachyonic instability and acquiring a VEV of order the Planck scale. For N sterile neutrinos this breaks the vacuum to $$SU(N)\times U(1)/SO(N)$$ S U ( N ) × U ( 1 ) / S O ( N ) with N degenerate Majorana masses, and $$\frac{1}{2}N(N+1)$$ 1 2 N ( N + 1 ) Nambu-Goldstone neutrino-Majorons. The model suggests many scalars fields, corresponding to all fermion bilinears, may exist bound nonperturbatively by gravity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dekens ◽  
J. de Vries ◽  
T. Tong

Abstract Charged currents are probed in low-energy precision β-decay experiments and at high-energy colliders, both of which aim to measure or constrain signals of beyond-the-Standard-Model physics. In light of future β-decay and LHC measurements that will further explore these non-standard interactions, we investigate what neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) experiments can tell us if a nonzero signal were to be found. Using a recently developed effective-field-theory framework, we consider the effects that interactions with right-handed neutrinos have on 0νββ and discuss the range of neutrino masses that current and future 0νββ measurements can probe, assuming neutrinos are Majorana particles. For non-standard interactions at the level suggested by recently observed hints in β decays, we show that next-generation 0νββ experiments can determine the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos, for sterile neutrino masses larger than $$ \mathcal{O}(10) $$ O 10 eV.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (36) ◽  
pp. 1850219
Author(s):  
Biplab Paik

In this paper, we propose a UV complete, quantum improved picture of a black hole geometry that conforms to the IR gravity of effective field theory. Our work builds on identifying an effective space-distributed notion of black hole fluid in quantum improved regular Einstein gravity and its theoretical correspondence with a cosmology inspired power law fluctuation of matter. Hence, we make use of phenomenological asymptotic scales of matter fluctuation in static space to consequently derive a UV complete line-element of black hole space–time. In this appraisal, it gets explicit how principle of causality is preserved even while there is an effective spread of black hole fluid across horizon(s). Gravity changes from its conventional classical geometry-state to a quantum masked profile across a hypersurface of characteristic radius [Formula: see text]. We make analyses that probe the newly proposed quantum improved gravity in the contexts of regularity of Einstein fields, complete predictability of Hawking radiation process, and first law of black hole thermodynamics. It emerges that quantum black hole geometry self-regulates a regular timelike core that is abide by every quantum theoretical constraint while being flat around its center.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Xiao-Dong Ma ◽  
Michael A. Schmidt

Abstract In this work we investigate the implication of low-energy precision measurements on the quark-lepton charged currents in general neutrino interactions with sterile neutrinos in effective field theories. The physics in low-energy measurements is described by the low-energy effective field theory extended with sterile neutrinos (LNEFT) defined below the electroweak scale. We also take into account renormalization group running and match the LNEFT onto the Standard Model (SM) effective field theory with sterile neutrinos (SMNEFT) to constrain new physics (NP) above the electroweak scale. The most sensitive low-energy probes are from leptonic decays of pseudoscalar mesons and hadronic tau lepton decays in terms of precise decay branching fractions, the lepton flavor universality and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) unitarity. We also consider other constraints including nuclear beta decay. The constraints on charged current operators are generally stronger than the ones for quark-neutrino neutral current operators. We find that the most stringent bounds on the NP scale of lepton-number-conserving and lepton- number-violating operators in SMNEFT are 74 (110) TeV and 9.8 (13) TeV, respectively, for the operators with down (strange) quark.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Brustein ◽  
Yoav Zigdon

Abstract We calculate the entropy of an asymptotically Schwarzschild black hole, using an effective field theory of winding modes in type II string theory. In Euclidean signature, the geometry of the black hole contains a thermal cycle which shrinks towards the horizon. The light excitations thus include, in addition to the metric and the dilaton, also the winding modes around this cycle. The winding modes condense in the near-horizon region and source the geometry of the thermal cycle. Using the effective field theory action and standard thermodynamic relations, we show that the entropy, which is also sourced by the winding modes condensate, is exactly equal to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole. We then discuss some properties of the winding mode condensate and end with an application of our method to an asymptotically linear-dilaton black hole.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Burgess ◽  
Ryan Plestid ◽  
Markus Rummel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordy de Vries ◽  
Herbert K. Dreiner ◽  
Julian Y. Günther ◽  
Zeren Simon Wang ◽  
Guanghui Zhou

Abstract We study the prospects of a displaced-vertex search of sterile neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the framework of the neutrino-extended Standard Model Effective Field Theory (νSMEFT). The production and decay of sterile neutrinos can proceed via the standard active-sterile neutrino mixing in the weak current, as well as through higher-dimensional operators arising from decoupled new physics. If sterile neutrinos are long-lived, their decay can lead to displaced vertices which can be reconstructed. We investigate the search sensitivities for the ATLAS/CMS detector, the future far-detector experiments: AL3X, ANUBIS, CODEX-b, FASER, MATHUSLA, and MoEDAL-MAPP, and at the proposed fixed-target experiment SHiP. We study scenarios where sterile neutrinos are predominantly produced via rare charm and bottom mesons decays through minimal mixing and/or dimension-six operators in the νSMEFT Lagrangian. We perform simulations to determine the potential reach of high-luminosity LHC experiments in probing the EFT operators, finding that these experiments are very competitive with other searches.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Lin Li ◽  
Zhe Ren ◽  
Ming-Lei Xiao ◽  
Jiang-Hao Yu ◽  
Yu-Hui Zheng

Abstract We obtain the complete and independent bases of effective operators at mass dimension 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in both standard model effective field theory with light sterile right-handed neutrinos (νSMEFT) and low energy effective field theory with light sterile neutrinos (νLEFT). These theories provide systematical parametrizations on all possible Lorentz-invariant physical effects involving in the Majorana/Dirac neutrinos, with/without the lepton number violations. In the νSMEFT, we find that there are 2 (18), 29 (1614), 80 (4206), 323 (20400), 1358 (243944) independent operators with sterile neutrinos included at the dimension 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 for one (three) generation of fermions, while 24, 5223, 3966, 25425, 789426 independent operators in the νLEFT for two generations of up-type quarks and three generations of all other fermions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvi Bern ◽  
Andres Luna ◽  
Radu Roiban ◽  
Chia-Hsien Shen ◽  
Mao Zeng

Author(s):  
Daniel Harlow ◽  
Edgar Shaghoulian

We discuss a recent proposal that the Euclidean gravity approach to quantum gravity is correct if and only if the theory is holographic, providing several examples and general arguments to support the conjecture. This provides a natural mechanism for the low-energy gravitational effective field theory to access a host of deep ultraviolet properties, like the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy of black holes, the unitarity of black hole evaporation, and the lack of exact global symmetries.


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