Improving Education: Access, Quality, and Future Readiness

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-234
Keyword(s):  
Education Access

The Determinants of Poverty: Case of Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Lilik Sugiharti ◽  
Martha Ranggi Primanthi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Logit Regression Model

Objective - The objectives of the study were to analyze the general picture of poverty, and determinants of poverty in Indonesia. Understanding poverty characteristic is a main point for designing an effective poverty reduction strategy. During the last five years Indonesia has experienced a slowing down growth and the poverty rates has declined slightly. Some provinces or regions have managed to reduce the poverty well, while others have been slower, and also the distribution of the poor is uneven across both rural and urban, generally the rural is more than urban area. Methodology/Technique - Factors determining poverty of households were estimated and anayzed using a logit regression model, and it is found that such demographic factors as gender and age of households head, size of households, factors of production included accessibility to the technology and credit, working status, and education attainment, and also geographic characteristics significantly explain reasons for being poor. Moreover, increasing for accessibility of households to the technology and credit, reducing the size of households, and increasing an education attainment especially in rural area are important to do as a government priority intervention. Findings - The results of the determinants of poverty in Indonesia shows that poor households are those with large number of dependents and equipped with limited education access, and the majority of these households live in rural area. Novelty - Study suggests that increasing for accessibility of households to the technology and credit, reducing the size of households, and increasing an education attainment especially in rural area are important to do as a government priority intervention or policy implications. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Logit Regression; Poverty Reduction, Indonesia. JEL Classification: I21, I22, I24.

Non-Burdensome Process: An Argument in Support of Reframing What Constitutes Necessary Disability Documentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Axelrod ◽  
Adam Meyer ◽  
Julie Alexander ◽  
Enjie Hall ◽  
Kristie Orr
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
First Language ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Disability Accommodation ◽  
Disability Documentation

Institutions of higher education and their respective disability offices have been challenged with determining how to apply the 2008 Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) in our present-day work settings. Prior to the amendments, third-party documentation was considered essential almost to the point of being non-negotiable in need for most disability offices to facilitate accommodations for disabled students (The authors have made an intentional choice to utilize identity-first language to challenge negative connotations associated with the term disability and highlight the role that inaccessible systems and environments play in disabling people). The ADAAA questioned this mindset. Students with disabilities often found (and still find) themselves burdened financially and procedurally by disability offices requiring documentation to the point where students may not receive the access they truly need. Furthermore, college campuses are increasingly focusing on the limitations of the environment and not the person. As a result of this evolution, the Association on Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD) offered a new framework in 2012 describing how to define documentation. For professionals in the higher education disability field and for those invested in this work, it is critical to grasp the evolving understanding of what constitutes documentation and necessary information to make disability accommodation decisions. Otherwise, disabiled students may be further excluded from higher education access.

scholarly journals Analysis of Profit Efficiency of Sesame Production in Yobe State, Nigeria: A Stochastic Translog Profit Function Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
S. E. Jonah ◽  
B. G. Shettima ◽  
A. S. S. Umar ◽  
E. Timothy
Keyword(s):  
Percent Level ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Profit Function ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Education Access ◽  
The Cost

Aims: Sesame productions are constantly bedeviled with menace because of inadequate supply of quality seed, extension services, credit facilities, presence of inefficiencies among others. The capacity of sesame producers to accept new innovation and achieve sustained production relies upon the level of profit efficiency, generally dictated by variable input and output prices including the cost of fixed factors of production. Physical profitability contemplations such technical, allocative and economic efficiency are significant in improving production proficiency but profit efficiency will result to higher profit to sesame farmers. This paper examined the profit efficiency of sesame production in Yobe State, Nigeria. Research Methods: Multistage sampling procedure is utilized to choose the farmers. A structured questionnaire is administered to 180 respondents spread across 12 Local Government Areas to acquired essential information. Descriptive statistics used includes mean, frequency and percentage. The inferential statistic used is stochastic translog profit function. Findings: The result of levels of profit efficiency shows the mean profit efficiency of 0.8828. The result of the translog profit function indicates the sigma square to be 0.249 and variance of 0.909. All the cost variables has negative coefficients and significant at one percent level except for cost of farmlands. The inefficiency variables levels of education, Access to Extension Services, Access to credits among others reduce inefficiency while off-farm income and access to market information increase inefficiency. Conclusion: It can be concluded that inefficiency exist in the utilization of resources. All the input cost variable decreases profit efficiency and all the socioeconomic characteristics decreases profit inefficiency with the exception of, off-farm income and access to market information which were found to increase profit inefficiency.

scholarly journals Desafios e perspectivas do estudante com deficiência visual na educação superior: análise da produção científica

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (esp. 2) ◽  
pp. 1118-1136
Author(s):  
José Aparecido da Costa ◽  
Rosely dos Santos Madruga ◽  
Alexandra Ayach Anache ◽  
Eladio Sebastian-Heredero
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Educational Assistance ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Policies

