scholarly journals Photon frequency shift in curvature-based Extended Theories of Gravity

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Capozziello ◽  
G. Lambiase ◽  
A. Stabile ◽  
An. Stabile
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Shift ◽  
General Relation ◽  
Field Approximation ◽  
Weak Field ◽  
Perturbative Approach ◽  
Gravitational Theories ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Extended Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories

AbstractWe study the frequency shift of photons generated by rotating gravitational sources in the framework of curvature-based Extended Theories of Gravity. The discussion is developed considering the weak-field approximation. Following a perturbative approach, we analyze the process of exchanging photons between Earth and a given satellite, and we find a general relation to constrain the free parameters of gravitational theories. Finally, we suggest the Moon as a possible laboratory to test theories of gravity by future experiments which can be, in principle, based also on other Solar System bodies.

scholarly journals Testing fundamental physics with photon frequency shift

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Buoninfante ◽  
Gaetano Lambiase ◽  
Antonio Stabile
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Excited State ◽  
Frequency Shift ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Electron Spins ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Spin Flip ◽  
Extended Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories

Abstract We propose a high precision satellite experiment to further test Einstein’s General Relativity and constrain extended theories of gravity. We consider the frequency shift of a photon radially exchanged between two observers located on Earth and on a satellite in circular orbit in the equatorial plane. In General Relativity there exists a peculiar satellite-distance at which the static contribution to the frequency shift vanishes since the effects induced by pure gravity and special relativity compensate, while it can be non-zero in modified gravities, like in models with screening mechanisms. As an experimental device placed on the satellite we choose a system of hydrogen atoms which can exhibit the 1 s spin-flip transition from the singlet (unaligned proton-electron spins) to the triplet (aligned proton-electron spins) state induced by the absorption of photons at 21.1 cm. The observation of an excited state would indicate that the frequency of the emitted and absorbed photon remains unchanged according to General Relativity. On the contrary, a non-zero frequency shift, as predicted in extended theories of gravity, would prevent the spin-flip transition and the hydrogen atoms from jumping into the excited state. Such a detection would signify a smoking-gun signature of new physics beyond special and general relativity.

Shadow from a rotating black hole in an extended gravity

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 2040060
Author(s):  
Vjacheslav Prokopov ◽  
Stanislav Alexeyev
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Event Horizon ◽  
Rotating Black Hole ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories

We focus on the consequences of that the Event Horizon Telescope obtained images of the black hole shadow in the center of the M87 galaxy. We show that to test extended theories of gravity the improving of the resolution by 3 orders is necessary. In addition it is demonstrated that the rotation distorts the shape of the shadow and corrections from the extended gravity may affect on this distortion.

scholarly journals Evaporation/Antievaporation and energy conditions in alternative gravity

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Addazi
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Raychaudhuri Equation ◽  
Bonnet Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Extended Theories ◽  
Alternative Gravity

We discuss the evaporation and antievaporation instabilities of Nariai solution in extended theories of gravity. These phenomena were explicitly shown in several different extensions of General Relativity, suggesting that a universal cause is behind them. We show that evaporation and antievaporation are originated from deformations of energy conditions on the Nariai horizon. Energy conditions get new contributions from the extra propagating degrees of freedom, which can provide extra focalizing or antifocalizing terms in the Raychaudhuri equation. We show the two explicit cases of [Formula: see text]-gravity and Gauss–Bonnet gravity.

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