The inclusion of students with visual impairments in higher education has still been challenging for managers and teachers to ensure academic success. Despite the investment initiatives by the government, but they are still insufficient in the face of the difficulties of access and permanence of these students. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze research on access and permanence with an emphasis on Specialized Educational Assistance for students with visual impairments in the productions of the Special Education Journal of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) in the period from 2014 to 2019. We used a quantitative-qualitative analysis of the nature of reviewing scientific production in the journal in question, for this we work with the indicators of disability, visual impairment, higher education, access, permanence, specialized educational assistance and their combinations. The search resulted in 519 articles, of which only 39 address inclusion in higher education. 14 were selected for analysis, dealing with visual impairment, higher education, inclusion and permanence. We conclude that the number of visually impaired students in Higher Education has increased by more than 50% (fifty percent), that there is a set of legislation that favors inclusion, but the conditions, whether of resources/technologies or teacher formation, do not yet appear for its effectiveness, according to research. Specialized educational assistance, guaranteed by law, is not yet perceived as materialized. Publications are relevant for the creation of new policies, actions and strategies for the permanence of students with disabilities in higher education and specialized educational assistance according to their specificities, but it still need further study.

scholarly journals Access to and Experiences of Higher Education Across Europe: The Impact of Social Characteristics

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
Rachel Brooks ◽  
Jessie Abrahams ◽  
Predrag Lažetić ◽  
Achala Gupta ◽  
Sazana Jayadeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Research Question ◽  
National Level ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Individual Interviews

Abstract Policymakers across Europe have increasingly emphasised the importance of paying close attention to the social dimension of higher education and taking further steps to ensure that the composition of Europe’s universities more adequately reflects the diversity of the wider population. While there have been a number of studies that have explored this through analyses of European- and national-level policy and others that have assessed a range of quantitative indicators related to student diversity, this chapter assumes, in contrast, an interpretivist stance; it is interested in the perspectives of those studying and working ‘on the ground’ within the European Higher Education Area. Specifically, we seek to answer this research question: To what extent do students and staff, across Europe, believe that higher education access and experiences are differentiated by social characteristics (such as class/family background, race/ethnicity/migration background, gender and age)? In doing so, we draw on data from a large European Research Council-funded project, including 54 focus groups with undergraduate students (a total of 295 individuals) and 72 in-depth individual interviews with members of higher education staff (both academic and non-academic). Fieldwork was conducted in three higher education institutions in each of the following countries: Denmark, UK-England, Germany, Ireland, Poland and Spain—nations chosen to provide diversity with respect to welfare regime, relationship to the European Union and mechanisms for funding higher education. We explore commonalities and differences between staff and students and between different countries, before identifying some implications for policymakers keen to promote further social inclusion within Europe’s higher education institutions (HEIs).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN, AKSES PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PENDERITA TB PARU BTA+ DI PUSKESMAS JANTI KOTA MALANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alfreda Dinayu Purbantari ◽  
Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto ◽  
Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Utilization Of Health Services ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that is still the world's attention, Until now, there is not a single country that is free of TB (Kemenkes 2011). Public Health Center (puskesmas) Janti is a puskesmas where the number of TB BTA+ sufferers increases every year while the number of treatment success rate at Puskesmas Janti decreases every year. In 2013 is 96%, in 2014 is 87,50% and in 2015 is 85,37%. Increasing the number of patients and decreasing the number of success rates of treatment indicates that the utilization of health services is less. This study aims to find out the relationship of Education, Health Service Access and Family Support with Health Service Utilization of BTA+ Pulmonary TB Patients at Public Health Center (puskesmas) Janti Malang. The design of this study is quantitative correlation with samples of all patients with TB Paru + BTA who are still doing treatment at Puskesmas Janti in September 2016 until April 2017. The analysis used correlation test and logistic regression test with cross sectional approach. The results of the research analysis found that there is a significant relationship between education, access to health services and family support together with the utilization of health services of patients Tb Paru BTA+. Based on the results of determination coefficient R2 (Nagelkerke) of 0.619, this means that education (X1), access to health services (X2), and family support (X3) has contributed 61.9% to the utilization of health services of patients with TB Paru BTA+ at Puskesmas Janti.Keywords: education, access, family support, health service utilizationAbstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang masih menjadi perhatian dunia, hingga saat ini, belum ada satu negara pun yang bebas TB (Kemenkes 2011). Puskesmas Janti adalah satu puskesmas yang berada di Kota Malang dengan jumlah pasien TB Paru BTA+ yang paling tinggi dan meningkat setiap tahun diantara puskesmas yang lain di Kota Malang, sedangkan jumlah angka keberhasilan pengobatan di Puskesmas Janti mengalami penurunan setiap tahun. Tahun 2013 sebesar 96%, pada tahun 2014 sebesar 87,50% dan pada tahun 2015 sebesar 85,37%. Peningkatan jumlah penderita dan penurunan jumlah angka keberhasilan pengobatan menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pendidikan, Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Penderita TB Paru BTA+ di Puskesmas Janti Kota Malang. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan sampel seluruh penderita TB Paru BTA+ yang masih melakukan pengobatan di Puskesmas Janti pada bulan September 2016 sampai dengan April 2017. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi dan uji regresi logistik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil analisis penelitian di dapatkan ada hubungan yang dignifikan antara pendidikan, akses pelayanan kesehatan dan dukungan keluarga secara bersama-sama dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita Tb Paru BTA+. Berdasarkan hasil koefisien determinasi R2 (Nagelkerke) sebesar 0,619, hal ini berarti bahwa pendidikan (X1), akses pelayanan kesehatan (X2), dan dukungan keluarga (X3) memiliki kontribusi sebesar 61,9% terhadap pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita TB Paru BTA+ di Puskesmas Janti.Kata Kunci:    pendidikan, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dukungan keluarga, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita TB Paru BTA+

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